Chapter 10 - Muscular System

Your friend nods back and forth to you, making the yes motion. What lever system is being represented by this 'yes' motion? First-class lever Second-class lever Third-class lever

first-class lever

Your friend nods "yes" to you, going through flexion, extension and hyperextension. This movement at the fulcrum represents a A. First-class lever system B. Second-class lever system C. Third-class lever system D. Third-class lever system

first-class lever system

What is the action of the muscle labeled I? Extends the forearm at the elbow joint Flexes the forearm at the elbow joint Pronates the forearm at the radioulnar joints Abduct arm at shoulder joint Rotates arm at shoulder joint

flexes the forearm at the elbow joint

Most muscles cross at least one A. Tendon B. Joint C. Bone D. Ligament

joint

When the knee is being flexed, what is the fulcrum? Femur Weight of lower leg and foot Knee joint Tibia Contraction of quadriceps femoris

knee joint

Robert is training for a track race. He slightly tears his calcaneal tendon. The doctors prescribe P.R.I.C.E and give him medicine for inflammation and pain. Robert most likely has a Muscle sprain Muscle strain Repetitive strain injuries Plantar fasciitis Compartment syndrome

muscle strain

Where is the iliacus? A B C H I

A

What is the action for the muscle labeled G? Adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint Abducting arm at shoulder joint Laterally rotates arm at shoulder joint Laterally rotates and extends arm at shoulder joint Extends forearm at elbow joint

Adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint

Fascia over deltoid and pectoralis muscles are the origin of the muscle labeled R D C E G

D

Where is the orbicularis oculi? D E F G H

D

Which muscle in this figure produces the effort when you plantar flex to see over a taller person in front of your view? C D G H I

D

Where is the abductor digiti minimi? B C E F G

E

Which muscle in this figure allows radial deviation at the wrist joint? D E F G H

E

Which muscle in this figure is innervated by the trigeminal nerve? A B G I E

E

The tendon of which muscle in this figure is the most commonly damaged in rotator cuff injuries? E F G H B

F

Which muscle in this figure can abduct, medially and laterally rotate, and extend the arm at the glenohumeral joint? C D F G I

F

Which muscle originates at the anterior and lateral surfaces of the femoral body? D E F G H

F

Acting unilaterally, which muscle in this figure can rotate the vertebral column? D G H I E

G

Where is the adductor longus? H I J K L

H

Which letter identifies the splenius capitis in this figure? A B C H I

H

Based on its name, which of the following best described characteristics of the biceps femoris muscle? Has two insertions and found in lower leg Has two bellies and found in the upper leg Has two origins and found in the upper leg Has two origins and found in the upper arm

Has two origins and found in the upper leg

Protrusion of an organ through a structure that normally contains it is referred to as a Hernia Goiter Strain Sprain Hydrocele

Hernia

Where is the gracilis? H I J

I

Which muscle in this figure elevates and adducts the scapula? A F G H I

I

What terms can be used to describe forearm muscle movements at the write but NOT on the fingers at the interphalangeal joints? Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction Extension and flexion Abduction and adduction Flexion and adduction Pronation and supination

abduction and adduction

The muscle that serves as the "prime mover" during a movement is called the Antagonist Agonist Synergist Asynergist Fixator

agonist

Where is the semitendinosus? J K L M N

L

Which three muscles make up the hamstring? L, M, N E, F, G H, I, J I, J, K A, B, C

L, M, N

Which muscles help move the jaw during mastication? Masseter, temporalis, pterygoid (medial and lateral) Genioglossus, styloglossus, hyoglossus, palatoglossus Omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid Sternocleidomastoid, longissimus capitis, splenius capitis Obicularis oris, levator labii superioris, depressor labii inferioris

Masseter, temporalis, pterygoid (medial and lateral)

Forcefully blowing through a trumpet would require contraction of which muscle? Buccinator Zygomaticus major Levator labii superioris Risorius Occipitofrontalis

buccinator

What is the insertion of the muscle labeled Q? Iliac crest and linea alba Cartilage of the fifth to seventh rib and xiphoid process Ribs 5-12 Central tendon

cartilage of the fifth to seventh rib and xiphoid process

Which fascicle arrangement, under voluntary or involuntary regulation of contraction, can control the opening or closing an orifice (opening)? Pennate Triangular Circular Parallel Fusiform

circular

During knee flexion, what is the effort? Knee joint Contraction of hamstring muscle group Weight of lower leg and foot Femur Tibia

contraction of hamstring muscle group

Motion will occur at a lever system when A. Resistance at the insertion B. The force of the contraction is not more than the load C. Effort at the origin exceeds the load D. Effort at the insertion exceeds the load

effort at the insertion exceeds the load

Tim ate something that is not agreeing with his digestive tract. He needs to go to the bathroom to defecate, but there is a line. What muscle helps keep the anal canal and anus closed? Bulbospongious Ishiocavernosus Obturator internus External anal sphincter Sphincter urethrovaginalis

external anal sphincter

The ___ are the synergist muscles to the diaphragm during inspiration. External intercostals External obliques Rectus abdominis Internal intercostals Internal obliques

external intercostals

If one is stabbed on the lateral side of the abdomen, what abdominal muscles, in order from superficial to deep, will the knife go through? Rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique External oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis Transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis, external oblique External oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis Internal oblique, transversus abdominis, external oblique

external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis

The attachment of a muscle's tendon to the stationary bone is called the ___; the attachment of the muscle's other tendon to the movable bone is called the ___. A. Origin, action B. Insertion, action C. Origin, insertion D. Insertion, origin

origin, insertion

Which motions can be made by the upper limbs but NOT by the lower limbs? Pronation and supination Flexion and extension Adduction and abduction Lateral and medial rotation

pronation and supination

Which of these muscles flexes the thigh at the hip joint alone, but extends the knee working in a group? Biceps femoris Rectus femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Vastus lateralis

rectus femoris

Which of these muscles has fascicles parallel to the midline? External obliques Transverse abdominis Rectus femoris Biceps femoris Orbicularis oculi

rectus femoris

A 1 year old child presents with crossed eyes. While she seems fine and is able to recognize people, the patient is diagnosed with Nystagmus Strabismus Prebyopia Myopia Hypermetropia

stabismus

Which of these groups includes only muscles that move the humerus but do NOT originate on the axial skeleton? Serratus anterior, latissimus dorsi, trapezius Supraspinatus, teres major, teres minor, infraspinatus Deltoid, brachioradialis, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major Trapezius, pectoralis minor, pectoralis major, triceps brachii Triceps brachii. Biceps brachii, brachioradialis

supraspinatus, teres major, teres minor, infraspinatus

Where is the depressor anguli oris? K L M N J

L

What is the antagonist of the muscle labeled B? Corrugator supericilii Temporalis Levator palpebrae superioris Occipitofrontalis Levator labii superioris

Levator palpebrae superioris

During inhalation, ___ muscles contract to elevate the ribs. During forced exhalation, ___ muscles contract to depress the ribs. External intercostals; internal intercostals Transverse abdominis; diaphragm Diaphragm; transverse abdominis Internal intercostals; external intercostals Rectus abdominis; external obliques

external intercostals; internal intercostals

This type of muscle works by stabilizing the origin of the agonist so that it can act more efficiently. Synergist Agonist Antagonist Fixator Secondary mover

fixator

Due to the muscle attachments, a fracture to the ischial tuberosity would affect what lower limb movement? Adduction of the thigh Dorsiflexion of the foot Extension of the leg Flexion of the leg Abduction of the thick

flexion of the leg

A woman complains of problems going up steps. Tests reveal hip extension weakness but no issues with hip flexion or knee flexion or extension. What muscle is most likely damaged? Adductor magnus Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius Semitendinosus Sartorius

gluteus maximus

This muscle, which is found in the neck, functions to elevate the hyoid bone and help press the tongue against the roof of the mouth during swallowing. Mylohyoid Sternothyroid Sternocleidomastoid Digastric Masseter

mylohyoid

"How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood" is difficult to say. What muscles work together to allow this to be spoken? Masseter, buccinators, temporalis, platysma Palatoglossus, styloglossus, genioglossus, hyoglossus Risorius, zygomaticus minor, zygomaticus major mentalis, obicularis oris, levator labii superioris Sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid

palatoglossus, styloglossus, genioglossus, hyoglossus

Which muscle in this figure elevates the upper eyelid? B D E F G

B

Which of these muscles has an insertion on the occipital bone and temporal bone? A B F G D

B

Where is the sartorius? I B C D G

C

Which muscle in this figure is innervated by cranial nerve and can flex the cervical portion of the vertebral column? A B C K M

C

Which of the following is a muscle whose insertion is found on the clavicle and acromion process of the scapula within the pectoral girdle? Trapezius Pectoralis major Latissimus dorsi Gracilus Sartorius

Trapezius

What is the insertion of the muscle labeled G? Greater tubercle of humerus Spine of the scapula Acromial extremity of the clavicle Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

deltoid tiberosity of humerus

Your friend nods back and forth to you, making the "yes" motion. What muscle actions on the head at the neck are involved in this 'yes' motion? Rotation and circumduction Lateral and medial rotation Extension and flexion Protraction and retraction Elevation and depression

extension and flexion

What is the insertion of the muscle labeled D? Lateral and medial condyles of femur and capsule of knee Head of fibula Head of fibula Calcaneus by way of Achilles tendon Anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane Distal phalanx of great toe

Calcaneus by way of Achilles tendon