Chapter 10

A cell's particular shape is largely determined by: -cytoskeletal protein networks in the cytoplasm. -cytosolic proteins that assemble into structures called cell junctions. -All of these choices are correct. -a mesh of proteins and polysaccharides in the extracellular matrix.

All of these choices are correct.

Microtubules increase in length: -if free tubulin dimers are available. -All of these choices are correct. -in cycles, following rapid depolymerization. -more quickly at one end than the other. -by growing outward from the centrosome.

All of these choices are correct.

How does the extracellular matrix affect a cell that it surrounds? (Select all that apply.) -All of these choices are correct. -The cell's shape depends in part on the structure and composition of the extracellular matrix.The genes that the cell expresses depend in part on the types of proteins in the extracellular matrix. -The extracellular matrix has no effect on the cells that it surrounds. -The size that the cell grows to depends in part on the polysaccharides in the extracellular matrix.

The cell's shape depends in part on the structure and composition of the extracellular matrix.The genes that the cell expresses depend in part on the types of proteins in the extracellular matrix

Epidermolysis bullosa is a set of rare genetic disorders that is caused by: -an intermediate filament gene that disrupts hemidesmosomes, weakening epidermal cell connections. -All of these choices are correct. -a microfilament gene that disrupts desmosomes, weakening epidermal cell connections. -a keratin gene that disrupts intermediate filaments, weakening epidermal cell connections. -a keratin gene that disrupts microfilaments, weakening epidermal cell connections.

a keratin gene that disrupts intermediate filaments, weakening epidermal cell connections.

Which of the following is NOT found in the extracellular matrix of animal cells? collagen polysaccharide cellulose elastin laminin

cellulose

Which of the following is a button-like point of attachment formed by the linking of integrins to intermediate filaments inside the cell and their binding to a protein of the extracellular matrix on the outside of the cell? tight junction adherens junction desmosome hemidesmosome

hemidesmosome

Which of the following provide structural support for epithelial cells, such as those in the skin (keratinocytes)? intermediate filaments microtubules microfilaments microfilaments and intermediate filaments microtubules and microfilaments

intermediate filaments

Zebrafish embryos change the color of the melanophore cells in their skin to a darker shade by: -dynein motor proteins moving pigment granules inward toward the plus end of microtubules. -kinesin motor proteins moving pigment granules inward toward the center of the cell. -dynein motor proteins moving pigment granules outward from the center of the cell. -kinesin motor proteins moving pigment granules outward from the center of the cell. -dynein motor proteins moving pigment granules inward toward the center of the cell.

kinesin motor proteins moving pigment granules outward from the center of the cell.

Which of the following enable(s) the movement of cells? microtubules and microfilaments microfilaments intermediate filaments microtubules microfilaments and intermediate filaments

microtubules and microfilaments

Which of the following is a mesh-like attachment between cells formed by binding of transmembrane proteins of one cell to the same protein type on the adjacent cell, preventing substances from passing between cells? tight junction hemidesmosome desmosome adherens junction

tight junction