Chapter 10 Quiz, Sociology #4 Chapter 10, Sociology Chapter 8, ch 18, Sociology Chapter 10, Chapter 8: Section Quiz, Sociology Ch. 14, Sociology ch 11, Sociology ch 11, Sociology Final, Sociology 100 #3, sociology ch. 12 questions, Ch. 12 Sociology s...
Who was the leading theorist on the development of socialism? a. Karl Marx b. Heidimarie Schwermer c. Émile Durkheim d. Adam Smith
.a. Karl Marx
Same-sex couple households account for _____ percent of U.S. households.
1
b
1. The terms "masculine" and "feminine" refer to a person's _________. a. sex b. gender c. both sex and gender d. none of the above
d
10. According to the symbolic interactionist perspective, we "do gender": a. during half of our activities b. only when they apply to our biological sex c. only if we are actively following gender roles d. all of the time, in everything we do
b
11. What Western country is thought to be the most liberal in its attitudes toward sex? a. United States b. Sweden c. Mexico d. Ireland
a
12. Compared to most Western societies, American sexual attitudes are considered _______. a. conservative b. liberal c. permissive d. free
d
13. Sociologists associate sexuality with _______. a. heterosexuality b. homosexuality c. biological factors d. a person's capacity for sexual feelings
b
14. According to national surveys, most American parents support which type of sex education program in school? a. Abstinence only b. Abstinence plus sexual safety c. Sexual safety without promoting abstinence d. No sex education
a
15. Which theoretical perspective stresses the importance of regulating sexual behavior to ensure marital cohesion and family stability? a. Functionalism b. Conflict theory c. Symbolic interactionalism d. Queer theory
a
2. _______ is/are an individual's self-conception of being male or female based on his or her association with masculine or feminine gender roles. a. Gender identity b. Gender bias c. Sexual orientation d. Sexual attitudes
Mike, a college student, rents a studio apartment. He cannot afford a television and lives on cheap groceries like dried beans and ramen noodles. Since he does not have a regular job, he does not own a car. Mike is living in: a. global poverty b. absolute poverty c. subjective poverty d. relative poverty
d. relative poverty
Which of the following is nota characteristic of multinational corporations? a. A large share of their capital is collected from a variety of nationalities. b. Their business is conducted without regard to national borders. c. They concentrate wealth in the hands of core nations. d. They are headquartered primarily in the United States
d. they are headquartered primarily in the United States
Research regarding video game violence suggests that _________. a. boys who play violent video games become more aggressive, but girls do not b. girls who play violent video games become more aggressive, but boys do not c. violent video games have no connection to aggressive behavior d. violent video games lead to an increase in aggressive thought and behavior
d. violent video games lead to an increase in aggressive thought and behavior
the idea that the achievement level associated with an A today is notably lower than the achievement level associated with A-level work a few decades ago
grade inflation
a federal program that provides academically focused preschool to students of low socioeconomic status
head start program
the type of nonacademic knowledge that one learns through informal learning and cultural transmission
hidden curriculum
In general, children in ______ households benefit from divorce.
high-conflict
an extreme or irrational aversion to homosexuals
homophobia
Sociologists tend to define family in terms of
how a given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoption
The history of technology began _________. A. In the early stages of human societies B. With the invention of the computer C. During the Renaissance D. During the nineteenth century
in the early stages of human societies
The median age of first marriage has ______ in the last fifty years.
increased for both men and women
learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors through participation in a society
informal education
theory that suggests we cannot separate the effects of race, class, gender, sexual orientation, and other attributes
intersection theory
violence that occurs between individuals who maintain a romantic or sexual relationship
intimate partner violence
a person's traceable ancestry (by blood, marriage, and/or adoption)
kinship
c. islamophobia
many arab americans face --, especially after 9/11. a. racism b. segregation c. islamophobia d. prejudice
a legally recognized contract between two or more people in a sexual relationship who have an expectation of permanence about their relationship
marriage
a type of unilateral descent that follows the mother's side only
matrilineal descent
a system in which it is customary for a husband to live with the his wife's family
matrilocal residence
Comic books, Wikipedia, MTV, and a commercial for Coca-Cola are all examples of: A. Media B. Symbolic interaction perspective C. E-readiness D. The digital divide
media
any group of people who are singled out from the others for differential and unequal treatment
minority group
the stereotype applied to a minority group that is seen as reaching higher educational, professional, and socioeconomic levels without protest against the majority establishment
model minority
when someone is married to only one person at a time
monogamy
In the mid-90s, the U.S. government grew concerned that Microsoft was a _______________, exercising disproportionate control over the available choices and prices of computers. A. Monopoly B. Conglomerate C. Oligopoly D. Technological globalization
monopoly
Children of divorced parents are _______ to divorce in their own marriage than children of parents who stayed married.
more likely
requires states to test students in prescribed grades, with the results of those tests determining eligibility to receive federal funding
no child left behind act
two parents (traditionally a married husband and wife) and children living in the same household
nuclear family
stereotypes
oversimplified ideas about groups of people
A parent secretly monitoring the babysitter through the use of GPS, site blocker, and nanny cam is a good example of: A. the social construction of reality B. Technophilia C. A neo-luddite D. Panoptic surveillance
panoptic surveillance
utility patents
patents that are granted for the invention or discovery of any new and useful process, product, or machine
design patents
patents that are granted when someone has invented a new and original design for a manufactured product
plant patents
patents that recognize the discovery of new plant types that can be asexually reproduced
A child who associates his line of descent with his father's side only is part of a _____ society.
patrilineal
a type of unilateral descent that follows the father's line only
patrilineal descent
a system in which it is customary for the a wife to live with (or near) the her husband's family
patrilocal residence
If the U.S. Patent Office were to issue a patent for a new type of tomato that tastes like a jellybean, it would be issuing a _________ patent? A. Utility patent B. Plant patent C. Design patent D. The U.S patent office does not issue a patent for plants.
plant patent
represented by the ideal of the United States as a "salad bowl:" a mixture of different cultures where each culture retains its own identity and yet adds to the "flavor" of the whole
pluralism
A woman being married to two men would be an example of:
polyandry
a form of marriage in which one woman is married to more than one man at one time
polyandry
the state of being committed or married to more than one person at a time
polygamy
a form of marriage in which one man is married to more than one woman at one time
polygyny
biased thought based on flawed assumptions about a group of people
prejudice
discrimination
prejudiced action against a group of people
a scholarly discipline that questions fixed (normative) definitions of gender and sexuality
queer theory
when real estate agents direct prospective homeowners toward or away from certain neighborhoods based on their race
racial steering
a set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices that are used to justify the belief that one racial category is somehow superior or inferior to others
racism
_________ tend to be more pro-technology, while _______ view technology as a symbol of the coldness of modern life. A. Luddites; technophiles B. Technophiles; luddites C. Cyberfeminists; technophiles D. Liberal feminists; conflict theorists
technophiles; Luddites
e-readiness
the ability to sort through, interpret, and process digital knowledge
planned obsolescence
the act of a technology company planning for a product to be obsolete or unable from the time it's created
technology
the application of science to solve problems in daily life
cyberfeminism
the application to and promotion of feminism online
white privilege
the benefits people receive simply by being part of the dominant group
technological globalization
the cross-cultural development and exchange of technology
genocide
the deliberate annihilation of a targeted (usually subordinate) group
knowledge gap
the gap in information that builds as groups grow up without access to technology
segregation
the physical separation of two groups, particularly in residence, but also in workplace and social functions
amalgamation
the process by which a minority group and a majority group combine to form a new group
assimilation
the process by which a minority individual or group takes on the characteristics of the dominant culture
social construction of race
the school of thought that race is not biologically identifiable
gatekeeping
the sorting process by which thousands of possible messages are shaped into a mass media-appropriate form and reduced to a manageable amount
technological diffusion
the spread of technology across borders
model minority
the stereotype applied to a minority group that is seen as reaching higher educational, professional, and socioeconomic levels without protest against the majority establishment
culture of prejudice
the theory that prejudice is embedded in our culture
digital divide
the uneven access to technology around race, class, and geographic lines
When it comes to media and technology, a functionalist would focus on: A. the symbols created and reproduced by the media B. The association of technology and technological skill with men C. The way that various forms of media socialize users D. The digital divide between the technological haves and have-nots
the way that various forms of media socialize users
media globalization
the worldwide integration of media through the cross-cultural exchange of ideas
intersection theory
theory that suggests we cannot separate the effects of race, class, gender, sexual orientation, and other attributes
neo-Luddites
those who see technology as a symbol of the coldness of modern life
net neutrality
those who see technology as a symbol of the coldness of modern life
technophiles
those who see technology as symbolizing the potential for a brighter future
a formalized sorting system that places students on "tracks" (advanced, low achievers) that perpetuate inequalities
tracking
a term that refers to individuals who identify with the behaviors and characteristics that are opposite of their biological sex
transgender
transgendered individuals who wish to alter their bodies through medical interventions such as surgery and hormonal therapy
transsexuals
The majority of U.S. children live in:
two-parent households
the tracing of kinship through one parent only.
unilateral descent
the equal ability of all people to participate in an education system
universal access
d. separate but equal
what doctrine justified legal segregation in the south? a. jim crow b. plessy v ferguson c. de jure d. separate but equal
b. pluralism
what intergroup relationship is represented by the "salad bowl" metaphor? a. assimilation b. pluralism c. amalgamation d. segregation
b. biased actions against an individual or group
what is discrimination? a. biased thoughts against an individual or group b. biased actions against an individual or group c. belief that a race different from yours is inferior d. another word for stereotyping
c. lack of power
what is the one defining feature of a minority group? a. self definition b. numerical minority c. lack of power d. strong cultural identity
d. they are the only group that did not come here as immigrants
what makes native americans unique as a subordinate group in the united states? a. they are the only group that experience expulsion b. they are the only group that was segregated c. they are the only group that was enslaved d. they are the only group that did not come here as immigrants
expulsion
when a dominant group forces a subordinate group to leave a certain area or even the country
racial steering
when real estate agents direct prospective homeowners toward or away from certain neighborhoods based on their race
a. the bracero program
which federal act or program was designed to allow more hispanic american immigration, not block it? a. the bracero program b. immigration reform and control act c. operation wetback d. sb 1070
c. genocide
which intergroup relation displays the least tolerance? a. segregation b. assimilation c. genocide d. expulsion
d. blacks under apartheid in south africa
which of the following is an example of a numerical majority being treated as a subordinate group? a. jewish people in germany b. creoles in new orleans c. white people in brazil d. blacks under apartheid in south africa
c. it does not need the actions of individuals to continue
which of the following is the best explanation of racism as a social fact? a. it needs to be eradicated by laws b. it is like a magic pill c. it does not need the actions of individuals to continue d. none of the above
b. asian americans
which subordinate group is often referred to as the "model minority"? a. african americans b. asian americans c. white ethnic americans d. native americans
the benefits people receive simply by being part of the dominant group
white privilege
d. a and b only
why did most white ethnic americans come to the united states? a. for a better life b. to escape oppression c. bc they were forced out of their own countries d. a and b only
b
3. Research indicates that individuals are aware of their sexual orientation _______. a. at infancy b. in early adolescence c. in early adulthood d. in late adulthood
b
4. A person who is biologically female but identifies with the male gender and has undergone surgery to alter her body is considered _______. a. transgendered b. transsexual c. a cross-dresser d. homosexual
d
5. Which of following is correct regarding the explanation for transgenderism? a. It is strictly biological and associated with chemical imbalances in the brain. b. It is a behavior that is learned through socializing with other transgendered individuals. c. It is genetic and usually skips one generation. d. Currently, there is no definitive explanation for transgenderism.
c
6. Which of the following is the best example of a gender stereotype? a. Women are typically shorter than men. b. Men do not live as long as women. c. Women tend to be overly emotional, while men tend to be levelheaded. d. Men hold more high-earning, leadership jobs than women.
c
7. Which of the following is the best example of the role peers play as an agent of socialization for school-aged children? a. Children can act however they wish around their peers because children are unaware of gender roles. b. Peers serve as a support system for children who wish to act outside of their assigned gender roles. c. Peers tend to reinforce gender roles by criticizing and marginalizing those who behave outside of their assigned roles. d. None of the above
b
8. To which theoretical perspective does the following statement most likely apply: Women continue to assume the responsibility in the household along with a paid occupation because it keeps the household running smoothly, i.e., at a state of balance? a. Conflict theory b. Functionalism c. Feminist theory d. Symbolic interactionism
b
9. Only women are affected by gender stratification. a. True b. False
According to the study cited by the U.S. Census Bureau, children who live with married parents grow up with more advantages than children who live with:
A single parent
Same-sex couple households account for____percent of Canadian households A) 1 B) 10 C) 15 D) 30
A) 1
An older woman retires and completely changes her life. She is no longer raising children or working. However, she joins the YWCA to swim every day. She serves on the Friends of the Library board. She is part of a neighbourhood group that plays Bunco on Saturday nights. Her situation most closely illustrates the A) Activity B) Continuity C) Disengagement D) Gerotranscendence
A) Activity
Slavery in the pre-Cival War American South most closely resemebled A) Chattel Slavery B) Debt Bondage C) Relative poverty D) Peonage
A) Chattel Slavery
Compared to most Western societies, U.S. sexual attitudes are considered? A) Conservative B) Liberal C) Permissive D) Free
A) Conservative
In Canada, life expectancy rates in recent decades have: A) Continues to gradually rise B) Gone up and down due to global issues such as military conflicts C) Lowered as health care improves D) Stayed the same since the mid-1960's
A) Continues to gradually rise
A_____ perspective theorist might find it particularly noteworthy that wealthy corporations improve the quality of life in peripheral nations by providing workers with jobs, pumping money into the local economy, and improving transportation infrastructure A) Fuctional B) Critical Sociology C) Feminist D) Symbolic Interactionist
A) Functional
Which theoretical perspective stresses the importance of regulating sexual behavior to ensure marital cohesion and family stability? A) Functionalism B) Conflict theory C) Symbolic interactionalism D) Queer Theory
A) Functionalism
______________is/are an individuals self-conception of being male or female based on his or her association with masculine or feminine gender roles A) Gender identity B) Gender Bias C) Sexual orientation D) Sexual attitudes
A) Gender identity
Sociologists tend to define family in terms of: A) how a given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoption B) The connection of bloodlines C) The status roles that exist in a family structure D) How closely members adhere to social norms
A) How a given society sanctions the relationship of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoptions
What is the primary driver of modernization theory A) Industrialization B) Aging C) Conflict D) Interactions
A) Industrialization
If a sociologist says that nations evolve toward more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success, she is using _______ theory to study the global economy. A) Modernization theory B) Dependency theory C) Globalization theory D) Evolutionary dependency theory
A) Modernization theory
In Erik Erikson's developmental stages of life, with which challenge must older people struggle? A) Overcoming despair to achieve integrity B) Overcoming role confusion to achieve identity C) Overcoming isolation to achieve intimacy D) Overcoming shame to achieve autonomy
A) Overcoming despair to achieve integrity
One flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize _______. A) That previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations B) That previously high-income nations such as China have been economically overpowered by low-income nations entering the global marketplace C) That countries such as China are growing more dependent on core nations D) That countries such as China do not necessarily want to be more like core nations
A) That previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations
The "greying effect of Canada" refers to: A) The increasing percentage of the population over 65 B) Faster aging due to stress C) Dissatisfaction with retirement plans D) Increased health problems such as Alzheimer's
A) The increasing percentage of the population over 65
The majority of Canadian children live in: A) Two-parent households B) One- parent households C) No-parent households D) Multigenerational households
A) Two-parent households
Children of divorced parents are___to divorce in their own marriage than children of parents who stayed married A) more likely B) less likely C) equally likely
A) more likely
Maya is a 12-year-old girl living in Thailand. She is homeless, and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat. We might say that Maya lives in _________ poverty.
Absolute
Maya is a 12-year-old girl living in Thailand. She is homeless, and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat. We might say that Maya lives in _________ poverty. A) Subjective B) Absolute C) Relative D) Global
B) Absolute
If elderly people suffer abuse it is most often perpetrated by: A) spouses B) Caregivers C) Lawyers D) Strangers
B) Caregivers
France might be classified as which kind of nation? A) Global B) Core C) Semi-Peripheral D) Peripheral
B) Core
A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories is using a _________ perspective to understand the global economy. A) Functional B) Critical Sociology C) Feminist D) Symbolic Interactionist
B) Critical Sociology
Only women are affected by gender stratification A) True B) False
B) Falst
To which theoretical perspective does the following statement most likely apply: Women continue to assume the responsibility in the household along with a paid occupation because it keeps the household running smoothly, i.e., at a state of balance? A) Conflict theory B) Functionalism C) Feminist theory D) Symbolic Interactionsim
B) Functionalism
The terms "masculine" and "feminine" refer to a person's _________. A) Sex B) Gender C) Both sex and gender D) None of the above
B) Gender
If a sociologist points out that corporate interests dominate the global economy, in part by creating global trade agreements and eliminating international tariffs that will inevitable favour the ability of capital to invest in low wage regions, he or she is a: A) Dependency theorist B) Globalization theorist C) Modernization theorist D) Symbolic interctionist
B) Globalization theorist
Research indicates that individuals are aware of their sexual orientation______ A) At infancy B) In early adolescence C) In early adulthood D) In late adulthood
B) In early adolescence
Which of the following is a criticism of the family life cycle model A) It is to broad and accounts for too many aspects of the family B) It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages C) It does not serve a practical purpose for studying family behaviour D) It is not based on comprehensive research
B) It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages
In most countries, elderly women____than elderly men A) Are mistreated less B) Live a few years longer C) Suffer fewer health problems D) Deal with issues of aging better
B) Live a few years long
Today in Canada the poverty rate of the elder is: A) increasing B) lower than at any point in history C) decreasing D) the same as that of the general population
B) Lower than at any point in history
Which type of child abuse is most prevalent in Canada? A) Physical abuse B) Neglect C) Shake-baby syndrome D) Internet Stalking
B) Neglet
The measure that compares the number o men to women in population is: A) Cohort B) Sex ration C) Baby boomer D) Disengagement
B) Sex ratio
Which action reflects ageism? A) Enabling World War II veterans to visit war memorials B) Speaking slowly and loudly when talking to someone over the age of 65 C) Believing that older people drive to slowly D) Living in a culture where elders are respected
B) Speaking slowly and loudly when talking to someone over the age of 65
Faith has a full-time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing: A) Global poverty B) Subjective poverty C) Absolute poverty D) Relative poverty
B) Subjective poverty
What Western country is thought to be the most liberal in its attitudes towards sex? A) United States B) Sweden C) Mexico D) Ireland
B) Sweden
A person who is biologically female but identifies with the male gender and has undergone surgery to alter her body is considered? A) Transgendered B) Transsexual C) A cross-dresser D) Homosexual
B) Transsexual
The ________ can be directly attributed to the digital divide, because differential ability to access the internet leads directly to a differential ability to use the knowledge found on the Internet. a. digital divide b. knowledge gap c. feminist perspective d. e-gap
B. knowledge gap
What is the approximate median age of Canada? A) 85 B) 65 C) 40 D) 24.7
C) 40
Which of the following is true of intimate partner violence A) IPV victims are more frequantly men than women B) one in 10 women is a victim of IPV C) Aboriginal women are nearly 2.5 times more likely to be a victim of IPV than non-Aboriginal women D) Rape is the most common form of IPV
C) Aboriginal women are 2.5 times more likely to be a victim of IPV than non-Aboriginal women
Research suggests that people generally feel that their culture family is ___than the family they grew up with A) Less close B) More close C) At least as close D) None of the above
C) At least as close
Which factor most increased the risk of an elderly person suffering mistreatment? A) Bereavement due to widowhood B) Having been abusive as a younger adult C) Being frail to the point of dependency on care D) The ability to bestow a large inheritance of survivors
C) Being frail to the point of dependency on care
Thanatology is the study of: A) Life expectancy B) Biological aging C) Death and dying D) Adulthood
C) Death and dying
In a B.CC town, a mining company owns all the stores and most of the houses. It sells goods to the workers at inflated prices, offers house rentals for twice what a mortgage would be, and makes sure to always pay workers less than they need to cover food and rent. Once the workers are in debt, they have to choice but to continue working for the company, since their skills will not transfer to a new position. This most closely resembels A) Child slavery B) Chattel slavery C) Debt slavery D) Servile marriage
C) Debt slavery
Who wrote the book On Death and Dying, outlining the five stages of grief? A) Ignatz Nascher B) Erik Erikson C) Elisabeth Kubler-Ross D) Carol Gilligan
C) Elisabeth Kubler-Ross
The median age of first marriage has____in the last 50 years? A) Increased for men but not women B) Decreased for men but not women C) Increased for both men and women D) Decreased for both men and women
C) Increased for both men and women
One flaw in modernization theory is the unwillingness to recognize _________. A) That semi-peripheral nations are incapable of industrializing B) That peripheral nations prevent semi-peripheral nations from entering the global market C) Its inherent ethnocentric bias D) The importance of semi-peripheral nations industrializing
C) Its inherent ethnocentric bias
Which of the following is the best example of the role peers play as an agent of socialization for school-aged children? A) Children can act however they wish around their peers because children are unaware of gender roles B) Peers serve as important systems for children who wish to act outside of their assigned gender roles C) Peers tend to reinforce gender roles by criticizing and marginalizing those who behave outside their assigned roles D) None of the above
C) Peers tend to reinforce gender roles by criticizing and marginalizing those who behave outside their assigned roles
A woman being married to two men would be an example of A) monogamy B) polygny C) polyandry D) Cohabitation
C) Polyandry
Canada's baby boomer generation has contributed to all the following except A) The financial vulnerability of the Canada and Quebec Pension Plans B) Improved medical technology C) The health care system being in danger of going bankrupt D) Rising health care budgets
C) Rising health care budgets
Which of the following is the best example of a gender stereotype? A) Women are typically shorter than men B) Men do not live as long as women C) Women tend to be overly emotional while men tend to be level-headed D) Men hold more high-earning leadership jobs than women
C) Women tend to be overly emotional while men tend to be level-headed
In general children in___households benefit from divorce A) stepfamily B) multigenerational C) high-conflict D) low-conflict
C) high-conflict
An older man retires from his job, stops golfing, and cancels his newspaper subscription. After his wife dies, he lives alone, loses touch with his children, and stops seeing old friends. His situation most closely illustrates the _______ theory. a. activity b. continuity c. disengagement d. gerotranscendence
C)Disengagement
In the past, the United States manufactured clothes. Many clothing corporations have shut down their American factories and relocated to China. This is an example of:
Capital flight
Slavery in the pre-Civil War American South most closely resembled
Chattel Slavery
A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories is using a _________ perspective to understand the global economy.
Conflict theory
France might be classified as which kind of nation?
Core
Dependency theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that:
Core nations exploit peripheral nations
Sociologist associate sexuality with? A)Heterosexuality B) Homosexuality C) Biological factors D) A persons capacity for sexual feelings
D) A persons capacity for sexual feelings
The end of the mandatory retirement counteracts which theory? A) Modernization B) Conflict C) Disengagement D) Age stratification
D) Age stratification
According to the symbolic interactionist perspective, we "do gender": A) During half of our activities B) Only when it applies to our biological sex C) Only if we are actively following gender roles D) All of the time, in everything we do
D) All of the time, in everything we do
In the past, Canada manufactured clothes. Many clothing corporations have shut down their Canadian factories and relocated to China. This is an example of A) Conflict theory B) OECD C) Global Inequality D) Capital flight
D) Capital Flight
Dependency theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that: A) Core nations and peripheral nations exploit semi-peripheral nations B) Semi-peripheral nations exploit core nations C) Peripheral nations exploit core nations D) Core nations exploit peripheral nations
D) Core nations exploit peripheral nations
Which of the following is correct regarding the explanation for transgenderism? A) It is strictly biological and associated with chemical imbalances in the brain B) It is a behaviour that is learned through socializing with other transgendered individuals C) It is genetic and usually skips one generation D) Currently there is no definitive explanation for transgenderism
D) Currently there is no definitive explanation for transgenderism
Which assertion about aging in men would be made by a sociologist following the functionalist perspective? A) Men view balding as representative of a loss of strength B) Men tend to have better retirement plans than women C) Men have life expectancys three to five years shorter than women D) Men who remain active after retirement play supportive community roles
D) Men who remain active after retirement play supportive community roles
A child who associates his line of descent with his father's side only is part of a ____society A) Matrilocal B) Bilateral C) Matrillineal D) Patrillineal
D) Patrillineal
Mike, a college student, rents a studio apartment. He cannot afford a television and lives on cheap groceries like dried beans and ramen noodles. Since he does not have a regular job, he does not own a car. Mike is living in: A) Global poverty B) Absolute poverty C) Subjective poverty D) Relative poverty
D) Relative poverty
Current divorce rates are: a. at an all-time high b. at an all-time low c. steadily increasing d. steadily declining
D) Steadily declining
For Individual people of a certain culture, the life course is... A) The average age they will die B) The lessons they must learn C) The length of a typical bereavement period D) The typical sequence of events in their lives
D) The typical sequence of the events in their lives
One flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize _______.
That previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations
Which of the following is not a risk of media globalization? A. The creation of cultural and ideological biases B. The creation of local monopolies C. The risk of cultural imperialism D. The loss of local culture
The creation of local monopolies
d. any of the above
The racial term "African American" can refer to: a. a black person living in america b. people whose ancestors came to america through slave trade c. a white person who originated in africa and now lives in the united states d. any of the above
A sociologist working from a symbolic interaction perspective would
Want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis
Which federal act or program was designed to allow more Hispanic American immigration, not block it? a. The Bracero Program b. Immigration Reform and Control Act c. Operation Wetback d. SB 1070
a (The Bracero Program)
Amalgamation is represented by the _____________ metaphor. a. melting pot b. Statue of Liberty c. salad bowl d. separate but equal
a (melting pot)
evolutionary model of technological change
a breakthrough in one form of technology that leads to a number of variations, from which a prototype emerges, followed by a period of slight adjustments to the technology, interrupted by a breakthrough
panoptic surveillance
a form of constant monitoring in which the observation posts are decentralized and the observed is never communicated with directly
subordinate groups
a group of people who have less power than the dominant group
dominant group
a group of people who have more power in a society than any of the subordinate groups
media consolidation
a process by which fewer and fewer owners control the majority of media outlets
racism
a set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices that are used to justify the belief that one racial category is somehow superior or inferior to others
oligopoly
a situation in which a few firms dominate a marketplace
The government of __________ blocks citizens' access to popular new media sites like Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter. a. China b. India c. Afghanistan d. Australia
a. China
What is the one defining feature of a minority group? Select one: a. Lack of Power b. Strong Cultural Identity c. Self Definition d. Numerical Minority
a. Lack of Power
What doctrine justified legal segregation in the South? Select one: a. Separate but equal b. Plessey v. Ferguson c. De jure d. Jim Crow
a. Separate but equal
Which country serves as an example of convergence? a. Singapore b. North Korea c. England d. Canada
a. Singapore
Which federal act or program was designed to allow more Hispanic American immigration, not block it? a. The Bracero Program b. Immigration Reform and Control Act c. Operation Wetback d. SB 1070
a. The Bracero Program
Which of the following is not a form of new media? a. The cable television program Dexter b. Wikipedia c. Facebook d. A cooking blog written by Rachael Ray
a. The cable television program Dexter
If someone does not earn enough money to pay for the essentials of life he or she is said to be _____ poor. a. absolutely b. essentially c. really d. working
a. absolutely
Slavery in the pre-Civil War U.S. South most closely resembled a. chattel slavery b. debt bondage c. relative poverty d. peonage
a. chattel slavery
compared to most western societies, american sexual attitudes are considered: a. conservative b. liberal c. permissive d. free
a. conservative
A ___ perspective theorist might find it particularly noteworthy that wealthy corporations improve the quality of life in peripheral nations by providing workers with jobs, pumping money into the local economy, and improving transportation infrastructure. a. functional b. conflict c. feminist d. symbolic interactionist
a. functional
which theoretical perspective stresses the importance of regulating sexual behavior to ensure marital cohesion and family stability? a. functionalism b. conflict theory c. symbolic interactionism d. queer theory
a. functionalism
When all media sources report a simplified version of the environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing, with no effort to convey the hard science and complicated statistical data behind the story, ___________ is probably occurring. a. gatekeeping b. the digital divide c. technophilia d. market segmentation
a. gatekeeping
-- is/are an individual's self conception of being male or female based on his or her association with masculine or feminine gender roles. a. gender identity b. gender bias c. sexual orientation d. sexual attitudes
a. gender identity
the history of technology began _________. a. in the early stages of human societies b. with the invention of the computer c. during the Renaissance d. during the nineteenth century
a. in the early stages of human societies
. Comic books, Wikipedia, MTV, and a commercial for Coca-Cola are all examples of: a. media b. symbolic interaction perspective c. e-readiness d. the digital divid
a. media
Amalgamation is represented by the _____________ metaphor. a. melting pot b. Statue of Liberty c. salad bowl d. separate but equal
a. melting pot
If a sociologist says that nations evolve toward more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success, she is using ___ theory to study the global economy. a. modernization theory b. dependency theory c. modern dependency theory d. evolutionary dependency theory
a. modernization theory
In the mid-90s, the U.S. government grew concerned that Microsoft was a _______________, exercising disproportionate control over the available choices and prices of computers. a. monopoly b. conglomerate c. oligopoly d. technological globalization
a. monopoly
Among the reasons socialism never developed into a political movement in the United States was that trade unions _________. a. secured workers' rights b. guaranteed health care c. broke up monopolies d. diversified the workforce
a. secured workers' rights
The use of Facebook to create an online persona by only posting images that match your ideal self exemplifies the_____________ that can occur in forms of new media. a. social construction of reality b. cyberfeminism c. market segmentation d. referencing
a. social construction of reality
Which of the following is not a risk of media globalization? a. The creation of cultural and ideological biases b. The creation of local monopolies c. The risk of cultural imperialism d. The loss of local culture
b. The creation of local monopolies
Maya is a twelve-year-old girl living in Thailand. She is homeless, and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat. We might say that Maya lives in ___ poverty. a. subjective b. absolute c. relative d. global
b. absolute
according to national surveys, most american parents support which type of sex education program in school? a. abstinence only b. abstinence plus sexual safety c. sexual safety without promoting abstinence d. no sex education
b. abstinence plus sexual safety
A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories is using a ___ perspective to understand the global economy. a. functional b. conflict theory c. feminist d. symbolic interactionist
b. conflict theory
Which of these is an example of a commodity? a. A restaurant meal b. Corn c. A college lecture d. A book, blog entry, or magazine article
b. corn
If a sociologist points out that core nations dominate the global economy, in part by creating global interest rates and international tariffs that will inevitably favor high-income nations over low-income nations, he is a: a. functionalist b. dependency theorist c. modernization theorist d. symbolic interactionist
b. dependency theorist
Scapegoat theory shows that: a. subordinate groups blame dominant groups for their problems b. dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems c. some people are predisposed to prejudice d. all of the above
b. dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems
to which theoretical perspective does the following statement most likely apply: women continue to assume the responsibility in the household along with a paid occupation bc it keeps the household running smoothly, in a state of balance? a. conflict theory b. functionalism c. feminist theory d. symbolic interactionism
b. functionalism
the terms masculine and feminine refer to a person's --. a. sex b. gender c. sex and gender d. none of the above
b. gender
One reason critics oppose globalization is that it: a. has positive impacts on world trade b. has negative impacts on the environment c. concentrates wealth in the poorest countries d. has negative impacts on political stability
b. has negative impacts on the environment
research indicates that individuals are aware of their sexual orientation --. a. at infancy b. in early adolescence c. in early adulthood d. in late adulthood
b. in early adolescence
The type of socialism now carried on by Russia is a form of ______ socialism. a. centrally planned b. market c. utopian d. zero-sum
b. market
If the U.S. Patent Office were to issue a patent for a new type of tomato that tastes like a jellybean, it would be issuing a _________ patent? a. utility patent b. plant patent c. design patent d. The U.S. Patent Office does not issue a patent for plants
b. plant patent
Speedy Gonzalez is an example of: a. intersection theory b. stereotyping c. interactionist view d. culture of prejudice
b. stereotyping
Faith has a full-time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing: a. global poverty b. subjective poverty c. absolute poverty d. relative poverty
b. subjective poverty
what western country is thought to be the most liberal in its attitude towards sex? a. united states b. sweden c. mexico d. ireland
b. sweden
When Japanese scientists develop a new vaccine for swine flu and offer that technology to U.S. pharmaceutical companies, __________ has taken place. a. media globalization b. technological diffusion c. monetizing d. planned obsolescence
b. technological diffusion
. _________ tend to be more pro-technology, while _______ view technology as a symbol of the coldness of modern life. a. Luddites; technophiles b. technophiles; Luddites c. cyberfeminists; technophiles d. liberal feminists; conflict theorists
b. technophiles; Luddite
a person who is biologically female but identifies with the male gender and has undergone surgery to alter her body is considered --. a. transgendered b. transsexual c. a cross-dresser d. homosexual
b. transsexual
prejudice
biased thought based on flawed assumptions about a group of people
the act of entering into marriage while still married to another person
bigamy
the tracing of kinship through both parents' ancestral lines
bilateral descent
Which intergroup relation displays the least tolerance? a. Segregation b. Assimilation c. Genocide d. Expulsion
c (Genocide)
Many Arab Americans face _______________, especially after 9/11. a. racism b. segregation c. Islamophobia d. prejudice
c (Islamophobia)
Which of the following is the best explanation of racism as a social fact? a. It needs to be eradicated by laws. b. It is like a magic pill. c. It does not need the actions of individuals to continue. d. None of the above
c (It does not need the actions of individuals to continue.)
What is the one defining feature of a minority group? a. Self-definition b. Numerical minority c. Lack of power d. Strong cultural identity
c (Lack of power)
As a Caucasian in the United States, being reasonably sure that you will be dealing with authority figures of the same race as you is a result of: a. intersection theory b. conflict theory c. white privilege d. scapegoating theory
c (white privilege)
Jerome is able to use the Internet to select reliable sources for his research paper, but Charlie just copies large pieces of web pages and pastes them into his paper. Jerome has _____________ while Charlie does not. a. a functional perspective b. the knowledge gap c. e-readiness d. a digital divide
c. . e-readiness
About what percentage of the workforce in the United States are legal immigrants? a. Less than 1% b. 1% c. 16% d. 66%
c. 16%
Which intergroup relation displays the least tolerance? Select one: a. Expulsion b. Assimilation c. Genocide d. Segregation
c. Genocide
Which intergroup relation displays the least tolerance? a. Segregation b. Assimilation c. Genocide d. Expulsion
c. Genocide
Many Arab Americans face _______________, especially after 9/11. a. racism b. segregation c. Islamophobia d. prejudice
c. Islamophobia
Which of the following is the best explanation of racism as a social fact? a. It needs to be eradicated by laws. b. It is like a magic pill. c. It does not need the actions of individuals to continue. d. None of the above
c. It does not need the actions of individuals to continue.
When it comes to technology, media, and society, which of the following is true? a. Media can influence technology, but not society. b. Technology created media, but society has nothing to do with these. c. Technology, media, and society are bound and cannot be separated. d. Society influences media but is not connected to technology.
c. Technology, media, and society are bound and cannot be separated.
In a U.S. town, a mining company owns all the stores and most of the houses. It sells goods to the workers at inflated prices, offers house rentals for twice what a mortgage would be, and makes sure to always pay the workers less than needed to cover food and rent. Once the workers are in debt, they have no choice but to continue working for the company, since their skills will not transfer to a new position. This situation most closely resembles: a. child slavery b. chattel slavery c. debt slavery d. servile marriage
c. debt slavery
Which is evidence that the United States workforce is largely a meritocracy? a. Job opportunities are increasing for highly skilled jobs. b. Job opportunities are decreasing for midlevel jobs. c. Highly skilled jobs pay better than low-skill jobs. d. Women tend to make less than men do for the same job.
c. highly skilled jobs pay better than low-skill jobs
What is the most important commodity in a postindustrial society? a. Electricity b. Money c. Information d. Computers
c. information
One flaw in modernization theory is the unwillingness to recognize ___. a. that semi-peripheral nations are incapable of industrializing b. that peripheral nations prevent semi-peripheral nations from entering the global market c. its inherent ethnocentric bias d. the importance of semi-peripheral nations industrializing
c. its inherent ethnocentric bias
Which is an economic policy based on national policies of accumulating silver and gold by controlling markets with colonies and other countries through taxes and customs charges? a. capitalism b. Communism c. Mercantilism d. Mutualism
c. mercantilism
which of the following is the best example of the role peers play as an agent of socialization for school-aged children? a. children can act however they wish around their peers because children are unaware of gender roles b. peers serve as a support system for children who wish to act outside of their assigned gender roles c. peers tend to reinforce gender roles by criticizing and marginalizing those who behave outside their assigned roles d. none of the above
c. peers tend to reinforce gender roles by criticizing and marginalizing those who behave outside their assigned roles
When it comes to media and technology, a functionalist would focus on: a. the symbols created and reproduced by the media b. the association of technology and technological skill with men c. the way that various forms of media socialize users d. the digital divide between the technological haves and have-nots
c. the way that various forms of media socialize users
When did the first economies begin to develop? a. When all the hunter-gatherers died b. When money was invented c. When people began to grow crops and domesticate animals d. When the first cities were built
c. when people began to grow crops and domesticate animals
As a Caucasian in the United States, being reasonably sure that you will be dealing with authority figures of the same race as you is a result of: a. intersection theory b. conflict theory c. white privilege d. scapegoating theory
c. white privilege
which of the following is the best example of a gender stereotype? a. women are typically shorter than men b. men do not live as long as women c. women tend to be overly emotional, while men tend to be levelheaded d. men hold more high earning, level headed jobs than women
c. women tend to be overly emotional, while men tend to be levelheaded
when a couple shares a residence but is not married
cohabitation
theoretical perspective that believes that men are dominant and women are subordinate
conflict theory
theoretical perspective that believes that we cannot separate the effects of race, class, gender, sexual orientation
conflict theory
theoretical perspective that believes that when women start earning wages, they gain power
conflict theory
theoretical perspective that compares the husband-wife relationship to a owner-worker relationship
conflict theory
theoretical perspective that thinks education preserves the status quo
conflict theory
theoretical perspective that thinks education reinforces the differences between class, gender, race, and ethnicity
conflict theory
theoretical perspective that thinks that family is just an area in which power struggles occur
conflict theory
theoretical perspective that thinks that society is a struggle for dominance among social groups to compete for scarce resources
conflict theory
the emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualifications
credentialism
cultural knowledge that serves (metaphorically) as currency to help one navigate a culture
cultural capital
the way people come to learn the values, beliefs, and social norms of their culture
cultural transmission
the theory that prejudice is embedded in our culture
culture of prejudice
Which of the following is an example of a numerical majority being treated as a subordinate group? a. Jewish people in Germany b. Creoles in New Orleans c. White people in Brazil d. Blacks under apartheid in South Africa
d (Blacks under apartheid in South Africa)
What doctrine justified legal segregation in the South? a. Jim Crow b. Plessy v. Ferguson c. De jure d. Separate but equal
d (Separate but equal)
What makes Native Americans unique as a subordinate group in the United States? a. They are the only group that experienced expulsion. b. They are the only group that was segregated. c. They are the only group that was enslaved. d. They are the only group that did not come here as immigrants.
d (They are the only group that did not come here as immigrants.)
Why did most white ethnic Americans come to the United States? a. For a better life b. To escape oppression c. Because they were forced out of their own countries d. a and b only
d (a and b only)
Stereotypes can be based on: a. race b. ethnicity c. gender d. all of the above
d (all of the above)
Ethnicity describes shared: a. beliefs b. language c. religion d. any of the above
d (any of the above)
The racial term "African American" can refer to: a. a black person living in the United States b. people whose ancestors came to the United States through the slave trade c. a white person who originated in Africa and now lives in the United States d. any of the above
d (any of the above)
Which of the following is the primary component of the evolutionary model of technological change? a. Technology should not be subject to patenting. b. Technology and the media evolve together. c. Technology can be traced back to the early stages of human society. d. A breakthrough in one form of technology leads to a number of variations, and technological developments
d. A breakthrough in one form of technology leads to a number of variations, and technological developments
Which subordinate group is often referred to as the "model minority?" Select one: a. Native Americans b. White ethnic Americans c. African Americans d. Asian Americans
d. Asian Americans
Which of the following is an example of a numerical majority being treated as a subordinate group? a. Jewish people in Germany b. Creoles in New Orleans c. White people in Brazil d. Blacks under Apartheid in South Africa
d. Blacks under Apartheid in South Africa
What doctrine justified legal segregation in the South? a. Jim Crow b. Plessey v. Ferguson c. De jure d. Separate but equal
d. Separate but equal
What makes Native Americans unique as a subordinate group in the United States? a. They are the only group that experienced expulsion. b. They are the only group that was segregated. c. They are the only group that was enslaved. d. They are the only group that did not come here as immigrants.
d. They are the only group that did not come here as immigrants.
Why did most white ethnic Americans come to the United States? a. For a better life b. To escape oppression c. Because they were forced out of their own countries d. a and b only
d. a and b only
sociologist associate sexuality with: a. heterosexuality b. homosexuality c. biological factors d. a person's capacity for sexual feelings
d. a person's capacity for sexual feelings
Stereotypes can be based on: a. race b. ethnicity c. gender d. all of the above
d. all of the above
according to the symbolic interactionist perspective, we "do gender": a. during half of our activities b. only when they apply to our biological sex c. only if we are actively following gender roles d. all of the time, in everything we do
d. all of the time, in everything we do
In the past, the United States manufactured clothes. Many clothing corporations have shut down their U.S. factories and relocated to China. This is an example of: a. conflict theory b. OECD c. global inequality d. capital flight
d. capital flight
Dependency theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that: a. core nations and peripheral nations exploit semi-peripheral nations b. semi-peripheral nations exploit core nations c. peripheral nations exploit core nations d. core nations exploit peripheral nations
d. core nations exploit peripheral nations
which of the following is correct regarding the explanation of transgenderism? a. it is strictly biological and associated with chemical imbalances in the brain b. it is a behavior that is learned through socializing with other transgendered individuals c. it is genetic and usually skips one generation d. currently, there is no definitive explanation for transgenderism
d. currently, there is no definitive explanation for transgenderism
All of the following are characteristics of global cities, except: a. headquarter multinational corporations b. exercise significant international political influence c. host headquarters of international NGOs d. host influential philosophers
d. host influential philosophers
Which of the following is not an aspect of globalization? a. Integrating governments through international trade b. Integrating cultures through international trade c. Integrating finance through international trade d. Integrating child care through international trade
d. integrating child care through international trade
The movie Babel featured an international cast and was filmed on location in various nations. When it screened in theaters worldwide, it introduced a number of ideas and philosophies about cross-cultural connections. This might be an example of: a. technology b. conglomerating c. symbolic interaction d. media globalization
d. media globalization
. A parent secretly monitoring the babysitter through the use of GPS, site blocker, and nanny cam is a good example of: a. the social construction of reality b. technophilia c. a neo-Luddite d. panoptic surveillance
d. panoptic surveillance
The fact that your cell phone is using outdated technology within a year or two of purchase is an example of ____________. a. the conflict perspective b. conspicuous consumption c. media d. planned obsolescence
d. planned obsolescence
The fact that your cell phone is using outdated technology within a year or two of purchase is an example of ____________. A. The conflict perspective B. Conspicuous consumption C. Media D. Planned obsolescence
d. planned obsolescence
In which sector of an economy would someone working as a software developer be? a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. Quaternary
d. quaternary
theoretical perspective that thinks we are doing gender all the time 24/7
symbolic interactionism
A sociologist working from a symbolic interaction perspective would: A) Study how inequality is created and reproduced B) Study how corporations improve the lives of their low-income workers. C) Try to understand how companies provide an advantage to high-income nations compared to low-income nations D) Want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day to day basis
D) Want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to day basis
According to the study cited from Statistics Canada, children who live with____grow up with more advantages than children who live with___: A) on unwed parent, one divorced parent B) One divorced parent, two married parents C) One grandparent; two married parents D) One divorced parent, one unwed parent
D) one divorced parent; one unwed parent
In an American town, a mining company owns all the stores and most of the houses. They sell goods to the workers at inflated prices, offer house rentals for twice what a mortgage would be, and make sure to always pay the workers less than needed to cover food and rent. Once the workers are in debt, they have no choice but to continue working for the company, since their skills will not transfer to a new position. This most closely resembles:
Debt slavery
If a sociologist points out that core nations dominate the global economy, in part by creating global interest rates and international tariffs that will inevitably favor high-income nations over low-income nations, he is a:
Dependency theory
d. any of the above
Ethnicity describes shared a. beliefs b. language c. religion d. any of the above
A ____________ perspective theorist might find it particularly noteworthy that wealthy corporations improve the quality of life in peripheral nations by providing workers with jobs, pumping money into the local economy, and improving transportation infrastructure.
Functional
Which of the following is a criticism of the family life cycle model?
It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages.
One flaw in modernization theory is the unwillingness to recognize _________.
Its inherent ethnocentric bias
If a sociologist says that nations evolve towards more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success, she is using _______ theory to study the global economy.
Modernization theory
Which of the following is true of intimate partner violence (IPV)?
Nearly half of instances of IPV involve drugs or alcohol.
Which type of child abuse is most prevalent in the United States?
Neglect
Mike, a college student, rents a studio apartment. He cannot afford a television and lives on cheap groceries like dried beans and ramen noodles. Since he does not have a regular job, he does not own a car. Mike is living in:
Relative poverty
Faith has a full-time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing:
Subjective Poverty
When it comes to technology, media, and society, which of the following is true? A. Media can influence technology, but not society. B. Technology created media, but society has nothing to do with these. C. Technology, media, and society are bound and cannot be separated. D. Society influences media but is not connected to technology.
Technology, media, and society are bound and cannot be separated.
One flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize ___. a. that previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations b. that previously high-income nations such as China have been economically overpowered by low-income nations entering the global marketplace c. that countries such as China are growing more dependent on core nations d. that countries such as China do not necessarily want to be more like core nations
a. that previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations
Ben lost his job when General Motors closed U.S. factories and opened factories in Mexico. Now, Ben is very antiimmigration and campaigns for large-scale deportation of Mexican nationals, even though, logically, their presence does not harm him and their absence will not restore his job. Ben might be experiencing _____________. a. xenophobia b. global commodity chains c. xenophilia d. global assembly line
a. xenophobia
new media
all interactive forms of information exchange
media
all print, digital, and electronic means of communication
the process by which a minority group and a majority group combine to form a new group
amalgamation
a. melting pot
amalgamation is represented by the -- metaphor. a. melting pot b. statue of liberty c. salad bowl d. separate but equal
a type of unilateral descent that follows either the father's or the mother's side exclusively
ambilineal
minority group
any group of people who are singled out from the others for differential and unequal treatment
c. white privilege
as a caucasian in the united states, being reasonably sure that you will be dealing with authority figures of the same race as you is a result of: a. intersection theory b. conflict theory c. white privilege d. scapegoating theory
the process by which a minority individual or group takes on the characteristics of the dominant culture
assimilation
Research suggests that people generally feel that their current family is _______ than the family they grew up with.
at least as close
Which subordinate group is often referred to as the "model minority?" a. African Americans b. Asian Americans c. White ethnic Americans d. Native Americans
b (Asian Americans)
What is discrimination? a. Biased thoughts against an individual or group b. Biased actions against an individual or group c. Belief that a race different from yours is inferior d. Another word for stereotyping
b (Biased actions against an individual or group)
What intergroup relationship is represented by the "salad bowl" metaphor? a. Assimilation b. Pluralism c. Amalgamation d. Segregation
b (pluralism)
Speedy Gonzalez is an example of: a. intersection theory b. stereotyping c. interactionist view d. culture of prejudice
b (stereotyping)
Scapegoat theory shows that: a. subordinate groups blame dominant groups for their problems b. dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems c. some people are predisposed to prejudice d. all of the above
b. (dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems)
Which subordinate group is often referred to as the "model minority?" a. African Americans b. Asian Americans c. White ethnic Americans d. Native Americans
b. Asian Americans
What is discrimination? a. Biased thoughts against an individual or group b. Biased actions against an individual or group c. Belief that a race different from yours is inferior d. Another word for stereotyping
b. Biased actions against an individual or group
France might be classified as which kind of nation? a. Global b. Core c. Semi-peripheral d. Peripheral
b. Core
What intergroup relationship is represented by the "salad bowl" metaphor? a. Assimilation b. Pluralism c. Amalgamation d. Segregation
b. Pluralism
A sociologist working from a symbolic interaction perspective would: a. study how inequality is created and reproduced b. study how corporations can improve the lives of their low-income workers c. try to understand how companies provide an advantage to high-income nations compared to low-income nations d. want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis
d. want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis
prejudiced action against a group of people
discrimination
when people perform tasks based upon the gender assigned to them by society and, in turn, themselves
doing gender
a group of people who have more power in a society than any of the subordinate groups
dominant group
concept that prohibits premarital sexual intercourse for women but allows it for men
double standard
a social institution through which a society's children are taught basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms
education
shared culture, which may include heritage, language, religion, and more
ethnicity
when a dominant group forces a subordinate group to leave a certain area or even the country
expulsion
a household that includes at least one parent and child as well as other relatives like grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins
extended family
only women are affected by gender stratification true or false
false
socially recognized groups of individuals who may be joined by blood, marriage, or adoption and who form an emotional connection and an economic unit of society
family
a sociological model of family that sees the progression of events as fluid rather than as occurring in strict stages
family life course
a set of predictable steps and patterns families experience over time
family life cycle
the family into which one is born
family of orientation
a family that is formed through marriage
family of procreation
the learning of academic facts and concepts
formal education
When all media sources report a simplified version of the environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing, with no effort to convey the hard science and complicated statistical data behind the story, ___________ is probably occurring. A. Gatekeeping B. The digital divide C. Technophilia D. Market segmentation
gatekeeping
a term that refers to social or cultural distinctions of behaviors that are considered male or female
gender
an individual's sense of being either masculine or feminine
gender identity
society's concept of how men and women should behave
gender role
the deliberate annihilation of a targeted (usually subordinate) group
genocide
When Japanese scientists develop a new vaccine for swine flu and offer that technology to U.S. pharmaceutical companies, __________ has taken place. A. Media globalization B. Technological diffusion C. Monetizing D. Planned obsolescence
technological diffusion
pluralism
represented by the ideal of the United States as a "salad bowl:" a mixture of different cultures where each culture retains its own identity and yet adds to the "flavor" of the whole
suggests that the dominant group will displace its unfocused aggression onto a subordinate group
scapegoat theory
b. dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems
scapegoat theory shows that: a. subordinate groups blame dominant groups for their problems b. dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems c. some people are predisposed to prejudice d. all of the above
the physical separation of two groups, particularly in residence, but also in workplace and social functions
segregation
a term that denotes the presence of physical or physiological differences between males and females
sex
the prejudiced belief that one sex should be valued over another
sexism
a person's emotional and sexual attraction to a particular sex (male or female)
sexual orientation
what are the four functions of family for society?
sexual, reproductive, educational, economic
a person's capacity for sexual feelings
sexuality
a group of medical symptoms such as brain swelling and retinal hemorrhage resulting from forcefully shaking or impacting an infant's head
shaken-baby syndrome
ethnicity
shared culture, which may include heritage, language, religion, and more
Couples who cohabitate before marriage are ______ couples who did not cohabitate before marriage to be married at least ten years.
slightly less likely than
the school of thought that race is not biologically identifiable
social construction of race
The use of Facebook to create an online persona by only posting images that match your ideal self exemplifies the ______ that can occur in forms of new media. A. Social construction of reality B. Cyberfeminism C. Market segmentation D. Referencing
social construction of reality
the use of education to improve one's social standing
social placement
classifying students based on academic merit or potential
sorting
b. stereotyping
speedy gonzalez is an example of: a. intersection theory b. stereotyping c. interactionist view d. culture of prejudice
Current divorce rates are:
steadily declining
oversimplified ideas about groups of people
stereotypes
d. all of the above
stereotypes can be based on: a. race b. ethnicity c. gender d. all of the above
theoretical perspective that believe families stabilize society
structural functionalism
theoretical perspective that changed their perspective on gender after World War II
structural functionalism
theoretical perspective that thinks education is for the manifest and latent functions
structural functionalism
theoretical perspective that thinks race inequalities are important because they have existed for along time
structural functionalism
theoretical perspective that thinks that parents are important because they teach children gender roles
structural functionalism
theoretical perspective that thinks that the dominant group always gets positive effects from racism and such
structural functionalism
theoretical perspective that thought that women should stay in the house while men go out
structural functionalism
theoretical perspective that through that women had to work while men were at war
structural functionalism
a group of people who have less power than the dominant group
subordinate group
scapegoat theory
suggests that the dominant group will displace its unfocused aggression onto a subordinate group
theoretical perspective that thinks marriage and family are symbols of respect and compassion
symbolic interactionism
theoretical perspective that thinks of race and ethnicity as strong symbols of identity
symbolic interactionism
theoretical perspective that thinks that education just chooses who has power through labeling
symbolic interactionism
theoretical perspective that thinks that gender changes the way we interact with someone
symbolic interactionism
theoretical perspective that thinks that racial prejudice is formed through interactions between members of the dominant group
symbolic interactionism