Chapter 11 Gas Test

What is R in the Ideal Gas Law?

(0.082058)( [L] [atm] / [mol] [K]

In the reaction 2C(s) + O2(g) = 2CO(g), what is the volume ratio of O2 to CO?

1:2

In the reaction 2H2(g) + O2(g) = 2H2O(g), assuming conditions of pressure and temperature remain the same, what is the volume ratio of H2 to H2O?

4:6

The law that relates the pressure and volume of a gas to each other is known as

Boyle's Law

Two sealed flasks, A and B, contain two different gases of equal volume at the same temperature and pressure. - The two samples must have equal masses. True or False?

False

What is Gay-Lussac's Law?

P1/T1 = P2/T2

What is Boyle's Law?

P1V1 = P2V2

What is the Combined Gas Law?

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

What is the Ideal Gas Law?

PV = nRT

Explain Avogadro's Law

That equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules.

Explain the Ideal Gas Law

The mathematical relationship among pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of moles in a agas, that is given by an equation where the quantity R is a constant.

Explain Gay-Lussac's Law

The pressure of a fixed amount of gas at a constant volume varies directly with the Kelvin temperature.

Explain the Combined Gas Law

The relationship among pressure, volume, and temperature of a fixed amount of gas.

Explain Charles's Law

The volume of a fixed mass of gas at a constant pressure varies directly with the Kelvin temperature.

Explain Boyle's Law

The volume of a fixed mass of gas varies inversely with the pressure at a constant temperature.

Two sealed flasks, A and B, contain two different gases of equal volume at the same temperature and pressure. - The two flasks must contain an equal number of molecules. True or False?

True

What is Avogadro's Law?

V = kn n - the amount of gas in moles k - a constant

What is Charles's Law?

V1/T1 = V2/T2

What kind of curve represents the ideal gas law?

a diagonal line

For a constant force, when the surface are is tripled the pressure is

a third as much

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, particles of matter

are in constant motion

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, gases are highly compressible because the particles which they consist of

are very far apart from one another

Gay-Lussac recognized that at constant temperature and pressure, the volumes of gaseous reactions and products

can be expressed as ratios of small whole numbers

The ratios of the volumes of the gaseous reactants and products in a chemical reaction at cosntant temperature and pressure can be determined from the

coefficients in a balanced equation

Which is not a measurable property of gases? - total volume occupied - number of molesd - composition - temperature in kelvins

composition

According to Avogadro's Law, 1 L of H2(g) and 1 L of O2(g) at the same temperature and pressure

contain equal number of molecules

State whether the pressure of a fixed mass of gas will increase, decrease, or stay the same in the following circumstances: temperature decreases, volume stays the same

decreases

State whether the pressure of a fixed mass of gas will increase, decrease, or stay the same in the following circumstances: volume increases, temperature stays the same

decreases

The passage of gas particles through a small opening is called

effusion

If the veolocity of a sample of molecules is doubled, their kinetic energy

experience a strong force of attraction

Pressure =

force/surface area

Gases tend to deviate from the ideal gas law at

high pressures

State whether the pressure of a fixed mass of gas will increase, decrease, or stay the same in the following circumstances: volume decreases, temperature stayes the same

increases

State whether the pressure of a fixed mass of gas will increase, decrease, or stay the same in the following circumstances: temperature increases, volume stays the same

increases

All of the oxygen is removed from a sample of air in a glass tube. The pressure exerted by the remaining air

is reduced by about 20%

The law of combining volumes applies only to gas volumes

measured at a constant temperature and pressure

The molar mass of a gas at STP is the density of that gas

multiplied by 22.4L

At constant temperature and pressure, gas volume is directly proportional to the

number of moles of gas

The SI unit of pressure is

pascals

What is an example of gas diffusion?

the odor of perfume spreading throughout a room

What is not a characteristic of gases?

very high density

In a chemical equation, the coefficients for reactants and products that are gases indicate

volume ratios