Chapter 11

Dr. Cheng studies social influence. He is concerned because he finds that rates of conformity in his experiments are much higher than those reported by his cousin, another social influence researcher. Which reason might account for this difference?

Dr. Cheng is conducting his experiments in a country that prizes collectivism, whereas his cousin is conducting experiments in a country that prizes individualism.

Lila's professor is curt with everyone on the first day of class. She thinks that her new professor is rude. This _____ will likely influence Lila to act negatively toward her professor.

attitude

Alexandra is well liked by her friends. When one watches her, one can see that she mimics her friends' gestures and seems to match their moods. It may be that this automatic mimicry is a component of:

empathy.

Several high schools send students to a mock state assembly on a field trip. The students tend to prefer other students from their own high schools. What may be occurring?

ingroup bias

In Solomon Asch's conformity experiments, researchers find that conformity to the group does NOT increase when:

one is made to feel proud.

Researchers find that conformity to the group does NOT increase when:

one is made to feel secure.

Which of the following is NOT a component of prejudice?

social acceptance

_____ psychologists explore how we think about, influence, and relate to one another.

social.

Attitudes are most likely NOT to affect behavior when:

the attitude is unstable.

Liam decides to make a positive change in his life. Instead of going to work with a frown on his face, he will force himself to smile when he walks in the door. According to _____, altering one's behavior predicts a good chance of changing one's attitude.

the attitudes-follow-behavior principle

While walking 30 yards from the ocean shoreline, Mr. Hughes heard a swimmer cry for help. However, he continued walking because he figured that one of the many swimmers in the vicinity would provide help if it was needed. His reaction BEST illustrates:

the bystander effect.

It is an election year, and a volunteer asks if Jay would put a small sign in his yard. He agrees. The next week, Jay's wife cannot believe he agreed to put a 3-foot sign on the front lawn. This scenario is explained by:

the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

Shortly after learning he did not make it onto his high school football team, Alex vandalized the team's locker room and broke several of the school's windows. His behavior is BEST explained in terms of:

the frustration-aggression principle.

As Spencer is driving to campus one day, another car cuts him off and speeds ahead. Immediately, he yells out "Crazy driver!" not realizing that the person is rushing to get to the hospital. Spencer's judgment BEST illustrates:

the fundamental attribution error.

What principle explains why we help children and others who cannot give back as much in return?

the social-responsibility norm

In terms of the bystander effect, the best odds of us helping someone would NOT include:

us being in a hurry.

_____ are feelings that are based on beliefs. They predispose people to react in a particular way to objects, people, and events.

Attitudes

Which question would a social psychologist be LEAST likely to research?

In what situations do people tend to exhibit helping behavior?