chapter 13

The judiciary Act of 1789 established the Federal Court system which today includes all of the following EXCEPT

50 state Supreme Courts

Rules and regulations made and applied by regulatory agencies and commissions are known as

Administrative Law

All of the following are special courts EXCEPT the

Circuit Courts of Appeal

all of the following are constitutional courts except the

Court of Military Appeals

A group of 16-23 people who evaluate whether there is enough evidence against a person to order him or her to stand trial

Grand Jury

The view of the Supreme Court Justices who agree with a particular ruling in a case is the

Majority opinion

The Supreme Court case which establish the principle of judicial review

Marbury v. Madison

The judicial precept that gives us the principle that precedent should determine the outcome of cases is referred to as

Stare Decisis

Laws that are created by a legislative body such as the congress, state legislature or city council

Statutory Law

An order form the Supreme Court requiring a lower court to send the record of a case for review

Writ of certiorari

Within the Supreme Court, the "rule of four" describes the number of justices needed to

accept a case for judicial review

There are nine justices on the supreme court. This number is specified by

an Act of Congress

A supreme Court opinion by one or more justices in the minority who oppose a ruling in a case

dissenting opinion

The Supreme Court's power to determine what is and what is not constitutional is referred to as

judicial review

The power of the courts to establish the constitutionality of national, state, or local acts of government is called the power of

judicial review

A courts authority to hear and decide a case for the first time is called

original jurisdiction

Appellate jurisdiction is

the authority of a court to hear cases on appeal

All of the following are true of federal judges/justices EXCEPT

they must retire at age 70

For a case to be heard in the supreme Court, the court must issue a call for a lower court to send to the Supreme Court the records related to the case. This call is referred to as

writ of certiorari