Chapter 11 Human Resource Management: Finding and Keeping the Best Employees
wrongful termination
The once prevailing doctrine in the United States was "empowerment at will" meaning that employers had as much freedom to fire workers as workers had to leave voluntarily. Some states and court decisions have changed that to protect employees from:
core
The period when all employees are expected to be at their job stations is called _ time
networking
The process of establishing and maintaining contacts in and outside the organization is called _
selection
The process of gathering information and deciding who should be hired is called:
job rotation
The purpose of _ is to give managers a variety of assignments to develop a broad picture of the organization as a whole
changes in the law have written traditional practices organizations recognize that employees are their ultimate resource
The roles and responsibilities of HRM professionals have evolved primarily because:
job-sharing
The schedule that lets two or more part-time workers share one full-time job is:
high costs of replacing employees
The selection process is often long and difficult, but is worth it due to the:
recruitment
The set of activities for obtaining the right number of qualified people at the right time to fill the needs of the organization is:
gathering application information conducting interviews testing the applicants
The tasks in the selection process include:
apprentice
The training program during which a learner works alongside an experience employee to master skills and procedure is a(n) _ program
orientation
The training that is provided to new employees that initiates them into the organization's policies, practices, and objectives is called:
job simulation
The training where employees can learn skills before attempting them on the job using equipment that duplicates job conditions is:
it is difficult to relate acquisition of skills to profits the pay system is complex
The two main drawbacks of skilled-based pay are:
recruiting
There are many challenges from _ a diverse pool of applicants
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 made it illegal to discriminate against certain groups of people called:
protected classes
The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 specified that employers must:
provide safety equipment to employees limit exposure to hazardous substances
Fringe benefits that may provide incentives other than pay include:
recreation facilities country club memberships company cars
The primary reason employers have become more thorough in doing background checks is:
that employee turnover and replacement has become too costly
Fringe benefits, include sick-leave pay, vacation pay, pension plans, and health plans have had an effect on:
the cost of compensation to the employee the retention of employees the cost of compensation to the employer
The job analysis yields two important statements
the job specifications the job description
An advantage of hiring contingent workers is that:
they receive fewer benefits than permanent workers they reduce the cost
True
True or false: Human resources professionals are responsible for assuring that the company acts within laws that regulate safety and discrimination
False
True or false: The Comprehensive Employment and Training Act of 1973 provides cash payments for living expenses for unemployed workers
False
True or false: The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 affects businesses with 15 or more employees
False
True or false: The Manpower Development and Training Act of 1962 provided for unemployment benefits for unemployed workers
True
True or false: The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 limited management interference in the right of employees to have a collective bargaining agent
race color religion
Under the Civil Rights Act of 1964, it is illegal for employers to discriminate based on:
Undersecretary assistant
Understudy positions include titles like:
mentor
Another employee who introduces lower-level employees to the right people and act as a sponsor within the organization is a(n):
retention
A benefit of job-sharing is _ of experienced employees who might otherwise have retired
fringe benefits
A carefully managed compensation program provides employees with some sense of financial security through:
the need to retain workers
A challenge for human resources managers because of the change from traditional manufacturing to service and high-tech manufacturing industries is:
affirmative
A controversial policy by the EEOC was _ action that is defined by increasing opportunities for minorities and women
individual
A difficult task is measuring and rewarding _ performance on teams while at the same time rewarding team performance
360-degree performance review
A performance review that seeks opinions from all around the employee, including those under, above, and on the same level is a(n):
job analysis
A study of what employees do who hold various job titles is a(n) _
piecework
A wage based on the number of items produces is a(n) _ system
greater job satisfaction higher retention rates increased productivity
A well-designed training program often leads to:
specification
A written summary of the minimum qualifications or skills required for workers to do a particular job is called a job _
protection of job applicants and workers over 40 from discrimination in employment protection of workers over 40 from discrimination in hiring enforcement by the EEOC
An important provision of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act is:
Place the three steps of training and development in order from first to last
Assess organization needs and employee skills for training gaps Design training activities to meet identified needs Evaluate the training's effectiveness
trial
At the end of the selection process, a(n) _ period can make it easier to dismiss a new employee if necessary
law
Changes in the _ are one factor created by government that has affected traditional human resources management practices
replacing
Companies need to select the best employees who apply because the cost of _ employees who leave is very high
boosts productivity
Companies that use flextime say that an advantage is that it:
prorate
Companies that use job-sharing plans sometimes must _ fringe benefits
golden handshake
Companies trying to downsize sometimes offer special early retirement benefits known as a(n) _ to encourage long-term employees with higher salaries to leave
the economy is uncertain
Contingent workers may be hired when:
customers
Having more women and minorities at all levels of the organization lets businesses serve their increasingly female and minority _ better
reverse
Discrimination against whites or males is defined as _ discrimination
guide the employee to better performance hear the employee's views on how to improve the job
Discussing an employee's successes and areas that need improvement can provide managers an opportunity to:
taxes
Employees often request more fringe benefits instead of salary, in order to avoid higher
reduce recruiting costs know the company and are productive more quickly need less training
Employees promoted from within save costs for employers because they:
part-time
Employees working 1 to 34 hours are considered _ or contingent workers
court cases
Employers must know and act in accordance with the legal rights of their employees or risk costly _
reasonable
Employers must make _ accommodations for employees with disabilities under the ADA
job
Employment test required of applicants should always be directly related to the _
employment
Equal _ laws limit the kinds of questions that can appear on employment applications so that people's rights are not violated
List the steps in the performance appraisal process starting with the first step and proceeding to the last step
Establish performance standards Communicate the standards Evaluate performance to standard Discuss results with employee Take corrective action if needed Use results to make decision about pay or promotion
information can prevent the loss of good people in the future
Exit interviews can be helpful to a company because:
compensate
Experts believe that determining how best to _ employees is today's greatest human resource management challenge because it affects the long term success of the company
salary
Fixed compensation computed on weekly, biweekly, or monthly pay periods is:
lateral transfer
Flatter organizations today often reassign an employee to a new job at the same level, which is known as a(n):
work the required number of hours complete their assigned tasks
Flextime is a system that allows employees some freedom to choose which hours to work as long as they:
cafeteria style
Fringe benefits plans that allow employees to choose the benefits they want up to a certain dollar amount is a(n) _-_ program
soft benefits
Fringe benefits such as on site concierge services, free haircuts, and free breakfasts are called:
Which of the compensation system listed are likely to be effective in building cohesive teams
Gain-sharing Skill-based pay
It is an organization's people who have the creative ideas to keep it competitive Finding qualified employees has become more difficult
Human resource management is critical to the success of the organization because:
qualified
Human resource management is important to the success of today's businesses. It is responsible for hiring the most _ people to meet a company's need for skilled workers
process
Human resource management is the _ of determining human resource needs that will achieve organizational goals
constantly assess the labor supply
Human resource managers must plan for future staffing needs so they:
staffing an organization with employees able to meet organization goals ensuring that all of the HR functions comply with legal requirements
Human resource managers perform the vital functions of:
assure that enough trained workers are available to achieve organization goals
Human resources staff must regularly assess the organization's strategic plans and the organization's human resources inventory to:
reward
If a manager really supports the team process, he needs to give teams freedom to _ themselves when they have successfully managed themselves and achieved their goals
training development
Improving an employee's short-term ability to perform needed skills is _, whereas focusing on long-term abilities is _
punitive damages for victims of international discrimination a jury trial for victims of international discrimination
In firms with more than 15 employees, the Civil Rights Act of 1991 provides for:
base
In skill-based pay, _ pay is raised when new skills are learned and applied
the increase in single parent homes the increase in two-income families
Increased flexibility in scheduling has become an important benefit for employers to offer because of:
background investigation
Investigating an applicant's work record, school record, and credit rating are often part of doing a(n) _
monitor participants' managerial skills over time
It is important in management development to:
disadvantage
The need to hire, train, motivate, and supervise at least twice as many people is a(n) _ of job sharing
terminating
Lost training costs is a factor in _ employees
planning
Managers often need training in special skills such as time management, _ and human relations skills
contingent
Managers see using _ workers as a way for weeding out poor workers and finding good hires
promotions compensation termination of employment
Managers use the information on performance appraisals to make the decision about:
outsourcing
Many companies have resorted to _ certain functions to be done by other companies because of the costs of terminating employees
Job rotation On-the-job coaching
Most management training programs include several of the following
firing
Most states now limit the at-will doctrine to protect employees from wrongful _
job analysis
Observing current employees doing a job, discussing the job with managers, and keeping activity diaries are part of the process of:
Rank the steps of the typical selection process starting with the first step and listing them in order to the last step
Obtain complete application forms Conduct initial and follow-up interviews Give employment tests Conduct background investigations Obtain results from physical exams Establish probationary periods
shadowing
On-the-job training lets the employee learn by _ an experienced employee and then imitating them
overturn Supreme Court rulings that reduced protections
One way the 2008 Americans with Disabilities Amendments Act responded to new issues that arose after the initial law as passed was to:
40
Overtime pay was established in the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 for employees working over _ hours per week
List the five steps in human resource planning in order from first to last, the the first step at the top
Preparing a human resource inventory Preparing a job analysis Assessing future human resources demand Assessing future human resources supply Establishing a strategic plan
establishment of the 40 hour work week overtime pay for more than 40 hours per week establish of a minimum wage
Provision of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 and its amendments include:
Identify some of the challenges in human resource management Shift in employee attitudes toward work
Retirement of baby boomers Increase in overseas labor pools
their compensation may not be competitive
Small business have difficulty recruiting qualified workers because:
hire and train internally
Sometimes people with necessary skills are not available, and then companies must:
A human resource inventory should include which of the following types of information about employees
Specialized skills Demographics such as age and educational level Languages spoken
heart disease epilepsy cancer
The ADA of 2008 adds new disabilities such as _ to ADA coverage
40
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 outlawed employment practices that discriminate against people over the age of:
mandatory
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act outlaws _ retirement in most organizations. This prevents workers from being force to retire sooner than they want to
qualified
The American with Disabilities Act of 1990 prohibits employers from discriminating against _ individuals with disabilities
qualified
The American with Disabilities Acts of 1990 prohibits employers from discriminating against _ individuals with disabilities
set guidelines for employers' administration of EEO
The Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 authorized the EEOC to:
equal
The Equal Pay Act of 1963 specified that men and women doing _ jobs must be paid the same wage
age
The Older Workers Benefits Protection Act of 1990 protects older people from illegal _ discrimination
strategic plan
The _ addresses how all the functions of human resources management will meet the long-term needs of the organization
online training
The ability to provide a large number of employees with consistent content tailored to specific training needs at convenient times is the key advantage to:
orientation program
The activity that initiates new employees into the organization, it's policies and procedures, and its objectives is a(n):
retains valued employees motivates workers to perform well
The choice of a pay system that is fair and competitive in today's labor market is important to an organization's survival because it:
enforcement
The continuing issue for human resource management under ADA is _
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
The federal law that requires employers to verify employment eligibility of new hires, including American citizens is the:
performance appraisal
The human resources management function that provides information for decisions about training, promotion, and compensation is:
A job description specifies which of the following
The job's relation to other functions Objectives of the job Responsibilities and duties of the job
affirmative
The most controversial policy enforced by the EEOC was _ action, designed to right past wrongs
the need to do it early to attract and retain them bringing a more diverse group to management will increase long-term profitability that they will serve their increasingly diverse customers better
Three principles companies must understand in developing a more diverse management group are:
discrimination
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act prohibits _ in hiring, firing, compensation or privileges of empowerment based on race, religion, creed, sex, or national origin
limit entry to the union ensure excellence and maintain standards
Trade unions require a new worker to serve as an apprentice to:
Improve productivity retain workers without pay increases increase and employee's ability to perform
Training and development are the activities that attempt to:
off-the-job-training
Training and occurs away from the workplace to develop a variety of skills and personal development activities such as time management, stress management, or conflict management is:
satisfy legal requirements make the process more efficient
Using actual job tasks in employment testing can:
satisfies legal requirements can make the selection process more efficient
Using an assessment center for testing applicants' ability to perform tasks actually required in the job:
Allow sufficient time Include the employee in the process End the appraisal with positive suggestions
What are some of the dos or conducting an effective appraisal and review
More women entering the workforce Workers getting older Becoming more technically orientated
What factors in the labor force are affecting the future labor supply
Understandable Measurable Reasonable
What three factors must be present in performance standards
on-the-job coaching
When a lower-level manager is taught needed skills and given direction and advice by more senior manager, it is:
Businesses did not exercise fair labor practices voluntarily
When did the federal government pass legislation to regulate human resource decisions
a bonus
When previous performance is exceeded, a gain-sharing system provides:
Compensation Training Promotion
Which decisions are affected by performance appraisals
Observing current employees on the job Discussing a job with managers
Which of the following tasks are part of a job analysis
Hay
Which pay system uses a tiered system of pay ranges based on know-how, problem solving, and accountability
male
Women often have more difficulty than men in networking or finding mentors, since most senior managers are _
home based
Workers who are _ -_ can choose their own hours, interrupt work for child care, or take time out for personal reasons
lateral
_ job transfers allow employees to develop and display new skills and learn more about the company overall instead of moving to a new firm
vestibule
_ training is done in classrooms on equipment similar to that used on the job to teach employees proper methods and safety procedures before assuming a specific job
trade
_ unions in skilled crafts require a new worker to serve as an apprentice for several years to ensure excellence
It is important to plan and prepare all interviewers for the interview because:
missteps and illegal questions can lead to lawsuits based on anti-discrimination laws
Organizations can develop a diversified workforce whose managers include women and minorities by using:
networking mentoring
According to the American with Disabilities Act, medical tests:
cannot be given just to screen out individuals with disabilities
ERISA regulates and insures:
company retirement plans
An important factor in motivating employees to be productive is to have systems in place that:
compensate them fairly
Performance appraisals are important to making good decision about:
compensation training promotion
Internal sources for recruitment are less expensive than using outside sources and improves employee morale. They include:
department reorganizations promotions retained employees
The primary purpose of the appraisal is to improve employee performance by:
determining whether the employee is meeting job standards
Which of the following types of information can legally be obtained from a job application form
educational qualifications work experience
Companies offer soft benefits because they understand that:
employees value work-life balance employees will spend more time at work employees need time with their families
The changes in the U.S. workforce that create challenges for human resource managers include:
employees who want leisure time increased concert over health care benefits more single-parent homes
The purpose of a probationary period is to:
let the new employee prove their value to the organization make it easier to terminate the employee who is not performing well reduce the probability of legal action by the employee
Examples of fringe benefits that provide additional compensation to employees beyond wages include:
life insurance paid vacation sick days
The accelerating cost of administering benefits programs has led to:
many organizations outsourcing that function