Chapter 12

Which best describes a branch point in a phylogenetic tree?

new lineage

List the different levels of the taxonomic classification system.

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.

phylogeny

Evolutionary history of a species

the taxonomic classification system is

Species are the most specific category of classification.

analogies is

They are derived by response to similar environmental pressures

What is true about organisms that are a part of the same clade?

They evolved from a shared ancestor.

maximum parsimony

applying the simplest, most obvious way with the least number of steps

Which best describes the relationship between chimpanzees and humans?

chimpanzees and humans evolved from a common ancestor

A monophyletic group is a ________.

clade

What is a phylogeny a description of?

evolutionary history

What do scientists in the field of systematics accomplish?

organize and classify organisms

homologous traits

share a similar structures of organisms resulting from the common descent from a common ancestor

What kind of trait is important to cladistics?

shared derived traits

. How does a phylogenetic tree indicate major evolutionary events within a lineage?

shows the order in which evolutionary events took place and in what order certain characteristics and organisms evolved in relation to others.

molecular systematics

uses DNA and other molecular data to determine evolutionary relationships