chapter 12 minerals

The type of iron found in plant foods is referred to as

nonheme iron.

more than

Americans typically consume ______ the RDA of 0.9 mg/day for copper. Multiple choice question. less than exactly more than

growth reproduction energy metabolism immune function wound healing

Choose the functions of iron.

wound healing, metabolism, bone and cartilage formation, antioxidant function

Choose the functions of manganese. Multiple select question. wound healing muscle contraction antioxidant function bone and cartilage formation metabolism

iron copper zinc selenium

Choose the minerals that are classified as trace minerals.

carbohydrate lipid protein

Chromium is important for the metabolism and storage of ______. Multiple select question. carbohydrate lipid protein alcohol

Insulin

Chromium may help with the function of which hormone?

Cancer Heart disease

Evidence is inconclusive on the role of selenium-rich diets in lowering risk for which of the following? Multiple select question. Diabetes Cancer Obesity Heart disease

selenosis

Exceeding the daily UL for selenium can lead to toxicity, known as

Thyroid hormone synthesis

Select the primary function of iodine. Multiple choice question. Thyroid hormone synthesis Growth and development Bone mineralization

selenoproteins

Selenium functions within the body as a component of several proteins referred to as ______

f

True or false: Conclusive evidence suggests that selenium, an antioxidant, has been show to significantly reduce the risk of cancer.

true

True or false: Fluoridated water over a lifetime may reduce a person's likelihood of tooth decay by 25%.

seeds organ meats whole grains

Which of the following are good sources of copper? Multiple select question. seeds organ meats dairy products whole grains

Brussels sprouts cauliflower cabage

Which of the following foods contain goitrogens? Multiple select question. iceberg lettuce cauliflower cabbage brussels sprouts

young American women

Which of the following groups has marginally adequate intakes of iodine? Multiple choice question. young American women middle-aged American women middle-aged American men young American men

Fluoride

Which of the following is not considered an essential nutrient? Multiple choice question. Zinc Iodine Fluoride Iron

Goiter

enlargement of the thyroid gland not result of cancer occur among population living in areas lack iodine in locally produced foods. inlad-far from ocean

heme iron ​

iron found in meat that is efficiently absorbed

nonheme iron nonheme iron

iron that is not absorbed efficiently; found in meat, vegetables, grains, supplements, and fortified or enriched foods

are reflective of chromium content in the soil.

Chromium levels in plant foods Multiple choice question. are reflective of chromium content in the soil. are not absorbed as well as in animal sources are lower than animal sources.

inorganic

Consuming high amounts of the ______ form of arsenic can cause health problems such as cancer.

diarrhea, depressed immune system function lowered HDL cholesterol levels

Exceeding the UL for zinc may result in Multiple select question. increased LDL cholesterol levels. lowered HDL cholesterol levels. diarrhea. depressed immune system function.

it is not require for growth. it does not sustain life.

Fluoride is not considered an essential nutrient because

an enlargement of the thyroid gland as a result of an iodine deficiency.

Goiter

San Diego, CA

If an individual ate primarily locally produced foods, which location would have the least likelihood for developing goiter?

chromium

John just found out that he has impaired glucose tolerance and elevated blood cholesterol. Which mineral could John be deficient in? Multiple choice question. chromium selenium iron iodine

150 mcg/day

Multiple Choice Question What is the adult RDA for iodide? Multiple choice question. 500 mcg/day 50 mcg/day 250 mcg/day 150 mcg/day

Iran

Question Mode Multiple Choice Question In what country was Zinc deficiency first discovered? Multiple choice question. USA Russia Iran Mexico

enzymes

Recall that selenium is a component of several Multiple choice question. lipoproteins. hormones. enzymes. fuel sources.

Cofactor for more than 50 enzymes DNA synthesis

Select all that apply Which of the following are functions of zinc? Multiple select question. Cofactor for more than 50 enzymes Fat metabolism Release of glucagon DNA synthesis

Broccoli Potatoes Whole-grain Bread

Select food sources for chromium. Multiple select question. Yogurt Whole-grain Bread Potatoes Broccoli

Brazil nuts baked beans

Select food sources of selenium that could be consumed by a vegan. Multiple select question. Brazil nuts baked beans egg white bread

oysters, beens, beef roast

Select rich food sources of zinc. Multiple select question. beef roast oysters baked beans bananas and citrus

Tuna, 3 oz

Select the food source that provides the most selenium per serving. Multiple choice question. Sunflower seeds, 1/4 cup Tuna, 3 oz Egg, fried, 1 large Egg noodles, cooked, 1 cup

reduce thyroid production.

Soy products, turnips, and broccoli all contain compounds that Multiple choice question. enhance iodide absorption. reduce thyroid production. inhibit calcitonin release. increase iodide absorption.

a 30-year-old woman

The RDA for iron is highest for Multiple choice question. a 30-year-old woman. a 30-year-old man. children.

400

The UL for selenium is

40

The UL for zinc is _____ mg per day

cellular

Thyroid hormone controls the rate of ______ metabolism.

fluorosis

Using a pea-sized amount of toothpaste, rinsing with water and spitting out excess fluid when brushing teeth will help prevent dental

swallowing dental rinses swallowing toothpaste

What are causes of fluorosis in children?

The absorptive cells of the small intestine make ferritin which blocks iron absorption.

What happens when the body has adequate iron stores? Multiple choice question. The absorptive cells of the small intestine allow more iron to enter the blood stream. The transferrin receptors increase in number on the cell membrane. The absorptive cells of the small intestine make ferritin which blocks iron absorption.

18 mg/day

What is the RDA for iron in women under the age of 50?

Iodized salt, 1/2 tsp

What is the best food source for iodide? Multiple choice question. Egg, hard boiled, 1 large Iodized salt, 1/2 tsp Shrimp, 3 oz Milk, 8 fl oz

milk saltwater fish seaweed

Which of the following are good dietary sources of iodine? Multiple select question. strawberries milk saltwater fish seaweed

Molybdenum

Which of the following is a cofactor of four enzymes including sulfite oxidase and xanthine oxidase? Multiple choice question. Maltodextrin Molybdenum Manganese Magnesium

Iron Copper Manganese

Which of the following minerals are trace minerals?

Arsenic boron lithium nickle silicon vanadium

Which of the following minerals may have physiological roles in the body but since their roles are not clear, they have not been classified as essential nutrients? Multiple select question. Nickel Vanadium Calcium Fluoride Arsenic

meat

Zinc deficiencies were first observed in diets high in unleavened breads. The food group they were most likely to lack that contributed to the zinc deficiency was Multiple choice question. meat. carbohydrates. dairy. vegetables.

Wound healing

Zinc is necessary for which of the following? Multiple choice question. Hair growth Wound healing Vision

iron

a necessary trace mineral for oxygen delivery and immune function.

Ferritin

the major storage form of iron that also helps regulate iron absorption.