Chapter 14 excersise

Need for cognition is

A persons habitual level of thoughtful ness and mental activity

Which of the following individuals would be the most persuasive communicator

A trustworthy individual who has extensive knowledge of the topic

You have two contractors cognitions that you smoke and smoking causes cancer if you know that your x-ray so much it doesn't matter that you smoke which of the four judges to reduce cognitive dissonance did you use

Adding additional cognitions

Which of the following is an example of the fundamental attribution error

Antonio almost hit you with his car in the parking lot because he's a jerk, not because he couldn't see around a blind corner.

The ________ - _________ bias explains why people believe that their friends and aquantinces are fairly similar to themselves

Assumed similarity

_____ are evaluations feelings or opinions about people

Attitude

_______ are evaluations of a particular person , behavior , belief or concept

Attitude

_______ are favorable Or unfavorable believes that we hold of a particular person behavior believe or concept

Attitude

The halo buyers self-serving bias and assume similarity buyers are examples of viruses in making

Attribution

Which of the following is not a consistent bias in the ways people make attributions

Availability heruristic

Information processing approaches have found that informing overall judgment of a person individuals use a psychological blank of the individual traits we see

Average

Why do we use schemas to represent people

Because of knowledge of others has gaps

______ route processing occurs when the recipient is swayed in their judgments by the strength of the argument , where as _________ route processing occurs when the recipient is swayed by factors unrelated to the nature or quality of the argument

Centetal Peripheral

In general people who are highly involved and motivated use _______ route processing to comprehend a message

Central

People with a high need for cognition are more likely to employ ______ route processing

Central

The presence of a ______ trait a certain unusually important trait can alter the meaning of other traits

Central

Which processing route is more effective in changing attitudes

Central

_______ route processing occurs when the recipient throughtfully considers the issues and arguments invoked in persuasion

Central

_______ processing route produces stronger , lasting attitude change and _______ processing route produces weaker , less persistent attitude change

Central , peripheral

some psychologists have discovered two primary information processing rotes to persuasion : the _______ route and the ______ route

Central , peripheral

Gary was listening to lecture about abortion , which he highly disagreed with . By the end of the lecture however , he had changed his attitude about the topic because the speaker was incredibly knowledgeable about the topic and had won him ove with the strength of her argument and her knowledge . This Is an example of

Central route processing

You have to come do the three conditions that you smoke and smoking causes cancer if you know that the evidence of smoking causes cancer is weak which of the four strategies to reduce the cognitive dissonance did you use

Changing the perceived importance of one cognition

Modifying attitudes , rationalizing attitudes and or changing behavior are al ways to reduce what

Cognitive dissonance

As we can get more experience of people are impressions and then become more

Complex

Which of the following are ways to reduce cognitive dissonance

Deny that the two cognitions are related to one another Modify one or both cognitions Change the perceived importance of one cognition

You have two contradictory cognitions that you smoke and smoking causes cancer if you know that there's no evidence linking smoking a cancer which is what strategies to reduce cognitive dissonance did you use

Denying that the cognitions are related

A ________ cause of behavior is bought about by a persons internal traits or personality chateacyeristcs

Dispositional

Driving aggressively because you are an aggressive person is an example of a _______ cause of behavior

Dispositional

Harriet already has an a in her class but she spends hours reading her text because she wants to make sure she understands everything. Decision is influenced by a ______ cause

Dispositional

What is the term cause of behavior that is brought about a persons in ternal treats or personality characteristics

Dispositional cause

According to the research on impression formation , as we gain more ______ with people , our impressions of them become more complex

Experience

Impression _____\ is the process when an individual organizes information about another person to form an overall impressionn

Formation

What is the name of the Phenomenon in which we turned it over attribute others behavior to the dispositional cues

Fundamental attribution error

Harry is intelligent , kind and loving but he is conscientious ? Most people would guess yes , this is an example of

Halo effect

What is the name of the phenomenon in which an initial understanding that a person has positive traits busiest it in for other uninformed Lee positive characteristics

Halo effect

People with a ______ need for cognition are more likely to employ centers route processing

High

People with a ______ need for cognition enjoy thinking , philosophizing and reflecting on the world

High

Behavioral economics is concerned with

How judgments are irriatoonal

What if the process by which an individual organizes information about another perosn to form an overall idea of the person

Impression formation

Central traits are the major traits considered in forming _______ of others

Impressions

Halo effect is

Inferring from one positive trait that as perosn has many positive traits

Which approach those are in forming an overall judgment of a person we use a psychological average of the individual traits we see this as we would find the mathematical average of several memebers

Informational processing

The biggest problem with the halo effect is that

It leads to misperceptions of others

People with a ______ need for congnituon become impatient when forced to spend too much time thinking about an issue

Low

Wanda was raised in a western culture record recently failed to complete a task making a whole department look bad mando thinks record is lazy and doesn't really like take pride in her work even though some of the office equipment broke down the record we needed to use

Making funafametal attribution error

Melanie and Jennifer sister is watching the same ad on television Melanie is that fully considering the issue this speaker is bring forth , and Jennifer is paying attention to the speakers hair and clothes . Which of the following best describes the type of process each girl is engaging in

Melanie is taking the centers processing route and Jennifer is taking the peripheral processing route

Two sided messages , which include both communicators position and the one he or she is arguing against , are ______ effective compared to one -sided messages

More

Who is more resistant to persuasion?

More intelligent people

Which of the following was the result of festinters classic experiment on cognitive dissonance

More participants who were paid $1 changed their articles that did participants who were paid $20

Which of the following is an example of the halo effect

Nation io is attracts , so he is also a good student

In Kelly's famous impression formation study

People were giving information about a lecturer before they heard the lecture

______ route processing occurs when people are persuaded on the basis of factors unrelated to the nature of quality of the content of a persuasive message

Peripheral

Erick has diabetes we can't seem to stop eating unhealthy and sugary foods that he'll start a new diet soon but never does this

Reducing cognitive dissonance

Sets of cognitions that give us a dream work to recognize , categorize and recall information are called

Schemas

______ help us predict behavior of others with realively little information

Schemas

But when they catch on the same team coaches meeting is important skills of the players this illustrates which pie is in the way people make contributions

Self serving bias

What is the name of the phenomenon in which we turned it attribute personal success of personal factors skill ability or effort into a tribute billiard to external factors

Self serving bias

Driving aggressively because your friend is hurt and needs to get to the hospital quickly is an example of_____ cause of behavior

Sistiational

_______ Psychology said he saw the nature of situations in which individuals find themselves influence their behavior

Social

__________ psychology is the scientific study of how people's thoughts , feelings and actions are affected by others

Social

What is the general term for the cognitive processes bu which people make sense of others and themselves

Social cognition

Who is most liked to change their attitude about preforming a montonous one hour active involving little enjoyment

Someone who is paid $5

The person who delivers a persuasive message is known as the message ______

Source

Which of the following Affect the ease with which we change your attitude

Source of the message Characteristics of the Target Character six of the message

Cognitive dissonance is defined as

The conflict that occurs when a perosn holds two contradictory structures or thoughts

Jenna knows that roses motivated driven and sure of what she wants this ReGenesis and that was it is also at spoken this example describes

The halo effect

Which of the following best illustrates the importance of a message source of effectiveness of a persuasive message

The person who delivers the persuasive message is physically attractive

central route processing occurs when ______

The recipient thoughtfully considers the issues and arguments involved in persuasion

Self serving bias is

The tendency to attribute personal success to this functional factors and for you to situational factors

Fundamental attribution error is

The tendency to overatrribute others behavior to dispositional factors

Assumed similarity bias is

The tendency to think of people as being so lair to ourselves

Which type of message characteristic has proved to be the most effective in persuading the audience

Two sided arguments

Which is fine would be considered a positive central treat one associated with the word industrious

Warm

When are fear producing messages generally effective

When they provide an audience with a means of reducing the fear

Which of the following is an example of assume similarity bias

You just met Antonio and already feel like you have a lot in common

Which are the Following are situational causes of behavior

You trip and fall because the curb isn't even an on marked well You did well on the test because the test was easy

Which of the following are dispositional cause of behavior

You trip and fall because you are clumsy You did well on test because you studied very hard

Need for ______ is a persons habitual level of thoughtfulness and cognitive activity

cognition

Cognitive ___ is the conflict that occurs when a person holds two contradictory attitudes or thoughts.

dissonance

____ are sets of cognitions about people and social experiences

schemas

Based on the findings of Kelley's classic expierences who is likely to be perceived more positively

A person described as warm and competent

Behavior influences ______ which are evaluations of a person

attitudes

___ theory seeks to explain how we decide, on the basis of samples of an individual's behavior, what the specific causes of that person's behavior are.

attribution