Chapter 10
13. What is the term used to describe an adaptive type of project that is both chaotic and controlled or ordered?
chaordic
10. The primary structured analysis model that shows inputs, processes, storage, and outputs is called the ______.
data flow diagram
7. The "_______" refers to software development using structured analysis and structured design models.
structured approach
9. Name the programming approach where each module has one start point and one end point and uses only sequence, decision, and iteration.
structured programming
17. In the structured approach the concept of dividing a complex program into a hierarchy of program modules is called _____.
top down programming
4. A development approach in which the complete system structure is built but with minimum functionality is called the _______.
walking skeleton
2. A method of executing the systems development life cycle (SDLC) which assumes rigid planning and final decision making at each step, is called the ____________________ approach.
waterfall
1. List and briefly describe the three major activities that occur during the support phase.
1. Maintaining the system - Fixing errors and problems 2. Enhancing the system - Adding new capabilities to the existing system 3. Supporting the users - Providing technical help to the users, often with a help desk.
3. List the three constructs that are used for structured programming.
1. Sequence 2. Decision 3. Iteration
1. An approach to the SDLC that plans the project in advance and then progresses according to the plan is called what? a. A predictive approach c. An Agile approach b. An adaptive approach d. A project management approach
A
14. One main principle of structured design is that program modules should be designed so that they are ____. a. highly cohesive c. tightly structured b. tightly coupled d. highly engineered
A
22. Reuse is one of the primary benefits of using what type of development methodology? a. Object-oriented c. Top-down b. Structured d. Iterative
A
29. In Agile modeling what are the two important reasons for building models? a. To understand what you are building and to communicate the solution b. To document a solution and to instruct other developers c. To communicate with the user and to obtain feedback d. To write good code and to design good databases
A
4. An approach to the SDLC where the phases overlap is often referred to as the _______ approach. a. modified waterfall c. modified predictive b. waterfall d. spiral
A
5. The term ____ refers to an approach that completes parts of a system in one or more iterations and puts them into operation for users. a. incremental development c. bottom-up development b. adaptive development d. predictive development
A
6. The term "____" means that work activities are done once, then again, and yet again. a. agile modeling c. waterfall approach b. iteration d. incremental development
B
8. The objective of the ____ is to keep the system running productively during the years following its initial installation. a. version release c. maintenance phase b. support phase d. deployment phase
B
2. Explain the difference between "An approach to the SDLC" and "An approach to software construction."
An approach to the SDLC has to do with whether the project methodology is predictive or adaptive and what specific project methodology is used. An approach to software construction has to do with structured development or object-oriented development and the analysis and design models that are used.
11. A(n) "_______" is a guideline to help an analyst complete a specific task and often includes step-by-step instructions to do something such as how to create a model. a. tool c. methodology b. technique d. SDLC
B
13. A hierarchical program structure consisting of a boss or control module which calls submodules is called what? a. traditional program structure c. ordered program structure b. top-down programming d. bottom-up programming
B
24. Which of the following is a basic value of agile software development? a. Following a plan over responding to change b. Working software over comprehensive documentation c. Processes and tools over individuals and interactions d. Contract negotiation over customer collaboration
B
6. Using a(n) ____________________ approach to the SDLC assumes requirements and needs for the planned system are uncertain
adaptive
15. An SDLC approach that completes portions of the system in small increments across iterations and integrates it into the whole is called _____.
incremental approach
3. One of the earliest adaptive SDLC approaches that cycles over and over again through development activities is called the _______.
spiral model
7. Which of the following is NOT one of the major activities of the support phase? a. Training the users c. Enhancing the system b. Maintaining the system d. Supporting the users
A
19. A graphical diagram whish shows the hierarchical organization of modules is called a(n) _______. a. Entity relationship diagram (ERD) c. structure chart b. top-down chart d. data flow diagram
C
2. The _____ approach is an SDLC approach that assumes the output of each phase are frozen before moving on to the next phase. a. iterative c. waterfall model b. spiral model d. prototyping
C
21. A(n) _______ is used to show the interacting messages between objects that collaborate. a. activity diagram c. sequence diagram b. class diagram d. data flow diagram
C
27. An example of a project phase in a predictive project is ____. a. gathering information about the user's needs b. performing a project cost/benefit analysis c. planning the project d. drawing the system interface
C
9. A(n) _____ provides guidelines to follow for completing every activity in systems development, including specific models, tools, and techniques. a. predictive approach b. object-oriented analysis c. system development methodology d. systems development life cycle
C
10. The term "_______" is used to separate out some aspect of the real world that is important to understand when we build a model. a. brainstorm c. analysis b. synthesis d. abstraction
D
12. The acronym SADT stands for what? a. Software and Decoding Tools b. Systems Analysis and Development Tools c. Systems Analysis and Design Tools d. Structure Analysis and Design Technique
D
15. An important way to measure the quality of a module in structured programming is by assessing its _____. a. structured design c. internal constructs b. top-down approach d. cohesion and coupling
D
17. A(n) ____ program is one that has one beginning and one ending. a. iterative c. object-oriented b. incremental d. structured
D
18. A(n) ____ is a representation of an important aspect of the real world. a. methodology c. technique b. tool d. model
D
23. ____ is a philosophy and set of guidelines for developing software in an unknown, rapidly changing environment. a. Object-oriented development c. Pair programming b. Refactoring d. Agile development
D
25. What is the primary goal in Agile Modeling? a. building model templates for future projects b. building multiple models c. focusing on representation with good models d. developing software
D
26. Which of the following is NOT an Agile Modeling principle? a. Minimize your modeling activity b. Know your models and how to use them c. Focus on content rather than representation d. Maintain core models to verify past decisions
D
28. A(n) _____ approach to the SDLC is used when the exact requirements of a system or needs of users are not well understood. a. predictive c. incremental b. persistent d. adaptive
D
3. An adaptive approach to a development project is best used when _______. a. the system has low technical risk b. the requirements are simple and the system is small c. the requirements are well understood d. the requirements are uncertain
D
List at least 5 principles of Agile Modeling.
Develop software as your primary goal Enable the next effort as your secondary goal. Minimize your modeling activity—few and simple. Embrace change, and change incrementally. Model with a purpose. Build multiple models. Build high-quality models and get feedback rapidly. Focus on content rather than representation. Learn from each other with open communication.
20. _____ consists of writing statements in a programming language to define what each type of object does. a. OOP c. OOD b. OOA d. OOS
OOP
8. SADT stands for what?
Systems analysis and Design technique
14. What is the term used to describe a guiding philosophy in which only the models that are necessary, with a valid need and the right level of detail, are created.
agile modeling
16. A set of tools that work together to provide a comprehensive development and programming environment is called a(n) _____.
incremental development evironment
11. A thing in an information system that responds to messages by executing functions or methods is called a(n) _______.
object
12. What is the term used to describe system development based on the view that a system is a set of interacting objects that work together?
object oriented approach
1. The term "____________________" refers to related system development activities, which are grouped into categories of project planning, analysis, design, implementation, and support.
phase