Chapter 10 Chemistry - 10.1-10.4

How many electrons need to be present in an atomic orbital if it is to participate in a covalent bond?

1

A double bond is shown conventionally by ____ lines joining the atoms.

2

Every line representing a bond represents _____ electron(s).

2

How many bonding electrons are involved in a single bond?

2

A triple bond has ______ pairs of shared electrons.

3

How many total electrons are shared in a double covalent bond?

4

How many total electrons are shared in a tripe covalent bond?

6

In the Lewis electron-dot structure H:H, what does the pair of dots represent?

A covalent bond

A triple bond consists of:

A sigma bond and two pi bonds.

Overlap of the electron clouds of two atoms results in a(n) ______.

Covalent bond

What type of bonding results from the sharing of electrons by two atoms?

Covalent bonding

A has the highest melting point among all crystals. A should be:

Covalent crystal

I2 is an example of a _____ covalent molecule.

Diatomic

In Lewis structures, the valence electrons are represented by ____.

Dots

In a molecule of carbon dioxide, the carbon oxygen bonds are ____ bonds.

Double

If in a molecule there are more than two atoms, then the atom with the lowest _____ is generally the central atom.

Electronegativity

What force causes the potential energy to decrease as the electron clouds of two atoms begin to overlap with one another?

Electrostatic attraction between electrons and nuclei

What causes a sharp increase in potential energy when two atoms approach more closely to one another then their ideal bond distance?

Electrostatic repulsion between nuclei

A single bond is less stable than a double bond. True or false?

False

Double bonds can only exist in the case of bonding between atoms of the same elements. True or false?

False

Single bonds are shorter than double bonds because p-orbital overlap is minimized. True or false?

False

The formation of covalent bonds between two atoms depends upon the electron affinity. True or false?

False

True or false? A covalent compound always consists of one metal atom.

False

True or false? A single bond is less stable than a double bond.

False

True or false? Covalent compounds do not form molecules.

False

True or false? Electrons in the atomic orbitals from separate atoms must have the same spin if a covalent bond is to form between them

False

True or false? Non-valence electrons are also represented in Lewis structures.

False

True or false? Single bonds are shorter than double bonds because p-orbital overlap is minimized.

False

True or false? The covalent bond, in general, is much weaker than the ionic bond

False

True or false? The molecules formed when atoms of different molecules bond together cannot have triple bonds between them.

False

True or false? The total number of electrons represented in a Lewis structure is equal to the sum of the numbers of non-valence electrons.

False

True or false? There are distinct charges associated with the atoms in covalent compounds.

False

True or false? When two atoms combine and shared electrons are contributed equally, the bond is called electrovalent.

False

Nitrogen is a diatomic element with _____ valence electrons.

Five

In the diatomic molecule HCl, the H and the Cl share a pair of electrons. By doing so, the hydrogen atom attains the electron configuration of ______, while chlorine strains the electron configuration of ______.

Helium; Argon

The ideal bond distance between two atoms is when the potential energy of the system:

Is at a minimum

When stable compounds are formed, ______ amounts of energy are given off.

Large

A covalent compound is formed when there is a sharing of electrons between _____.

Nonmetals and nonmetals

Atoms usually share electrons in a way that allows them to satisfy what requirement?

Octet rule

The maximum overlap between the two orbitals involved in a bond helps to minimize the electrostatic repulsion between the two _____ charged nuclei.

Positively

A single covalent bond is two atoms:

Sharing a pair of electrons

Covalent bonds can be of ____ type(s) depending on the number of electron pair ls shared between the two atoms.

Three

The maximum number of single bonds made by a boron atom is:

Three

Why do different sorts combine with each other?

To achieve a noble gas structure and to find stability

A double bond is a chemical bond between two chemical elements involving four bonding electrons instead of the usual two. True or false?

True

N2 is chemically inert under ordinary conditions. True or false?

True

True or false? A covalent bond always includes a pair of electrons.

True

True or false? A covalent bond is the chemical bond that involves the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms.

True

True or false? Covalent crystals have the strongest bond among all crystals.

True

True or false? In Lewis structures, dots are used to represent individual electrons and lines are used to represent covalent bonds.

True

True or false? In a covalent bond, both bonding atoms count all of the bonded electrons towards the octet rule.

True

True or false? In order to break a molecule apart, energy must be provided to help it break.

True

True or false? In the formation of new bonds, potential energy is released since the new bonds have lower potential energy than the original bonds.

True

True or false? Iodine has the maximum bond length in the halogen family.

True

True or false? Out of all crystals, molecular crystals have the lowest melting points.

True

True or false? The stability of a system increases as the potential energy of the system decreases.

True

True or false? When only one pair of electrons is shared between the two bonded atoms, it is a single bond.

True

True or false? When two pairs of electrons are shared between atoms, it is called a double bond.

True

In a double bond which connects two atoms, there is a sharing of:

Two pairs of electrons

What is the potential energy of two separated atoms?

Zero