Chapter 10

A clinician is caring for a patient going through detoxification in a hospital. What can the clinician administer to help reduce severe alcohol withdrawal reactions, such as delirium tremens and seizures?

Antianxiety drugs

Which statement about cannabis use is TRUE

At high doses, cannabis use can cause intoxications; at very high doses, it can cause hallucinations

Which drug has gained a reputation as being the drug of choice for all-night techno-dance parties?

MDMA

Drugs that bind to endorphin receptor sites and make it impossible for opioids to have their usual effect are known as:

narcotic antagonists

Methadone is a(n):

opioid

A person becomes intoxicated when their alcohol blood concentration reaches what percent?

0.09 percent

Which statement is NOT a sociocultural explanation of the cause of substance disorders?

Children whose needs are not met by parents grow up depending on others for comfort, and this may devdelop into a dependent relationship with a substance

Genetic linkage studies have found an abnormal form of a gene for which type of neurotransmitter?

D2

________ is often given to people who are trying to stop consuming alcohol

Disulfiram

Which is the MOST accurate statement about the effects of marijuana in males who use it chronically?

It causes lower sperm count in some men

A classmate is arrested on your college campus. How likely is it that the person had been drinking alcohol?

Very likely; more than 80 percent of all campus arrests are associated with drinking

Quinten has been taking two different medications. Both meds have similar actions in the body. What could this cause?

a synergistic effect

A serious, irreversible condition affecting the liver that is associated with long-term excessive drinking is:

cirrhosis

What theory explains how the sight of a hypodermic needle can comfort a person who is dependent on heroin?

classical conditioning

Which drug increases the activity of the central nervous system?

cocaine

Which drug treatment approach makes incentives (such as program privileges) depending on the submission of drug-free urine specimens?

contingency management

Sometimes two or more drugs are so similar in their actions on the brain and the body that as people build a tolerance for one drug, they are simultaneously developing a tolerance for the other. This is known as:

cross-tolerance

Which neurotransmitter system does cocaine have the GREATEST effect on?

dopamine

Regular use of opioids may reduce the brain's production of:

endorphins

Which drug is NOT known to directly stimulate the brain's reward center?

heroin

Which of these was used as a cough medicine before its addictive properties became known?

heroin

Isabella moves into a facility where she will undergo individual and group therapy while living, working, and socializing in a drug0free environment. This is an example of what kind of therapy?

sociocultural

Emily promises to help her child with homework but then takes drugs right after dinner. Emily falls asleep after the high and wakes up groggy and late for work. Her weekly brunch with friends is tomorrow, but Emily resolves to cancel because she'd prefer to do drugs and sleep in. Emily is experiencing:

substance use disorder

Which term is applied to an individual who demonstrates a pattern of maladaptive behaviors and reactions brought about by repeated use of a substance?

substance use disorder

So many soldiers received morphine injections during the Civil War that addiction to morphine was known as:

the "soldier's disease"