Chapter 10 Launchpad Practice Quiz Intro to Psych

Attempting to alleviate stress directly by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to one's stress reaction is known as _____ coping. problem-minded emotion-focused problem-focused social-focused

emotion-focused

Gerri's psychologist has suggested that she take time to relax and silently pay attention to her inner state. This technique is called: emotion-based coping .psychoneuroimmunology. mindfulness meditation. personal control.

mindfulness meditation.

Researchers have reported a relationship between _____ and the progression of HIV infection to AIDS. negative emotions education high socioeconomic status gender

negative emotions

Marsha has a very pleasant view on life. She always expects the best out of people and is confident that she will be successful. Marsha's attitude exemplifies: pessimism.self-control.personal control.optimism.

optimism

People's sense of controlling their environment rather than feeling helpless is known as: personal control.internal locus of control.external locus of control.resilience.

personal control.

Jerry always expects the worse to happen and appears to doubt that he will reach his goals. Jerry is experiencing: optimism.personal control.pessimism.self-control.

pessimism.

People experiencing hopelessness often have _____ than optimistic people. longer and happier livesincreased disease-fighting immune systemsfewer minor illnesses and diseasesreduced disease-fighting immune systems

reduced disease-fighting immune systems

Professor Crane was ecstatic when he learned that his research study was approved for publication. However, his joyful feelings quickly dissipated when he heard his colleague recently had three different research articles approved for publication. His declining emotional satisfaction is BEST explained by: relative deprivation. emotion-focused coping. adaptation-level phenomenon. feel-good, do-good phenomenon.

relative deprivation

With which factor have researchers found happiness to be associated? parenthoodgenderreligious faithage

religious faith

Research has found that _____ temporarily weakens after an exertion, replenishes with rest, and becomes stronger with exercise. an internal locus of controlresiliencean external locus of controlself-control

self-control

Stacey has moved from the farm she grew up in with her parents to the "big city" to go to college. She realizes that things in the city are much different from the small town where she grew up. Her move is an example of: a catastrophe.a daily hassle.a significant life change.life stress.

significant life change

____ is/are the leading cause of death in the United States and many other countries. Bacterial infectionsAIDSCoronary heart diseaseCancer

Coronary heart disease

A teacher prepares a lecture on the benefits of exercise. Which of these will it NOT highlight? Exercise increases arousal.Exercise provides decreased warmth and body arousal.Exercise modestly enhances cognitive abilities.Exercise increases mood-boosting chemicals such as serotonin.

Exercise provides decreased warmth and body arousal.

On what day of the week are people MOST likely to post statuses with emotionally positive moods on social media? WednesdayTuesdayFridayMonday

Friday

What effect has economic growth in relatively wealthy countries had on citizens' happiness? Happiness levels remain about the same.Happiness level increased at first and then decreased.Happiness levels have increased.Happiness levels have decreased.

Happiness levels remain about the same.

. These cells release antibodies that fight bacterial infections. B lymphocytesNK cellsmacrophagesT lymphocytes

B lymphocytes

By which group is the tend-and-befriend strategy MOST often used? menchildrenadolescentswomen

women

Anders has just received devastating news about the copy shop he owns. Things seem very bleak because a nationally known competitor is opening a shop on the same block. Anders has many debts to pay off, and his wife is expecting their fourth child. When he hears the bad news, his heart rate zooms and he feels faint, like he is in shock. According to Hans Selye, he is in: Phase 3, in a state of exhaustion.Phase 4, unable to recover.Phase 2, in a state of resistance.Phase 1, experiencing an alarm reaction.

Phase 1, experiencing an alarm reaction.

Maya owes the credit card company $20,000, her adjustable rate mortgage has just gone up, and she has been out of work for three months. Her husband of 15 years came home today to tell her that he is having an affair and wants a divorce. With that news, she collapsed and had to be taken to the emergency room. According to Hans Selye, in which stage of the general adaptation syndrome is she? Phase 2, in a state of resistance Phase 1, experiencing an alarm reaction Phase 3, in a state of exhaustion Phase 4, unable to recover

Phase 3, in a state of exhaustion

____ is the scientific study of optimal human functioning. This field aims to discover and promote the strengths that allow people and communities to thrive. Industrial-organizational psychologyPositive psychologyDevelopmental psychologyPersonality psychology

Positive psychology

____ is to addressing work problems with a colleague as _____ is to talking to one's hair stylist about all of the problems at work. Emotion-focused coping; problem-focused copingProblem-focused coping; emotion-focused copingUnperceived control; perceived controlPerceived control; unperceived control

Problem-focused coping; emotion-focused coping

Research indicates that people who _____ are more vulnerable to disease. bet at the racetrackare recently widowedhave their own businessown dogs

are recently widowed

These cells attack cancer cells, viruses, and other foreign substances. T lymphocytes macrophages B lymphocytes NK cells

T lymphocytes

Which statement is TRUE regarding happiness? Those who are active in a religious faith are happier than those who are not.Men who are physically attractive are happier than men who are not as attractive.Younger people tend to be happier than older adults.Males are more likely to report increased happiness than females.

Those who are active in a religious faith are happier than those who are not.

People who are competitive, super motivated, impatient, and verbally aggressive are likely to be classified as: Type D. Type B. Type A. Type C.

Type A.

Rebecca is a single mother who works full time while her children are in school. On Mondays, her schedule is really busy. She gets up at 6:00 A.M. to wake the children and get them off to school, as well as get ready for her job. She then drops off the children and drives to work. When she leaves her office at 5:00 P.M., she has to go to the school's after-care program and pick up her children, take both of them to dance class, fix dinner, help the children with their homework, clean up after dinner, and get her children in bed by 9:00 P.M. Rebecca feels as if she is constantly going and stresses over not having enough hours in the day. This is an example of: a significant life change. life stress. a daily hassle. a catastrophe.

a daily hassle.

Sadie's father-in-law had a serious heart attack several weeks ago. She is concerned because he lives alone. After his heart attack, which acquisition would increase his odds of survival? a more reliable automobilesafety bars in his bathrooma doga bicycle helmet

a dog

Mary has just divorced her husband and has had to move to a small apartment that she is able to afford with her income alone. She is now struggling to pay her monthly bills and cries regularly. Mary is experiencing: a daily hassle.a catastrophe.life stress.a significant life change.

a significant life change.

Marcy believes that the outcome of athletic contests depends on luck and that it does not matter if she puts effort into her athletic training. Her belief MOST clearly illustrates: learned helplessness.an internal locus of control.pessimism.an external locus of control.

an external locus of control.

Shane's doctor suggests that he begin an aerobic exercise program in addition to the psychotherapy for his depression. As a result, Shane will NOT experience: becoming more anxious from the stress of the exercise program.feeling more vigor.being able to manage stressful life events better.weight loss and feeling less fatigued.

becoming more anxious from the stress of the exercise program.

Which of these is NOT likely to be exhibited by people with an internal locus of control versus people with an external locus of control? achieving more in school believing that their fate is decided by luck feeling less depressed enjoying better health

believing that their fate is decided by luck

Earthquakes, floods, wildfires, and storms are all examples of: daily hassles. life stress. significant life changes. catastrophes.

catastrophes.

The feel-good, do-good phenomenon refers to the impact of: mood on self-control. empathy on interpersonal conflict. optimism on good health. happiness on helpfulness.

happiness on helpfulness.

Research on the effect of pet ownership indicates that pet ownership: contributes to stress for many people.helps people handle stress.does not affect stress responses.increases stress of animals.

helps people handle stress.

. Aerobic exercise _____ the body's production of serotonin and _____ arousal. decreases; decreases decreases; increases increases; decreases increases; increases

increases; increases

What reaction can a series of uncontrollable events create in animals and people? emotion-based copingtend-and-befriend responselearned helplessnessproblem-based coping

learned helplessness

After experiencing prolonged and seemingly inescapable physical abuse from her husband, Kayla became increasingly depressed and resigned to her situation. Her reaction BEST illustrates: learned helplessness. pessimism. resilience. problem-focused coping.

learned helplessness.

White blood cells that work to destroy bacteria, viruses, and other foreign invaders in the body are called: teratogens.macrophages.carcinogens.lymphocytes.

lymphocytes.

A local religious organization has taken an interest in reaching out to community members with AIDS. They were prompted to do this when they learned that religiously active AIDS patients seem to _____ than do their nonreligious counterparts. survive longer exhibit fewer problem-focused coping skills have higher stress-hormone levels have more depressed moods

survive longer

Mick never seems to be satisfied with his achievements. He is not depressed; he does celebrate those achievements, but his achievements become normal after some time, and he moves on to the next big thing. This is BEST explained in terms of: the adaptation-level phenomenon. his level of pessimism. the emotion-focused coping. learned helplessness.

the adaptation-level phenomenon.

People have a tendency to judge stimuli relative to those previously experienced. For example, if a man's current income level increases, he feels an initial surge of pleasure. However, as he adapts to that income level, he comes to consider it normal. He then requires something better to feel another surge of happiness. This is known as: the adaptation-level phenomenon.relative deprivation.subjective well-being.the feel-good, do-good phenomenon.

the adaptation-level phenomenon.

In a senior writing seminar, students were asked to write a brief autobiography. Sixty years later, if a researcher were to analyze these autobiographies, which group is likely to live an average of seven years longer? those who had expressed happiness and love in their autobiographiesWe cannot predict longevity on the basis of emotions.those who had expressed narcissism in their autobiographiesthose who had expressed anger and sorrow in their autobiographies

those who had expressed happiness and love in their autobiographies