Chapter 13

What are gyres in the world's ocean?

large oval-shaped circulation patterns of surface currents

Tree rings, fossils, stalactites, ice cores, and tiny marine organisms are all types of _____________ evidence we use to study past climate changes.

proxy

During the daytimes, air rises over the relatively warm land and sinks over the cool ocean, creating a __________ breeze.

sea

Wind direction is given as the direction __________.

the air is coming from

Direct evidence of global warming through ocean and air temperatures have been collected for approximately 170 years using ______.

thermometers

Seasons are caused by the ______ of Earth relative to the sun.

tilt

High-pressure systems are associated with

- Sinking air masses -Clockwise flow (Northern Hemisphere) -Clear skies

Identify possible consequences of climate change.

- Some regions might get colder - Snow and ice might melt faster. thus reducing the extent of glaciers -The distribution of communities of plants and animals may shift in response to changing climate.

Which of the following may change as the amount of sea ice and glacial coverage on land decreases as the climate warms?

- The location and strength of the themohaline conveyor -The location and strength of surface currents

Which are the following are true about the surface currents in the world's oceans?

- Warm and cold currents link up to form oval-shaped circulation patterns called gyres. -Ocean currents transfer large amounts of energy around the surface of the earth.

Which of the following factors directly influence the wind?

-Heat absorbed by the evaporation of water. -Heat released by the condensation of water. -Unequal solar heating.

Rank the following in logical order to describe monsoons in India over the course of a year. Start with winter conditions and progress through summer.

1 Dry air moves across India and blows toward the Indian ocean 2 A dry season develops over the region as little rain falls 3 Heating in the Himalaya Mountains and Tibet cause air to warm and rise. 4 Low atmospheric pressure is generated. 5 Winds reverse directions and most air moves from the Indian Ocean into India. 6 Water vapor condenses and heavy rain falls on India.

Rank the sediment transport process in terms of grain size, with the finest on top and the coarsest on bottom.

1 Sediment is carried in Suspension 2 Sediment is transported through saltation and bounces along the surface 3 Sediment rolls across the surface of the ground 4 Sediment is not transported at all but remains stationary

Match the letter with the sediment size most likely to be associated with the situation.

A Pebbles and Large material B Smaller sand-sized grains C very small particles (clay and silt) D Larger sand-sized grains

Identify the major ocean basins in the image by matching the letter to the correct name.

A- North Pacific B- South Atlantic C-Indian Ocean D- Southern Ocean E- Arctic Ocean F- South Pacific G- North Atlantic

True or False: The seasons are caused by earth's proximity to the sun.

False

Match Oceans to their description

Indian Ocean- Most of it lies south of the equator.... Western Pacific Ocean- It is the largest ocean basin with one large gyre in each hemisphere... Arctic Ocean- Surface waters flow into this ocean via the boring, Labrador, and Greenland.... Southeastern Pacific Ocean- In this ocean, cold water flows north in the Humboldt Current.... Southern Atlantic Ocean- This ocean lies between South America and Africa...