Chapter 14 Questions

Which of the following is a good example of a response-based definition of stress?

Bruce experiences stress because his heart rate increased when he noticed Jack had a knife.

Which of the following is an example of a primary appraisal of a stressor?

Humphrey judges the man with the gun to be a moderate threat.

Nawaz and his boyfriend break up. Nawaz makes an internal attribution for this outcome. Complete the sentence to show an internal attribution that Nawaz could make. My boyfriend broke up with me because ________.

I am unlovable.

What do studies show about the relationship between stress and memory?

Moderate stress can enhance both immediate and delayed recall of educational material.

Is anger suppression or anger expression a more effective approach for coping with racism?

Some research shows anger suppression is more effective while other research shows anger expression is more effective

How can a study that involves exposing people to live viruses demonstrate a link between stress and impaired immune function?

Stress weakens the immune system, so people with high stress levels should be more likely to get sick.

Which of the following is a negative effect of extended cortisol release caused by chronic or prolonged stress?

The immune system is weakened

What can be changed to make the following sentence true? The physical symptoms of psychophysiological disorders are nonexistent, and they can be produced or exacerbated by psychological factors.

The word "nonexistent" should be changed to the word "real."

What is a major criticism of both the stimulus- and response-based definitions of stress?

These definitions provide a complete definition of stress.

Which of the following is an example of the resistance stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

Tyrique almost falls out of the tree, but he grabs a branch, and now that the danger of falling has passed, he focuses his energy and attention on getting down from the tree safely.

Marcy is in a car accident. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor.

acute

Rheumatoid arthritis is considered a(n) ________ disease because it involves the body mistaking its own healthy cells for invaders and repeatedly attacking them.

autoimmune

Which of the following is an example of a stressor?

being in car accident

Rush hour traffic, lost keys, obnoxious coworkers, and inclement weather are all examples of a(n) ________.

daily hassle

Doug is an emergency room nurse in a large, underfunded, public hospital. Lately, he finds himself assuming that the patients he sees are just trying to get free drugs to feed an addiction. Just yesterday a little boy was brought in with a broken arm, and Doug found that he was completely indifferent to the boy's pain. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?

depersonalization

________ is the kind of stress that exceeds the optimal level, is no longer a positive force, and becomes excessive and debilitating.

distress

________ is the kind of stress associated with positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance.

eustress

The Center for Investigating Healthy Minds conducts rigorous academic research on ________.

healthy aspects of the mind, such as kindness, forgiveness, compassion, and mindfulness

Angela transfers to a new high school for gifted children and has trouble making friends. She expected this and plans to change it by joining more after school clubs and sitting next to different people at lunch. She believes she has effective options for dealing with the stressor of having no friends; therefore, she experiences ________.

less stress than someone who has no effective options

The relaxation response technique is a stress reduction technique that combines elements of relaxation and ________.

meditation

Lydia is often described as having a positive outlook on life. She assumes the best of people and situations. Lydia exemplifies ________.

optimism

Optimism is a tendency toward a(n) ________.

positive outlook and positive expectations

Which type of appraisal involves judgment about the degree of potential harm or threat to well-being that a stressor might entail?

primary

Brizan has just lost his job. He is proactive in trying to resolve this source of stress: He immediately uses the Internet to look up other jobs in his field and plans to eliminate non-essentials from his budget to make his savings last longer. Which type of coping approach is Brizan using?

problem focused

Guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance are all examples of ________.

social support

A demanding or threatening event is often called a(n) ________.

stressor

Which of the following is an example of eustress?

training for a marathon