Chapter 11 Rome Vocabulary
Theodora
Wife of Justinian; smart; powerful; convinced Justinian to stay and fight(the rebellion)
Apostles
12 disciples whom Jesus chose to receive special training
Civil Law
A legal system based on a code of laws
Aqueduct
A raised channel used to carry water from mountains into cities
Crucifixion
A type or execution in which a person was nailed to a cross
Julius Caesar
Great general; admired for his bravery and skill; respected for treating his soldiers we'll; conquered nearly all of Gaul between 58 & 50 BC; excellent speaker; key figure in Roman politics; won many supporters and had powerful friends; ruled Rome with Pompey and Crassus; pomp eyes allies demanded that Caesar give up his power but he went to war with them and defeated them; made himself dictator in 45 BC; many people resented the way he gained power and were concerned that he wanted to become king of Rome; was stabbed to death by a group of Senators in 44 BC on March 15
Romance languages
Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, & Romanian
Resurrection
Jesus's rise from the dead
Pompey
One of Rome's most influential men; friends with Caesar; fled Italy with his allies after trying to force Caesar to give up his power; was defeated in Greece in 48 BC by Caesar; killed by orders of an Egyptian king
Augustus
Caesar's adopted son; also called Octavian; took control of Rome along with Marc Antony after caesar's assassination; punished Caesar's murderers; set out with an army to avenge Caesar's death; defeated Caesar's murderers at the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC; Octavian and Antony had a civil war because Antony married Octavian's sister and divorced her for cleopatra; Octavian won; Octavian became Rome's sole ruler; named himself princeps or first citizen; had limitless power
Justinian
Emperor who ruled from 527 to 565; his armies conquered Italy and much land around the Mediterranean; had a passion for reuniting the old Roman Empire, law, and church; removed out-of-date and unchristian laws and then organized all the laws into a new legal code called the Justinian code which helped guarantee fair treatment for all; made many enemies; crushed an uprising with the help of his wife Theodora in 532; empire declined after his death
Paul
Apostle that traveled throughout the roman world spreading Christian teachings; told Christians that they didn't have to obey all Jewish laws and rituals; introduced non-Jews to Christianity
Diocletian
Became emperor in the late 200s; ruled the eastern half of the empire and named a co-emperor to rule the west
Jesus of Nazareth
Born around the end of the 1st century BC; many people believe he is the Jewish Messiah; one of the most influential figures in all of world history; born in Bethlehem; attracted many followers as he traveled the Judaen countryside; his teachings challenged the authority of political leaders; arrested in Jerusalem around 30 AD; Jesus was crucified and rose back to life on the third day
Constantine
Emperor in the early 300s who lifted the ban in Christianity after he became a Christian; 1st roman emperor to become a Christian; reunited the empire; moved the capital and named the new capital city "Constantinople"
Attila
Leader of the Huns; raided Roman territory in the east
Currency
Money
Christianity
Religion based on the life and teachings of Jesu of Nazareth
Pax Romana
Roman peace
Cicero
Roman who tried to stop chaos in Rome's government; philosopher; gifted orator (public speaker); wanted Romans to give more support to the senate and restore checks & balances to the government; wanted upperclass Romans to work together and make Rome a better place; most people did t listen
Corruption
The decay of people's values
Bible
The holy book of Christianity; made up of two parts; the Old Testament, which tells the history and ideas of Hebrew and Jewish people, and the New Testament which tells the life of jesus
Byzantine Empire
The society that developed in the eastern Roman Empire after the fall of the western Roman Empire
