Chapter 12 Quiz

How would you design an experiment to show that two genes were closely linked? Select one: a. Do mating studies and look at the rate of mutation. b. Do mating studies and look at the rate of crossing over. c. Do mating studies and look at the rate of nondisjunction.

Do mating studies and look at the rate of crossing over.

How could you determine the probability of an offspring having a genetic disease if you know the genotype of the parents? Select one: a. Flip a coin. b. Do probability equations based on previous children by these same parents. c. Draw a punnett square.

Draw a punnett square

Who discovered independent assortment of genetic factors (homologous chromosomes)? Select one: a. Mendel b. Einstein c. Darwin

Mendel

The process of drawing square diagrams to predict the outcomes of a cross was developed by: Select one: a. Darwin. b. Punnett. c. Mendel.

Punnett

What is the most direct way we can show that an individual is a carrier for a recessive disease after the gene has been characterized? Select one: a. Test for the presence of the disease-causing allele. b. Perform mating studies. c. Analyze family pedigrees.

Test for the presence of the disease-causing allele.

For the results of Mendel's dihybrid cross to be a 9:3:3:1 ratio of traits, what must the relationship of each gene pair be? Select one: a. The genes must be on the same chromosome. b. The genes must be linked. c. The genes must be on separate chromosomes.

The genes must be on separate chromosomes.

The two forms of genes found in the same location on the homologous chromosomes are called: Select one: a. traits. b. alleles. c. factors.

alleles

Linked genes are ____________. Select one: a. always on different chromosomes. b. always on the same chromosome. c. always far apart on the chromosomes.

always on the same chromosome

The set of observable traits of an organism is known as its ____________________________. Select one: a. genetic nature b. phenotype c. genotype

phenotype

An allele masked or hidden by the presence of another is referred to as ___________. Select one: a. dominant b. recessive c. silent

recessive

What type of cross did Mendel use to determine whether a plant was homozygous or heterozygous? Select one: a. dihybrid cross b. monohybrid cross c. test cross

test cross

When Mendel crossed two "true-breeding" pea plants with contrasting traits (e.g., tall versus short), why did all the plants from the first (F1) generation only show one of the traits? Select one: a. The factor for the other trait disappeared in the first generation. b. All of the F1 generation was heterozygous for the trait. c. The factor for the observed trait was "stronger" than the non-observed trait.

All of the F1 generation was heterozygous for the trait.

The probability of a single allele getting into a gamete is 50%. What is the probability of that allele getting into the next generation? Select one: a. 25% b. 50% c. 100%

50 %

When two individuals who are heterozygous for a trait mate, what is the probability that their offspring will exhibit the dominant trait? Select one: a. 75% b. 25% c. 50%

75%

Why did Gregor Mendel snip off the male sexual part of some of the flowers in his pea plants? Select one: a. He wanted to control fertilization. b. He wanted to observe natural fertilization. c. He wanted to control meiosis.

He wanted to control fertilization

Mendel's Law of Segregation has which of the following relationships to the concept of homologous chromosomes? Select one: a. Two sets of homologues contain one version of all the genes. b. One set of homologues contains one version of all the genes. c. Homologous chromosomes are randomly distributed to the gametes.

One set of homologues contains one version of all the genes.

How could you develop true-breeding (homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive) plants like Gregor Mendel did? Select one: a. Use a repeated selection of traits you desire through several generations. b. Conduct genetic analysis of the plant DNA. c. Use only plants with the trait you desire for the next generation.

Use a repeated selection of traits you desire through several generations.

When following the inheritance of two different pairs of contrasting traits, this is called a: Select one: a. dihybrid cross b. monohybrid cross c. test cross

dihybrid cross

In a monohybrid cross, how many internal squares does a Punnett Square contain? Select one: a. one b. four c. sixteen

four

Mendel worked with what type of organism in his famous studies? a. garden pea b. mouse c. chrysanthemum

garden pea

The alleles an organism contains is known as its _____________________. Select one: a. genetic nature b. phenotype c. genotype

genotype

Human males always express the genes on their single X chromosome; thus, they are said to be _________ for these traits. Select one: a. hemizygous b. homozygous c. heterozygous

hemizygous

Individuals with two different forms of a gene are called ______ for that gene. Select one: a. heterozygous b. homozygous c. hemizygous

heterozygous

If two chromosomes are said to be linked, they are usually _________________. Select one: a. inherited together b. right next to each other c. far away from each other

inherited together

Mendel showed that only one of two factors (genes) associated with a trait is present in gametes. This is known as the: Select one: a. law of segregation b. law of genetic linkage c. law of independent assortment

law of segregation

The position of a pair of alleles on homologous chromosomes is formally known as their: Select one: a. locus. b. location. c. locutus.

locus