Chapter 10 History 108

Identify the causes of the economic Panic of 1819.

*Demand for western lands plummeted, bankrupting many speculators. *European demand for American farm goods returned to pre-War of 1812 levels.

Identify the following individuals and key terms.

*Force Act: passed by Congress to enforce the federal tariff of 1832 *Exposition and Protest: justified South Carolina's arguments for nullification by drawing on the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions of 1798. *Tariff of abominations: raised taxes on imported manufactured goods made of wool, as well as raw materials such as iron *Nullification Crisis: represented a conflict between the federal government and South Carolina that eventually led to well-developed political philosophy

Identify the statements that describe William Henry Harrison, the 1840 Whig candidate for president.

*Harrison's key accomplishment, like Jackson's, was his military success against the British in the War of 1812. *Harrison's running mate was John Tyler, former Democrat from Virginia. *Harrison did not have an actual political platform.

Identify the contributions or opinions of the following individuals.

*John Adams: Persuaded many northerners that the South had too much influence in Washington; the only non-Virginian among the first five presidents of the United States. *John Quincy Adams: Thought that the Missouri controversy had revealed how the issue of slavery could eventually result in civil war. *Thomas Jefferson: Viewed the entire Missouri controversy as an attempt by Federalist to revive their party by setting northern and southern Republicans against each other.

Based on your understanding of the Bank War, what does this political cartoon reveal about the conflict?

*Nicholas Biddle, the president of the Second Bank of the United States, is represented with the head of a demon and shown running from an all-powerful Andrew Jackson holding the order to remove federal funds from the bank.

As property qualifications were lifted as a barrier to participating in American democracy, by what new boundaries were the rights of citizens restricted?

*Race *Sex

Identify the contributions of the following people to the Missouri Compromise of 1820.

*Senator Jesse Thomas: Proposed a three-part compromise to end the Missouri crises. * Congressman James Trallmadge: Proposed that the introduction of more slaves be prohibited. *Senator Henry Clay: Engineeredo

How did the Democrats and the Whigs differ in the conception of freedom that they advocated?

*The Democrats represented "negative freedom," or limited government interference, meaning the key to freedom was individual self-determination and individual action. *The Whigs had a positive view of freedom; they thought freedom could be enhanced and promoted by governmental action.

Identify the statements that describe the Latin American Wars of Independence.

*The Spanish empire in America eventually dissolved into seventeen different nations. *

Identify the three main principles of the Monroe Doctrine.

*The United States would oppose any further colonization efforts by the European powers in the Americas. *The United States would abstain from involvement in the wars of Europe. *The United States gave warning to the European powers not to interfere with the newly independent states of Latin America.

In McCulloch v. Maryland, Marshall declared the Second Bank of the United States a legitimate exercise of congressional authority. What was his argument to legitimize the bank?

*The bank was legitimate due to the Constitution's clause that allowed Congress to pass "necessary and proper" laws. *Because the legislation in this case promoted "the general welfare," it was legitimate as "all means which are ... not prohibited ... are constitutional."

John Quincy Adams announced in his first message to Congress in December 1825 that "the spirit of improvement is abroad in the land." Whom did he believe should be the patron of the "spirit of improvement"?

*The federal government

Identify the statements that describe John Quincy Adams's positions prior to becoming president.

*senator from Massachusetts *United States ambassador to Prussia, Russia, the Netherlands, and Britain

Identify the statement that describes the relationship between property and voting rights in America.

By 1860 in all but one state, land ownership was not a requirement to vote

The ultimate goal of Jackson's Indian Removal Act of 1830 was to integrate the Five Civilized Tribes into the American society.

False

Your memorialists ... belong to that class of citizens, who, not having the good fortune to possess a certain portion of land, are, for that cause only, debarred from the enjoyment of the right of suffrage. ... Compromising a very large part, probably a majority of male citizens of mature age, they have been passed by, like aliens or slaves, as if ... unworthy of a voice, in the measures involving their future political destiny. ... * What problem are the Memorialists describing?

They are describing the fact that there are still property qualifications debarring many men of Virginia from exercising the right to vote.

Immediately upon assuming the office of the presidency, William Henry Harrison contracted pneumonia. He died a month later, and John Tyler succeeded him.

True

Identify the Supreme Court case that held that Indian nations are a distinct people with the right to maintain a separate political identity.

Worcester v. Georgia