Chapter 11 COPD Exam 2 Med Surg Practice Questions

A nurse has been asked to give a workshop on COPD for a local community group. The nurse emphasizes the importance of smoking cessation because smoking has what pathophysiologic effect? A)Increases the amount of mucus production B)Destabilizes hemoglobin C)Shrinks the alveoli in the lungs D)Collapses the alveoli in the lungs

A

A nurse is admitting a new patient who has been admitted with a diagnosis of COPD exacerbation. How can the nurse best help the patient achieve the goal of maintaining effective oxygenation? A)Teach the patient strategies for promoting diaphragmatic breathing. B)Administer supplementary oxygen by simple face mask. C)Teach the patient to perform airway suctioning. D)Assist the patient in developing an appropriate exercise program.

A

A nurse is caring for a patient who has been admitted with an exacerbation of chronic bronchiectasis. The nurse should expect to assess the patient for which of the following clinical manifestations? A)Copious sputum production B)Pain on inspiration C)Pigeon chest D)Dry cough

A

A patient with emphysema is experiencing shortness of breath. To relieve this patient's symptoms, the nurse should assist her into what position? A)Sitting upright, leaning forward slightly B)Low Fowler's, with the neck slightly hyperextended C)Prone D)Trendelenburg

A

A pediatric nurse practitioner is caring for a child who has just been diagnosed with asthma. The nurse has provided the parents with information that includes potential causative agents for an asthmatic reaction. What potential causative agent should the nurse describe? A)Pets B)Lack of sleep C)Psychosocial stress D)Bacteria

A

A nurse is working with a child who is undergoing a diagnostic workup for suspected asthma. What are the signs and symptoms that are consistent with a diagnosis of asthma? Select all that apply. A) Chest tightness B) Crackles C) Bradypnea D) Wheezing E) Cough

A, D, E

A nurse is caring for a patient who has been hospitalized with an acute asthma exacerbation. What drugs should the nurse expect to be ordered for this patient to gain underlying control of persistent asthma? A)Rescue inhalers B)Anti-inflammatory drugs C)Antibiotics D)Antitussives

B

A nurse is developing the teaching portion of a care plan for a patient with COPD. What would be the most important component for the nurse to emphasize? A)Smoking up to one-half of a pack of cigarettes weekly is allowable. B)Chronic inhalation of indoor toxins can cause lung damage. C)Minor respiratory infections are considered to be self-limited and are not treated. D)Activities of daily living (ADLs) should be clustered in the early morning hours.

B

A nurse is reviewing the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis (CF) in anticipation of a new admission. The nurse should identify what characteristic aspects of CF? A)Alveolar mucus plugging, infection, and eventual bronchiectasis B)Bronchial mucus plugging, inflammation, and eventual bronchiectasis C)Atelectasis, infection, and eventual COPD D)Bronchial mucus plugging, infection, and eventual COPD

B

An admitting nurse is assessing a patient with COPD. The nurse auscultates diminished breath sounds, which signify changes in the airway. These changes indicate to the nurse to monitor the patient for what? A) Kyphosis and clubbing of the fingers B) Dyspnea and hypoxemia C) Sepsis and pneumothorax D) Bradypnea and pursed lip breathing

B

An asthma nurse educator is working with a group of adolescent asthma patients. What intervention is most likely to prevent asthma exacerbations among these patients? A)Encouraging patients to carry a corticosteroid rescue inhaler at all times B)Educating patients about recognizing and avoiding asthma triggers C)Teaching patients to utilize alternative therapies in asthma management D)Ensuring that patients keep their immunizations up to date

B

A nurse is completing a focused respiratory assessment of a child with asthma. What assessment finding is most closely associated with the characteristic signs and symptoms of asthma? A) Shallow respirations B) Increased anterior-posterior (A-P) diameter C) Bilateral wheezes D) Bradypnea

C

A nurse is creating a health promotion intervention focused on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What should the nurse identify as a complication of COPD? A)Lung cancer B)Cystic fibrosis C)Respiratory failure D)Hemothorax

C

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client with COPD. When teaching the client about breathing exercises, what should the nurse include in the teaching? A)Lie supine to facilitate air entry B)Avoid pursed lip breathing C)Use diaphragmatic breathing D)Use chest breathing

C

A nurse is teaching a patient with asthma about Azmacort, an inhaled corticosteroid. Which adverse effects should the nurse be sure to address in patient teaching? A)Dyspnea and increased respiratory secretions B)Nausea and vomiting C)Cough and oral thrush D)Fatigue and decreased level of consciousness

C

A patient arrives in the emergency department with an attack of acute bronchiectasis. Chest auscultation reveals the presence of copious secretions. What intervention should the nurse prioritize in this patient's care? A) Oral administration of diuretics B) Intravenous fluids to reduce the viscosity of secretions C) Postural chest drainage D) Pulmonary function testing

C

A patient's severe asthma has necessitated the use of a long-acting beta2-agonist (LABA). Which of the patient's statements suggests a need for further education? A)"I know that these drugs can sometimes make my heart beat faster." B)"I've heard that this drug is particularly good at preventing asthma attacks during exercise." C)"I'll make sure to use this each time I feel an asthma attack coming on." D)"I've heard that this drug sometimes gets less effective over time."

C

A school nurse is caring for a 10-year-old girl who is having an asthma attack. What is the preferred intervention to alleviate this client's airflow obstruction? A)Administer corticosteroids by metered dose inhaler B)Administer inhaled anticholinergics C)Administer an inhaled beta-adrenergic agonist D)Utilize a peak flow monitoring device

C

A student nurse is developing a teaching plan for an adult patient with asthma. Which teaching point should have the highest priority in the plan of care that the student is developing? A) Gradually increase levels of physical exertion. B) Change filters on heaters and air conditioners frequently. C) Take prescribed medications as scheduled. D) Avoid goose-down pillows.

C

A student nurse is preparing to care for a patient with bronchiectasis. The student nurse should recognize that this patient is likely to experience respiratory difficulties related to what pathophysiologic process? A)Intermittent episodes of acute bronchospasm B)Alveolar distention and impaired diffusion C)Dilation of bronchi and bronchioles D)Excessive gas exchange in the bronchioles

C

The nurse is assessing a patient whose respiratory disease in characterized by chronic hyperinflation of the lungs. What would the nurse most likely assess in this patient? A)Signs of oxygen toxicity B)Chronic chest pain C)A barrel chest D)Long, thin fingers

C

A clinic nurse is caring for a patient who has just been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The patient asks the nurse what he could have done to minimize the risk of contracting this disease. What would be the nurse's best answer? A)"The most important risk factor for COPD is exposure to occupational toxins." B)"The most important risk factor for COPD is inadequate exercise." C)"The most important risk factor for COPD is exposure to dust and pollen." D)"The most important risk factor for COPD is cigarette smoking."

D

A nurse is explaining to a patient with asthma what her new prescription for prednisone is used for. What would be the most accurate explanation that the nurse could give? A)To ensure long-term prevention of asthma exacerbations B)To cure any systemic infection underlying asthma attacks C)To prevent recurrent pulmonary infections D)To gain prompt control of inadequately controlled, persistent asthma

D

A nursing is planning the care of a patient with emphysema who will soon be discharged. What teaching should the nurse prioritize in the plan of care? A)Taking prophylactic antibiotics as ordered B)Adhering to the treatment regimen in order to cure the disease C)Avoiding airplanes, buses, and other crowded public places D)Setting realistic short-term and long-range goals

D

A patient is having pulmonary-function studies performed. The patient performs a spirometry test, revealing an FEV1/FVC ratio of 60%. How should the nurse interpret this assessment finding? A)Strong exercise tolerance B)Exhalation volume is normal C)Respiratory infection D)Obstructive lung disease

D