Chapter 13: Protists, Fungi & Viruses

Which of the following are single-celled organisms that are alive, and can live inside the human body?

Bacteria

How does the size of a bacterium and virus compare?

Bacteria are usually larger than viruses

Viruses that target bacteria are known as:

Bacteriophages

Which of the following is a characteristic of fungi?

Cell wall made of CHITIN

Virus structure

Contains genetic material either DNA or RNA, and a protein coat.

By analyzing DNA, scientists have hypothesized that _____ are evolutionary ancestors of plant-like protists such as red and green algae.

Cyanobacteria

Scientists hypothesize that the evolutionary ancestor of both plants and fungi were:

Protists

Looking through a microscope at a drop of pond water, you see a unicellular organism with a nucleus and chloroplasts. It is most likely a(n):

Protophyta

Which of the following correctly pairs the name with the shape?

Rod-shape: bacillus

Which is a step in the lytic life cycle of a virus?

the host cell explodes

stages of lytic cycle

1) Attachment: Virus infects host cell 2) Penetration: Virus takes over cell functions 3) Biosynthesis: Virus commands host cell to make copies of virus 4) Maturation: Host cell bursts releasing new viruses to infect other cells 5) Release: Some bacteria use restrict. enzymes

What is a virus?

A tiny, nonliving, particle that enters and reproduces inside a living cell.

Lysogenic cycle

A viral reproductive cycle in which the viral DNA is added to the host cell's DNA and is copied along with the host cell's DNA.

Which of the following is a way scientists classify, or organize, viruses?

ALL answers are correct: by who they infect by the shape of their capsid by how they replicate

Of the following, which group(s) of protists is(are) heterotrophs?

Animal-like and Fungus-like

When antibiotics no longer effectively treat a bacterial infection, it is known as:

Antibiotic resistance

Which kingdom contains the oldest known organism found on earth?

Archaebacteria

What is nucleic acid?

DNA and RNA

All of the following can make up a virus, except:

EXCEPT: Cells MAKE UP A VIRUS: envelope capsid nucleic acid

Which of the following correctly pairs the type of protist with the primary source of nutrition?

Fungus-like: absorption

Which of the following CORRECTLY pairs the group of archaebacteria with the environment in which the group lives?

Halophiles: the Great Salt Lake

Which of the following is NOT a disease caused by bacteria?

NOT CAUSED BY BACTERIA: The common cold CAUSED BY BACTERIA: Tuberculosis Cholera Bubonic plague

Which of the following is not a characteristic of all prokaryotes?

NOT Characteristic: Multicellular Characteristics: Unicellular Have a cell wall Have a nucleiod Small in size

Which of the following does not describe plants?

NOT DESCRIBE: Heterotrophic DESCRIBE: Eukaryotic Non-motile Cell wall made of cellulose Photosynthetic

What characteristic does not describe both plants and fungi?

NOT DESCRIBE: Photosynthetic DESCRIBE: Stationary Eukaryotic Mostly multicellular Cell wall

Which of the following is NOT a possible benefit of bacteria and viruses?

NOT POSSIBLE: Helping break down the alcohol in our system POSSIBLE: Fighting other unwanted pathogens and bacteria Helping to digest our food Helping us learn to fight viruses through vaccinations

Which of the following is not a characteristic of all three types of protists?

NOT a Characteristic: Heterotrophic Characteristics: Eukaryotic Mostly aquatic Mostly unicellular Contain a nucleus

What evolutionary development in plants allowed for an increase in the size of the organisms and removed the need for plants to only live in moist environments?

Vascular tissue

Which of the following are particles made of DNA or RNA, a protein coat, and an envelope of fats?

Viruses