Chapter 13: The Skeletal System

How many bones are in the human body?

206 bones

How many bones do babies have?

270 bones

What are the smallest bones in the body?

malleus, incus, stapes

Appendicular Skeleton

-Made up of the bones of the arms, legs, hands, feet, shoulders, and pelvis

Bone structure

-Over 20% of the weight of bone is water. -Two-thirds of the remainder are minerals and one-third, are organic matter. -The main minerals are calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium -Organic matter is primarily collagen, a type of protein fiber that forms the matrix (intercellular substance) of the bone.

Spinal cord

Cervical, Thoraic, Lumbar, Sacrum, coccigeal

Name the different parts of the rib cage.

Clavicle-collar bone manubrium- above the sternum Sternum- breast bone Ribs-costals Xiphoid process

The structure of Long Bones

Hollow cylinders are made up of three regions: -Diaphysis: long part or shaft -Epiphysis: ends of the bone -Metaphysis: link between diaphysis and epiphysis

The bones on the hands are?

Phalanges-finger bones Metacarpals- palm bones Carpals- wrist

The bones on the feet are?

Phalanges-toe bones tarsal-ankle bones metatarsals- ball of foot

Fontanels

Soft spots on a baby's skull

Axial Skeleton

Spinal Skull Rib Cage

Vertabrae

backbone

The Major Bones of the Body

the adult human skeleton usually consists of 206 named bones

rib cage

true ribs, false ribs, floating ribs