Chapter 12: The President
Treaty
A formal international agreement between two or more countries; in the United States, requires the "advice and consent" of the Senate
Executive Office of the President
A group of organizations that advise the president on a wide range of issues; includes the Office of Management and Budget, the National Security Council, and the Council of Economic Advisers
Executive Order
A rule or regulation issued by the president that has the force of law, based either on the constitutional powers of the presidency or on congressional statutes
Chief of Staff
A top adviser to the president who also manages the White House staff
National Security Advisor
A top foreign policy and defense adviser to the president who heads the National security Council
Council of Economic Advisors
An organization in the Executive Office of the President made up of a small group of economists who advise on economic policy
National Security Council
An organization in the Executive Office of the President made up of officials from the State and Defense Departments, the CIA, and the military, who advise on foreign and security affairs
State of the Union Address
Annual address to the nation by the president, delivered before a joint session of Congress, on the state of the nation and his legislative proposals for addressing national problems
Unitary Executive
Constitutional doctrine that proposes that the executive branch is under the direct control of the president who has all authority necessary to control the actions of federal bureaucracy personnel and units without interference from the other federal branches
Unified Government
Control of the executive and legislative branches by the same political party
Divided Government
Control of the executive and the legislative branches by different political parties
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
Part of the Executive Office of the President that advises on the federal budget, domestic legislation, and regulations; helps the president prepare the annual budget request to Congress and does oversight of rulemaking by executive branch agencies
Veto
Presidential disapproval of a bill that has been passed by both houses of Congress. The president's veto can be overridden by a 2/3 vote in each house
Pocket Veto
Rejection of a bill if the president takes no action on it for 10 days and Congress has adjourned during that period
Institutional Presidency
The permanent bureaucracy associated with the presidency, designed to help the incumbent of the office carry out his responsibilities