Chapter 11 Art Appreciation
Primitivism
Category of art developed out of African and Oceania Cultures.
F
Kiki Smith works primarily in wood, especially in the work entitled "Honeywax".
T
"Gilded" is the term used to indicate that a work has been covered with a thin layer of gold.
minimalism
1960's and 1970's toward simple, primary forms.
T
A basic subject for sculpture is the human figure.
Contrapposta
A pose that suggests the potential for movement, and thus life, in a standing human figure.
T
A sculpture by Michelangelo could be used to illustrate contrapposto.
lost-wax
A technique for casting sculptures or other objects in metal. A model of the object to be cast is created in wax, fitted with wax rods, then encased in a heat-resistant material such as plaster or clay, leaving the rods protruding. The ensemble is heated so that the wax burns out, creaint a mold.
installation
An art form in which an entire room or similar space is treated as a work of art to be entered and experienced.
F
Andy Goldsworthy is a sculptor who only uses the lost wax casting method.
natural
Andy Goldsworthy uses _____________ materials to create sculptures that are ephemeral.
relief
Anything that projects from the background.
earthwork
Art, generally large in scale, made in a landscape from natural elements found there, such as rocks and dirt.
installation
Artists looking for new direction in thought processes related to artworks created a new art form, called ________________, in which a space is presented as a work of art that can be entered, explored and experienced.
background
Bas-relief is a term indicating that a sculpture can be described by parts of the surface of the work project slightly from the ____________________ of the work.
T
By using the concept of an installation, artists have more control over our experience in a shaped, delimited space such as a room.
indirect
Casting is known as ________________________ method. ?
T
Changing materials such as flowers, ice, and light can be used to create sculpture.
Jeanne Claude
Christo's partner.
F
Contrapposto (meaning counter poise or counterbalance) was developed by ancient Egyptians as a pose for sculptures of the human figure.
bas-relief
Figures project minimally, as on a coin. aka low-relief
high relief
Figures project substantially from the background, often by half their full depth or more.
F
Fired clay is sometimes called pewter.
F
High-relief sculpture is different than low-relief sculpture in that high-relief is installed high upon the wall of a building.
bronze
If a work has been created by replacing a wax model with a molten metal, then the material used for the completed work probably was ___________________________.
F
In creating the Colossal Head, Olmec artists used the lost-wax method of sculpting.
carving
In sculpture, a subtractive technique in which a mass of material such as stone or wood is shaped by cutting and/or abrasion.
in the round
In sculpture, a work fully finished on all sides and standing free of a background.
modeling
In sculpture, manipulating a plastic material such as clay or wax to create a form.
F
In sculpture, the most common modeling material is leather.
F
Louise Bourgeois created, for the courtyard of the State Hermitage Museum, a miniature sculpture that depicts an arachnid.
F
No material other than metal can be used in a casting process.
Christo Claude
Notable artist who "wraps" projects.
T
Relief sculpture is not meant to be viewed in the round, not finished on all sides, and often used to decorate architecture.
clay
Sculptors will often create a "sketch" out of ___________________ to test ideas before proceeding to their medium of choice.
environmental sculpture
Sculptures that are eartworks, installations or site specific.
earthworks
Serpent Mound and Spiral Jetty are known as _______________________________.
T
Subtractive processes start with a mass larger than that of the planned sculpture.
Michelangelo
The Dying Slave clearly utilizes the contrapposto stance was created by the Renaissance artist ________________________.
F
The Indian sculpture "Durga Fighting the Buffalo Demon" is an example of assemblage.
lost-wax
The _____________________________ process dates back to the 3rd millennium B.C.E.
modeling
The additive process of sculpture includes both ________________________ and assembling.
Christo
The artworks of ____________________________ and Jean-Claude are intended as works that have as the subject matter the entire process of the project, to bring together a temporary community of people focused on a particular idea, and are intended to be temporary and transitory.
subtractive
The carving method is more aggressive than modeling, more direct than casting, and is a ________________________________process.
installation
The concept _______________________ , conceives of a space and everything in it as a work of art.
T
The key difference between the process of lost-wax casting as practiced in ancient times and that same process today, multiples can be created from the process.
casting
The process of making a sculpture or some other object by pouring a liquid into a mold, letting it harden, and then releasing it.
round
The sculpture The Burghers of Calais memorializing a courageous episode from a town's medieval history is by Rodin. It is an excellent example of sculpture in the ______________________________.
F
The subtractive process involves welding.
assembling
The technique of creating a sculpture by grouping or piecing together distinct elements, as opposed to casting, modeling, or carving.
bas-relief
The term _______________________(2) may be used to refer to the depth of the forms in a coin.
casting
When you pour a liquid, such as Jell-O, into a shaped container to become firm, you are using a ________________________________________ process.
carving
Wood and stone are the principal materials for ______________.
assemblage
_________________________ is a sculptural process of bringing together individual pieces, segments, or objects to form a sculpture.
minimalists
__________________________________do not believe in trying to influence people rough images; they favored industrial and construction materials; and they attempted to offer a pure experience by letting the materials speak for themselves.
