Chapter 11 - 12 Exercise Testing

What would maximum muscular strength (low-speed strength) testing consist of?

1 RM

What would maximum muscular power (high-speed strength testing consist of)?

1 Rm power clean standing long jump, vertical jump test, Margaria-kalamen test

What are average sprint times for men?

4.6-5.0

Which of the following is the correct arm position when measuring the girth of the upper arm?

Abducted 90 degrees with the elbow extended

How many trials and what is the average of the two trials accepted for a 40 yard dash rounded too?

Average 2 trials to the 0.1 seconds

What equipment is needed to perform a YMCS bench press test? A. 35 pound barbell B. 80 pound barbell C. flat bench with upright racks D. Stopwatch E. Metronome

B.C.E.

All of the following tests are used to measure muscular power EXCEPT the a. Margaria-Kalamen test. b. vertical jump. c. 40-yard (37 m) sprint. d. 1RM power clean.

C. Sprint is (Speed Test)

Tests performed outside the laboratory in an applied setting?

Field test

The degree to which different raters agree on test results. Also called interrater agreement or objectivity?

Interrater reliability

At summer camp, you run athletes through a series of fitness tests. One athlete tells you that his school coach measured his triceps skinfold last week and got a measure that was 5 millimeters lower than the one you recorded. Which of the following is likely affecting the results?

Interrater variability

A test administered after a training period to determine the success of a training program?

PostTest

A test that can effectively predict future performance?

Predictive validity

What are ACSM standards for a complete push up with a man?

up and down chest touching the ground.

How many judges are needed for a vertical jump test?

1 tester/recorder

How many personnel are required to execute a margaria kalemen test?

1 tester/recorder

What is the procedure for vertec? 1. Adjust pegs to stanind reach height, dominant hand. 2. Perform counter movement explode up 3. Repeat for three trials 4. Best of three is recorded to the 0.5 inches (each peg is 0.5 inches)

1. Adjust pegs to standing reach height, dominant hand. 2. Perform counter movement explode up 3. Repeat for three trials 4. Best of three is recorded to the 0.5 inches (each peg is 0.5 inches)

What is the correct order 1-6 of the YMCA Bench Press Test?

1. Get into body position on bench 2. Lift off bar with assistance from spotter (listen to the metronome) 3. Lower bar to chest with the metronome 4. Push bar to full elbow extension with metronome 5. Keep lowering and raising the bar with the metronome 6. Signal spotter to move bar to rack when you can't stay with the metronome any more.

How do you administer a margaria kalemn test 7 steps?

1. Height measured each step calculate (6 x step height) 2. Place timer switch on 3rd and stop switch on the 9th step 3. Practice running up steps 3 at a time. 4. Stand 20ft away sprint for the steps stepping on every 3rd until you reach 9 steps 5. Round the end time to the nearest 0.01 sec 6. Calculate power in watts (kg x 9.807) x Height in meters 7. Repeat 2 more times with a recovery period of 2-3 minutes.

Explain the 5 steps of the curl up test?

1. Lie supine, feet flat, knees bent at 90 degree angle 2. Place arms next to body on floor, touching first piece of tape 3. In cadence 20 reps/min, shoulder blades off floor, touching other piece of tape. 4. Uncurl to starting position 5. Perform as many reps possible or max out at 75 reps

How do you perform a hexagon test?

1. Measure out 24 inch lines in a hexagon with 120 degree angles. 2. Warm up 3. Athlete stand in the middle 4. Jump over each side and back to the middle, 3 revolutions around the hexagon, not stepping on the lines, and facing the same direction whole time. 5. Athlete steps on line start over 6. Record nearest 0.1 second.

How do you execute a 300 yard shuttle tetst 1-6 steps?

1. Pair athletes similar ability 2. Position two athletes one line facing the other line 3. Sprint front and back 6 times. 1 back and forth trip = 50 yards x 6 = 300 yards 4. End of first trial record to nearest 0.1 (give 5 mins rest). 5. DO another trial after rest 6. Average of two trials are recorded

List the 7 steps to properly administering a test with your athletes?

1. Practice session (1-3 days before) 2. Preparation instruction (what to wear, eat, hydrate) 3. Test instruction (instruct what to do, rest periods, what to expect, cool down) 4. Demonstration (allow athletes to ask ?) 5. Warm-up (regular warm up and exercises that isolate muscle use for test) 6. Rest periods (between trials ATP synthesis, Lactate removal, an restore glycogen) 7. Cool down- (tell them what to do for the cool down.

What are the 4 steps to the testing and evaluation process?

1. Select the equipment that will be used to complete the tests. 2. Determine the testing procedures and personnel required 3. Assess physical characteristics 4. Evaluate skill performance.

List the steps for the T-Test procedure starting with the beginning?

1. Stand at Start cone A. 2. Run forward 10 yard, eyes a head touch base cone B. 3. Sideways shuffle 5yrds left, eyes straight, touch base cone C. 4. Shuffle left, not crossing feet, eyes a head, touch base cone D. 5, Shuffle left, cone B. , 5 yards 6. Run backwards to cone A.

Explain how to perform a Pro-agility test?

1. Straddle the center line. 2. Signal given sprint 5 yards to the left , change direction 10 yards right, change direction and sprint 5 yard. 3. Best time of two trials recorded to the nearest 0.01

What are some aerobic capacity tests?

1.5 mile run, 12 min run

What is the average time for T-test for a competitive college male athlete?

10 seconds

What is the average time for a T-test for a competitive college female athlete?

10.8 sec

During a very hot day how many ML/15 mins would you like your athletes to consume?

150-250 ml every 15 mins. Lasts longer than 1 hour provide sports drink..

What is a good range for a competitive college woman athlete for vertical jump?

16-18.5 Average range

Explain how many personnel are required to perform a 1 RM power clean?

1= 1 tester/recorder

How many personal do you need to execute a 1.5 mile run test?

2 = 1 person to call out each athlets time, and one recorder

How many personnel are required to perform a standing long jump?

2 = one distance judge and one recorder

For the army push up challenge how many minutes are you given?

2 mins to complete as many reps possible

What is a good range for a competitive college male athlete for the vertical jump?

25-25.5 Average Collegiate Athlete

What personal do you need in order to execute a 12 min run test?

2= one tester to call out each athlete's position and one recorder

How many personnel are required to execute a Hexagon test?

2= one timer/recorder and one line judge.

How many personnel is required to execute a hexagon test?

2= one timer/recorder, one line judge.

Explain how many personnel is required to perform a 1RM back squat?

3 = Two spotters and one recorder

What would an anaerobic capacity test be?

300 yard shuttle run

What equipment do you need to perform a ymca bench test?

85 lbs bar for males, 35 lbs bar for women, metronome, flat bench

What is the temperature limits at various ranges of relative humidity for strenuous exercise testing? (Temps given 95,90,85,80,75 F give me the max humidity percentages?

95F = 0%, 90F = 1-20%, 85F =21-50%, 80F = 51-90%, 75F= 91-100 % humidity range.

Where should you mark the skin before measuring Michaels Abdominal skinfold? A. 1 inch (2.5 cm) to the right of the umbilicus B. 0.4 inch (1.0 cm) to the right of the umbilicus C. 1 inch (2.5 cm) to the left of the umbilicus D. 0.4 inch (1.0 cm) to the left of the umbilicus

A. 1 inch to the right of the umbilicus

Michael's training goal is to increase cardiorespiratory enurance. Which test will best assess his current level?

A. 15RM back squat B. Margaria-Kalamen test C. 300-yard Shuttle run D. 1.5 mile run

What equipment is needed to perform a partial curl-up test? A. Adhesive Tape B. Metronome C. Stopwatch D. Two Cones E. Ruler

A. B. E.

Which of the following recommendations should you follow when conducting aerobic endurance tests in hot environments?

A. Check the heat and humidity index before testing

Which administrative steps should you take before the day of testing?

A. Evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the testers B. Prepare all the scorers to conduct specific tests. C.. Create scoring forms that have room on them for all tests. (select all that apply) # A, B, C all of them.

What equipment do you need in order to perform a pro agility test?

American football filed marked with 3 parallel 5 yard lines and stop watch

Which instruction should you give Allison to start her vertical jump test? A. "stand facing the wall, aout 6 inches *15 cm from it" B. "Stand with your dominant shoulder about 6 inches (15 cm0 from the wall" C. "Stand one large step away from the wall" D. "Stand on your dominant leg only"

B. "Stand with your dominant shoulder about 6 inches (15 cm0 from the wall

Anaerobic capacity is quantified as the maximal power output achieved during activity lasting? A. Less than 10 secs B. 30 to 90 seconds C. 2 to 3 minutes ?

B. 30-90 seconds

What equipment is needed to perform a T-Test? A. Adhesive Tape B. Four Cones C. Tape measure D. Stop Watch

B. C. D.

What equipment is needed to perform a vertical jump test without using a vertex or similar deice? (Select all that apply) A. Wrestling mat B. Measuring Tape C. Two Cones D. Smooth Wall E. Chalk?

B. D. E. (also a vertec jump if needed)

When compiling results from the volleyball team's vertical jump testing, the strength conditioning professional notices that most scores are similar, but there are three scores that are much higher than the rest. Which of the following measures of central tendency is most appropriate for this group? a. mean b. median c. mode d. variance

B. median

What is the difference between Body composition and Anthropometry?

Body Comp= Fat and Lean muscle percentages / Anthropometry Focuses on height, weight, and selected body girths

Which of the following is a reason for a trial of the T-test to be disqualified (see figure 12.7)? a. touching the base of cone D b. shuffling from cone C to cone D c. crossing the feet from cone B to cone C d. running forward from cone A to cone B

C. Crossing your feet

a. neutral shoulder with elbow flexed to 90 degrees b. elbow extended with forearm pronated c. shoulder abducted to 90 degrees with elbow extended d. elbow flexed to 90 degrees with forearm supinated?

C. Shoulder abducted to 90 degrees with elbow extended

The first abdominal skinfold trial resulted in a measurement of 7 mm. When you repeated the test a second time, the measurement was 10 mm. What should you do? A. Average those two measurements to the nearest 0.5 mm B. Take one additional measurement, and average the three measurements to the nearest 0.5 mm C. Take one or more additional measurements until two of the measurements are within 10% of each other, then average those two measurements to the nearest 0.5 mm.

C. Take one or more additional measurements until two of the measurements are within 10% of each other, then average those two measurements to the easts 0.5 mm.

The values around which data points tend to cluster?

Central Tendency

When you are doing michales skinfold test, which anatomical site is measured with a diagonal fold?

Chest

What are the three sites for the skin fold measurements for MEN?

Chest, Abdomen, Thigh

As you're designing your preseason testing schedule, you find that you won't have enough time to get all of the athletes through the testing stations in one day. Rather than extend the testing schedule to additional days, you decide that you'll have to be more careful deciding which tests to use. You have a hunch that some of the tests are redundant and may be a waste of time. What type of validity will you look for in choosing which tests you can cut out while still evaluating the important performance variables?

Concurrent validity

Examining the relationship among several tests, each claiming to test the same thing is called what type of validity?

Concurrent validity

The extent to which test scores are associated with those of other accepted tests that measure the same thing?

Concurrent validity

Refers to overall validity, or the extent to which a test actually measures what it was designed to measure.?

Construct validity

When an expert determines that a test has all of the appropriate components require to provide an accurate assessment of what's being tested, the test has what type of validity?

Construct validity

1. Dr. Poole, an exercise physiologist, tells you that although the body mass index is used to evaluate body dimensions, it's not a valid measure of body fatness. She claims that there is no actual measure of body fat involved with BMI, because it's only computed from height and weight. Which type of validity is Dr. Poole referring to?

Content Validity

The assessment by experts that testing covers all relevant subtopics or component abilities in appropriate proportions..

Content validity

A High positive correlation between the results of the test being assessed and the results of the recognized measure of the construct (the "gold standard") (what type of variability) ?

Convergent Validity

You've read that some people use skinfold equations to estimate body density, and you decide to make a direct comparison between this method and what's considered the gold standard, hydrostatic weighing. Which type of validity would you be measuring?

Convergent Validity

Some tests "god standard" tests are most effective at measuring specific performance attributes. Occasionally, the results of a gold standard test are compared to a second test that measures the same performance attributes. The purpose of the comparison is to assess the effectiveness of the second test. When the results of both tests are very similar, the second test has what type of validity with the gold standard test?

Convergent validity

The extent to which test scores are associated with some other measure of the same ability. The three types of criterion-referenced validity are concurrent, predictive, discriminant. (type of validity)

Criterion-referenced validity

What would a local muscular endurance test be?

Curl up and push up tests, YMCA Bench test

The difference in a performance score from the beginning to the end of a training period.?

Difference Score

When you're evaluating all the tests for muscular fitness, you find that one test designed to measure muscular strength and another designed to measure muscular endurance are poorly related. The low correlation would be a good sign if you were evaluating which type of test validity?

Discriminant Validity

A test that can measure two different constructs has what type of validity?

Discriminant validity

The ability of a test to distinguish between two different constructs; it is evidenced by a low correlation between the results of a test and the results of tests of a different construct.

Discriminant validity

Analysis of test results in order to make decisions about a person's health, fitness level, and performance ability?

Evaluation

When Allison is defending a goal in soccer the balls go over her head and she has to jump up and block those shots. These maximum-output movements involves which of the following athletic parameters? A. Agility B. Aerobic capcity C. Anerobic capacity D. Flexibility E. Local muscular endurance F. Muscular Power G. Muscular Strength or H. Speed

F. Muscular Power

What would be the appropriate test for muscular power that Allison needs in order to play soccer goalkeeper? A. 1RM back squat B. 1RM bench press C. 40 yard sprint D. 300 yard shuttle run E. Line Drill F. Vertical Jump G. T-test

F. Vertical Jump Test.

The appearance to an athlete and casual observers that a test measures what it is purported to measure (what type of validity)?

Face validity

When a test appears to measure what an athlete thinks it measures, the test has what type of validity?

Face validity

Periodic reevaluation of a training program that enables monitoring of an athlete's progress and adjustment of the training program for the athlete's individual needs/ Also allows for evaluation of different training methods and collection of normative data. ?

Formative Evaluation

How should Allison perform her maximum vertical jump? (as a coach what would you tell her)

From the standing position bend down (hip and knee flexion) and swing your arms back before jumping as high as possible.

of which of these muscle groups or body areas is assessed during the sit-and-reach test? I. hamstrings II. erector spinae III. lumbar spine IV. hip flexors?

I, II, III

Of the locations measured in the 3-site skinfold protocols, which of the following are only measured on women? I. thigh II. suprailiac III. abdomena IV. Triceps

II and IV only

Statistics that allow generalizations to be made about a large population of people based on the performance of a small group?

Inferential statistics

The degree to which different raters agree on test results. Also called objectivity or interrater reliability?

Interrater agreement

Inconsistent performance by the person being tested (what type of variability) ?

Intrasubject variability

What is the BMI equation?

KG/ M ^2 to find meters times inches by 0.0254

What is the protocol for the YMCA Bench test?

Lift the bar 30 reps a min until failure with the metronome at 60 beats per min. 1 beep up 1 beep down

The average of a group of scores.?

Mean

The collection of test data?

Measurement

What is the equipment needed to perform a sit and reach test?

Measuring tape or sick, adhesive tape, sit and reach box.

The score in the middle of a group of scores that are ordered high to low.?

Median

A test administered one or more times during a training period to assess an athletes progress and modify the training program as needed to maximize benefits?

Midtest

The score that occurs most often in a group of scores.?

Mode

speed

Movement distance per unit time. It is typically quantified as the time taken to cover a fixed distance.

The degree to which different raters agree on test results. Also called interrater agreement or interrater reliability?

Objectivity

How many people performing what roles are required to administer Michaels partial curl-up test?

One = Tester/recorder

How many personnel are required to perform a 40 yard dash test?

One time/recorder

The percentage of the total number of people whose scores are at or below this level.?

Percentile Rank

As you're working with your freshman soccer team, you conduct a test of agility. You've found that in the past, athletes who performed well on this test ended up developing into some of your best midfielders. What type of validity does this agility test apparently demonstrate?

Predicative Validity

The extent to which a test score corresponds with future behavior or performance.

Predictive validity

A test administered before training begins to determine an individual's initial status?

Pretest

Problem 1 Prior to preseason practice, the head soccer coach wants to know his team's current level of fitness and any areas that require further concentration. The strength and conditioning professional determines that anaerobic capacity, aerobic endurance, musculoskeletal power, and musculoskeletal strength are the most important assessments that should be done. The 400 m run, 1.5-mile (2.4 km) run, vertical jump, and 1RM squat tests are chosen. If the tests must be performed in one day, in what order should they be performed and why? How much rest should be allowed between tests?

Problem 1: AnswerThe appropriate sequence is (1) vertical jump, (2) 1RM squat, (3) 400 m run, and (4) 1.5-mile (2.4 km) run. This sequence is chosen to prevent fatigue caused by prior tests from affecting the reliability and validity of subsequent tests. Minimal rest is required after the vertical jump test (i.e., <1 minute); the 1RM squat requires at least 5 minutes of rest; and the 400 m run requires at least 1 hour of rest prior to assessment of the 1.5-mile (2.4 km) run.

Problem 1After a disappointing season, the head soccer coach would like to know the physical capabilities of each member of the soccer team. Design an athletic profile appropriate for the soccer team. Keep in mind the following questions: 1. Which tests are specific to soccer? 2. In what order should the tests be performed? 3. How can the results be given to the coach to best depict the team's level of conditioning?

Problem 1: AnswerThe vertical jump, 1RM squat, 40-yard (37 m) sprint, and 1.5-mile (2.4 km) run are all appropriate tests for soccer players and should be performed in that order to ensure validity of results. Several methods can be used to present the results to the coach; determining the percentile ranks is an appropriate and easy-to-understand presentation method. Note that a test of multidirectional movement (e.g., the T-test) would be an appropriate test to include in future assessments.

Problem 2 According to the following preseason testing results for NCAA Division I American football running backs, what area(s) need to be addressed? What type(s) of exercises will help the athletes improve their conditioning? • 1RM bench press = 385 pounds (175 kg) 1RM back squat = 460 pounds (209 kg) • Vertical jump = 25 inches (63.5 cm) 40-yard (37 m) sprint = 4.9 seconds

Problem 2: AnswerUpper and lower body maximal strength results are excellent, but the strength and conditioning professional should address both speed and lower extremity power, which are deficient. The use of plyometric and speed exercises (as discussed in chapters 16 and 17) will play a major role in improving the insufficient areas.

The difference between the highest and lowest scores.?

Range

body composition

Relative proportions by weight of fat and lean tissue.

Measure of the repeatability of a test performance?

Reliability

A valid test must be ?

Reliable A test has reliability when its measurements are consistent and repeatable; when the test is administered two or more times under identical conditions, the test is reliable if the results of the multiple tests are similar.

How do you administer a 12 min run test?

Run as fast as possible in 12 min. 2. Signal given when 12 mins is up (every athlete stops where they are) 4. The distance run by each athlete (laps x 400m) is calculated and recorded

What type of test is the 40 yard dash considered?

Sprint Test

A measure of the variability of scores about the mean.?

Standard Deviation

What equipment do you need inorder to execute a 40 yard dash?

Stop watch, flat surface

What equipment do you need in order to make a hexagon test?

Stop watch, measure stick or tape, flat floor with good traction, Adhesive tap or a color that contrasts with the floor.

What are the three sites for the skin fold measurements for Women?

Suprailliac/supraillium, Triceps, Thigh

What are some examples of agility tests?

T-test, Hexagon test, and Pro Agility Test

What does the Temperature/ humidity table tell you and how would you apply it to a day of testing your athletes?

Tells you max temp and humidity to perform tests in. Looking for below 5 degrees of max temp or humidity to allow the athletes to perform at their maximum ability (especially on sunny days)

Assessment of an individual's ability on a particular task.

Test

Simply a test that focuses on the physiological and movement abilities of a specific sport?

Test Battery

What is the first step in testing and evaluation process. Specific to the athlete and is valid and reliable?

Test selection

The statistical correlation o the scores from two administrations of the same test to the same group of athletes.

Test-retest reliability

When one test is used to measure an athletes performance during two separate trils, and when the test results or both trials are very similar, the relationship between the two test measures is called ?

Test-retest reliability

local muscular endurance

The ability of certain muscles or muscle groups to perform repeated contractions against a submaximal resistance.

high-speed muscular strength or maximal anaerobic muscular power (or anaerobic power)

The ability of muscle tissue to exert high force while contracting at a high speed.

athletic performance

The ability to respond effectively to various physical challenges.

agility

The ability to stop, start, and change the direction of the body or of body parts rapidly and in a controlled manner.

low-speed muscular strength

The force a muscle or muscle group can exert in one maximal effort. It can be quantified by the maximum weight that can be lifted once (the 1-repetition maximum [1RM]) in exercises such as the bench press or back squat, the maximum force exerted isometrically (against an immovable object) measured with a transducer, or the maximum force that can be exerted at a particular isokinetic speed.

anaerobic capacity

The maximal rate of energy production by the combined phosphagen and lactic acid energy systems for moderate-duration activities.

aerobic capacity, also called aerobic power

The maximum rate at which an athlete can produce energy through oxidation of energy resources (carbohydrates, fats, and proteins). It is usually expressed as a volume of oxygen consumed per kilogram of body weight per minute (i.e., ml · kg-1 · min-1).

flexibility

The range of motion about a body joint.

Anthropometry

The science of measurement applied to the human body. It generally includes measurements of height, weight, and selected

T or F a valid test measures what it is suppose to measure?

True

How many people performing what roles are required to administer Allison's T-Test?

Two people = One tester/recorder and one spotter

Explain how many personnel is required to a 1 Rm for bench press?

Two= One spotter and one recorder

The extent to with a test or test items measure what it is supposed to measure?

Validity

The degree to which the scores are distributed from the lowest to the highest score.?

Variability

What's the best advice to tell Michael to help him prepare for a 1.5 mile run?

Warm up and stretch

When a wrestling team is performing max push up and curl up test why are the resting portions between trials so important?

You want the test-retest reliability to be precise. Not allowing the athlete to rest can skew their results giving them a lower score. This is not accurate in reflection to their maximum performance abilities.

How many personal do you need to execute a ymca bench test?

one spotter/ recorder

How many personnel do you need in order to execute a pro-agility test?

one time/recorder and one line judge.

How many personal are required to administer a 300 yard shuttle run test?

one timer, two line judges

What equipment do you need for a margaria kalemen test?

stairs 7 inch height, 20 feet in length 2. Measuring tape or stick, 3. Electronic timing system with both a start and stop switch 4. Scale

What is the resting position for men when performing a push up test?

starting position (Plank)

What equipment do you need for 1.5 mile run test?

stop watch , quarter mile track

What equipment do you need for a 300 rd shuttle run?

stop watch at least 0.1 secs, two parallel lines 25 yards apart on a flat surface

What equipment do you need to execute a 12 min run test?

stop watch, 400 m track or flat top course with a marker at each 100 m