Chapter 1 Section. 2

Domestication

Tame animals. (I) 1.They tamed horses, dogs, goats, and pigs. (Hunters) 2.Like farming, domestication of animals came slowly. 3.Stone Age hunters may have driven herds of animals into rocky ravines to be slaughtered. 4.It was then a small step to drive herds into human-made enclosures. From there, farmers could keep the animals as a constant source of food and gradually tame them.

Slash-and-burn farming

Groups that cut trees or grasses and then burn them to clear a field. (I,A) 1.The ashes that remained fertilized the soil. 2.Farmers planted crops for a year or two, then moved to another area of land. 3.After several years, trees and grass grew back, and other farmers repeated the process of slashing and burning. 4.Food gatherers' understanding of plants probably spurred the development of farming.

Nomad

Mobile people who moved from place to place foraging, or searching for new resources of food. (R,I,A) 1.For tens of thousands of years, men and women of the Old Stone Age were Nomads. 2.There were nomadic groups whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods. 3.Nomads also increased their food supply by inventing tools. 4.They used stone, bone, and wood to fashion more than 100 different tools.

Hunter-gather

Nomadic groups whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods. (I,A) 1.Prehistoric hunter-gatherers, such as roving bands of Cro-Magnons, increased their food supply by inventing tools. 2.Hunters crafted special spears that enabled them to kill game at greater distances. 3.Digging sticks helped food gatherers pry plants loose at the roots. 4.They used stone, bone, and wood to fashion more than 100 different tools.

Neolithic Revolution

The first agricultural revolution—the far-reaching changes in human life resulting from the beginnings of farming. (R,I,A) 1.The shift from food-gathering to food-producing culture represents one of the great breakthroughs in history. 2.Scientists do not know exactly why the agricultural revolution occurred during this period. 3.Change in climate was probably a key reason of why the Neolithic Revolution started. 4.Rising temperatures worldwide provided longer growing seasons and drier land for cultivating wild grasses.