Chapter 10 (US History)

What conflict triggered the war between Russia and Japan?

The conflict that triggered the war between Russia and Japan was the conflict over the control of Korea. Japan won many battles, however they were on a low for men and money so they asked President Roosevelt to mediate.

Sanford B. Dole

head of new government when Queen Liliuokalani was overthrown

Foraker Act

in puerto rico, ended military rule and set up a civil government

Queen Liliuokalani

last monarch of Hawaii (final year 1893)

Francisco "Pancho" Villa

leader of a mexican rebellion

Open Door notes

series of policy statements***

William Seward

supporter of American expansion, secretary of state, got America Alaska

Many anti-imperialists worried that imperialism might threaten the American democratic system. How might this happen?

Anti-imperialist worried that imperialism might threaten the American democratic system because their ideas and very strong and could greatly impact America and other nations. They could make other countries weaker and the government could become more powerful. Once they become powerful, they may bend rule or do what is best to get even more control.

Treaty of Paris

Spain and US make a treaty in Paris; Spain freed cuba, handed over Puerto Rico, and sold the Philippines for $20 million

Manifest Destiny greatly influenced American policy during the first half of the 19th century. How do you think manifest destiny set the stage for American imperialism at the end of the century?

The Manifest Destiny greatly influenced American policy because it showed people what they needed. People were having economic problems so they moved to the west, it allowed for expansion and was an attraction for the people. It set imperialism because expanding gave people more power, there were more markets, more merchants, and more space. The power grew leading to imperialism.

protectorate

affairs are partially controlled by a higher power

dollar diplomacy

US policy that uses the nation's economic power to exert influence over others

Explain the key difference between Woodrow Wilson's moral diplomacy and Teddy Roosevelt's "big stick" diplomacy.

The key difference between Woodrow Wilson's moral diplomacy and Teddy Roosevelt's "big stick" diplomacy was that position with Latin America. Roosevelt helped Latin America by keeping European countries out of the affairs and protecting their economy (concerning America). Wilson wanted nothing to do with Latin America, his diplomacy had the moral responsibility to deny their recognition.

What three factors spurred American imperialism?

Three factors that spurred American imperialism was wanting military strength, wanting for new markets, and belief in cultural superiority.

yellow journalism

over exaggerated writing that got the attention of american's and made them enraged

In the following passage, how does Indiana Senator Albert J. Beveridge explain the need for the U.S. to acquire new territories? "Fate has written our policy for use; the trade of the world must and shall be ours...We will establish trading posts throughout the world as distributing points for American products...Great colonies governing themselves, flying our flag and trading with us, will grow about our posts of trade."

Albert J. Beveridge explain that the US needs to acquire new territories in many ways. He says that we need to expand trade and when doing this we would distribute american products. As we impact trade we could possibly take over and gain power because he says "flying OUR flag"

Why was American opinion about Cuban independence divided?

American opinion about Cuban independence was divided because they were being hurt, but were also hurting. They wanted their independence from Spain, but were not strong enough so their revolts would fail. America felt bad about the situation, however José Martí launched a revolution in New York and began destroying American properties.

Why is the construction of the Panama Canal considered one of the world's greatest engineering feats?

Construction of the Panama Canal is considered the world's greatest engineer feats because the workers had to deal with disease such as yellow fever and malaria. There were about 43,400 workers and over 5,600 of them had died due to the diseases, soft volcanic soil, or from the dangers of the job.

John J. Pershing

General who was ordered to capture Panch

Show some of the similarities and differences between Jose Marti and Emilio Aguinaldo.

Martí: -Cuban -poet and journalist Aguinaldo: -Filippine -leader Both -rebels -had many followers -against America

How did Queen Liliuokalani's main goal conflict with American imperialists' goals?

Queen Liliuokalani's main goal was to get rid of the property owning qualifications for voting, this was part of her "Hawaii for Hawaiians" plan. The imperialists' wanted the markets and business so they organized a revolution and overthrew the Queen. ANNEXATION.

In 1898 Theodore Roosevelt resigned his post as Assistant Secretary of the Navy to organize the Rough Riders. Why do you think Roosevelt was willing to take this risk? How do you think this decision affected his political career?

Roosevelt was willing to take this risk because he knew that something good would come out of it. The Rough Riders were successful with their victory from battle and he was known as a hero. This affected his political career greatly because it showed that not only could he do his job at assistant secretary but he could also make something and succeed, making him a favorable person.

How did American rule of Puerto Rico harm Puerto Ricans? How did it help Puerto Ricans? Do you think the benefits outweighed the harmful effects? Why or why not?

The American rule of Puerto Rico hurt them Puerto Ricans because they were not an independent nation and those like Luis Munoz Rivera were determined to fight for it. However, we also helped them by providing protection for the people and the property and eventually allowing them to have a say in government. I believe the benefits outweighed the harms because it could be possible that they would have affairs with other countries and might go back to strict rule, but instead they were safer than they could have been.

What three key beliefs about America's industrial capitalist economy were reflected in the Open Door Policy?

The Open Door Policy reflected three believes. The first, the belief that economic growth depended on exports. Another, that US had a right to intervene to other countries to keep foreign markets open. Lastly, that's closing of an area to American products, citizens, or idea could endanger the survival of the US

How was U.S. policy toward China different from U.S. policy toward the Philippines? To what can you attribute the difference?

The Philippine policy was similar to the Puerto Rican one, the US choose a governor, who would choose upper house of legislature and the Filipinos chose the lower house. The China policy was the Open Door Policy, because America didn't want European countries to take more control after their victory. I feel that America realized how similar the Philippine situation was to Spain and Cuba, since they had control over them, they treated them the same way as the Puerto Rican because it was fair. Also for the Chinese, they really needed some protection from the Europeans so American decided that policy for them.

Briefly describe the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898.

The Treaty of Paris of 1898 settled with Spain was freeing Cuba, turning the Island of Guam and Puerto Rico to America, and selling the Philippines to America for $20 million.

Why was the U.S. interested in events in Puerto Rico?

The US was interested in events occurring in Puerto Rico because they needed Puerto Rico. In order to preserve their area in the Caribbean and protect the coming Panama Canal, they needed Puerto Rico.

What sparked the Boxer Rebellion in 1900, and how was it crushed?

The large Chinese cities were controlled by Europeans and the Chinese felt they were being unfairly treated, resulting in the Boxer Rebellion. They would kill missionaries, foreigners, and those who converted to Christianity. Countries like England, France, Germany, Japan, and American shut them down because of their actions.

Roosevelt Corollary

addition to Monroe Doctrine, claimed the right to protect economic interest with military intervention in affairs of the western countries

Jose Marti

poet and journalist, exiled in new york, launched a revolution to get Cuba independent (1895)

imperialism

policy that helps weaker territories, the stronger ones extend economic, political, and military control

Platt Amendment

provisions added to the Cuban constitution (no treaties to limit independence / permit foreign countries to control territory, US reserved the right to intervene in Cuba, will not go into debt that gov cannot pay, US could buy or lease land for naval / refueling stations)

Boxer Rebellion

rebellion where members of Chinese secret society wanted to free their country over western rule

U.S.S. Maine

ship to bring Americans back from the danger of fighting and destruction of American property, but it blew up in harbor at Havana, 260 men killed

Panama Canal

shortcut between the atlantic and pacific ocean cutting across central america

Rough Riders

volunteer cavalry under Leonard Wood and Teddy Roosevelt