Chapter 13 Study Assist

Place the following steps in order for motor control 1. Upper motor neurons stimulate lower motor neurons 2. Sensory information is relayed back to the cerebellum so movement can be modified if needed 3. Upper motor neurons in the premotor cortex select a motor program 4. Lower motor neurons stimulate a skeletal muscles to contract 5. The basal nuclei enable the thalamus to stimulate upper motor neurons of the primary cortex

3,5,1,4,2

What is NOT true of muscle spindles? A. Muscle spindles are embedded within extrafusal muscle fibers B. Muscle spindles are found within tendons C. Muscle spindles are receptors for the stretch reflex D. The contractile poles of intrafusual fibers within muscle spindles are innervated by y-motor neurons

Muscle spindles are found within tendons

The vagus nerve is represented by Roman numeral:

X

What type of motor neuron stimulates skeletal muscle fibers to contract by the excitation-contraction mechanism?

a-motor neuron

What specific spinal nerve branch controls the movement of rectus abdominis, a skeletal muscle on the anterior surface of the body?

anterior ramus

Which of the following houses motor neurons?

anterior root of spinal nerve

Which plexus provides motor and sensory innervation to the upper limb?

brachial plexus

Regions of skin supplied by a spinal nerve for somatic sensation are known as:

dermatomes

Which of the following must occur first in a reflex arc? A. detection by receptor and delivery of stimulus B. delivery of motor response to effector C. integration in the central nervous system (CNS) D. transmission from the primary motor cortex

detection by receptor and delivery of stimulus

What is the outermost connective tissue covering of a nerve?

epineurium

In the crossed-extension reflex, if the rights leg flexes, then the left leg:

extends

Bundles of axons within a nerve are known as:

fasicles

A typical somatic sensory neuron is classified as a:

first-order neuron

Determine the polysynaptic reflex from the list of examples A. jaw-jerk reflex B. flexion (withdrawal) reflex C. simple stretch reflex D. patellar (knee-jerk) reflex

flexion (withdrawal) reflex

Which cranial nerve is generally thought of as a mixed nerve?

glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

The inability to produce a gag reflex could indicate a problem with the:

glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) or vagus nerve (X)

What connects the upper motor neurons to lower motor neurons?

interneurons

Potentially damaging stimuli that result in pain are selectively detected by:

nociceptors

Which of the following does NOT belong to the brachial plexus? A. median nerve B. phrenic nerve C. musculocutaneous nerve D. ulanr nerve

phrenic nerve

A network of nerves is known as a:

plexus

Which of the following parts of a spinal nerve carries sensory information only?

posterior (dorsal) root

Mechanoreceptors might detect which of the following sensations?

pressure

Which muscle or muscle group is served by the femoral nerve?

quadriceps femoris group

Sensory receptors that adapt to stimuli after a certain period of time are:

rapidly adapting receptors

Visceral pain may be perceived as cutaneous pain

referred pain

Olfactory receptors depolarize in response to an odorant, turning a stimulus into an electrical signal. This conversion is known as:

sensory transduction

Which division detects stimuli of the general senses and special senses?

somatic sensory division

You wrap your hands around a warm cup of hot chocolate. This sensation is detected by a:

thermoreceptor

An inability to swallow indicates a problem with the:

trigeminal nerve (IV) or glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

What cranial nerves are involved in the sensory and the motor roles for the corneal blink reflex?

trigeminal nerve (V) as sensory; facial nerve (VII) as motor

The cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue include all of the following EXCEPT: A. facial nerve (VII) B. trochlear nerve (IV) C. trigeminal nerve (V) D. glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

trochlear nerve (IV)

What is the name of cranial nerve VIII?

vestibulocochlear nerve

Loss of balance and equilibrium can indicate damage to the

vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

The sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system are divisions of the:

visceral motor division (or autonomic nervous system, ANS)