Chapter 11 Gas Test
What is R in the Ideal Gas Law?
(0.082058)( [L] [atm] / [mol] [K]
In the reaction 2C(s) + O2(g) = 2CO(g), what is the volume ratio of O2 to CO?
1:2
In the reaction 2H2(g) + O2(g) = 2H2O(g), assuming conditions of pressure and temperature remain the same, what is the volume ratio of H2 to H2O?
4:6
The law that relates the pressure and volume of a gas to each other is known as
Boyle's Law
Two sealed flasks, A and B, contain two different gases of equal volume at the same temperature and pressure. - The two samples must have equal masses. True or False?
False
What is Gay-Lussac's Law?
P1/T1 = P2/T2
What is Boyle's Law?
P1V1 = P2V2
What is the Combined Gas Law?
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
What is the Ideal Gas Law?
PV = nRT
Explain Avogadro's Law
That equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules.
Explain the Ideal Gas Law
The mathematical relationship among pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of moles in a agas, that is given by an equation where the quantity R is a constant.
Explain Gay-Lussac's Law
The pressure of a fixed amount of gas at a constant volume varies directly with the Kelvin temperature.
Explain the Combined Gas Law
The relationship among pressure, volume, and temperature of a fixed amount of gas.
Explain Charles's Law
The volume of a fixed mass of gas at a constant pressure varies directly with the Kelvin temperature.
Explain Boyle's Law
The volume of a fixed mass of gas varies inversely with the pressure at a constant temperature.
Two sealed flasks, A and B, contain two different gases of equal volume at the same temperature and pressure. - The two flasks must contain an equal number of molecules. True or False?
True
What is Avogadro's Law?
V = kn n - the amount of gas in moles k - a constant
What is Charles's Law?
V1/T1 = V2/T2
What kind of curve represents the ideal gas law?
a diagonal line
For a constant force, when the surface are is tripled the pressure is
a third as much
According to the kinetic-molecular theory, particles of matter
are in constant motion
According to the kinetic-molecular theory, gases are highly compressible because the particles which they consist of
are very far apart from one another
Gay-Lussac recognized that at constant temperature and pressure, the volumes of gaseous reactions and products
can be expressed as ratios of small whole numbers
The ratios of the volumes of the gaseous reactants and products in a chemical reaction at cosntant temperature and pressure can be determined from the
coefficients in a balanced equation
Which is not a measurable property of gases? - total volume occupied - number of molesd - composition - temperature in kelvins
composition
According to Avogadro's Law, 1 L of H2(g) and 1 L of O2(g) at the same temperature and pressure
contain equal number of molecules
State whether the pressure of a fixed mass of gas will increase, decrease, or stay the same in the following circumstances: temperature decreases, volume stays the same
decreases
State whether the pressure of a fixed mass of gas will increase, decrease, or stay the same in the following circumstances: volume increases, temperature stays the same
decreases
The passage of gas particles through a small opening is called
effusion
If the veolocity of a sample of molecules is doubled, their kinetic energy
experience a strong force of attraction
Pressure =
force/surface area
Gases tend to deviate from the ideal gas law at
high pressures
State whether the pressure of a fixed mass of gas will increase, decrease, or stay the same in the following circumstances: volume decreases, temperature stayes the same
increases
State whether the pressure of a fixed mass of gas will increase, decrease, or stay the same in the following circumstances: temperature increases, volume stays the same
increases
All of the oxygen is removed from a sample of air in a glass tube. The pressure exerted by the remaining air
is reduced by about 20%
The law of combining volumes applies only to gas volumes
measured at a constant temperature and pressure
The molar mass of a gas at STP is the density of that gas
multiplied by 22.4L
At constant temperature and pressure, gas volume is directly proportional to the
number of moles of gas
The SI unit of pressure is
pascals
What is an example of gas diffusion?
the odor of perfume spreading throughout a room
What is not a characteristic of gases?
very high density
In a chemical equation, the coefficients for reactants and products that are gases indicate
volume ratios
