Chapter 14 Review

______________ is the name of the semi fluid that results when food is broken down into the stomach.

Chyme

______________directs food away from the nasal cavity and into the oropharynx during swallowing.

Soft palate and uvula

All of the following are functions of saliva:

Cleanses the teeth, moistens the food, and lubricates the food.

______________ aids in the absorption of vitamin B12 from the digestive tract.

Intrinsic factor

______________ secretes insulin and glucagon into the blood.

Islets of Langerhans

______________ is the innermost layer of digestive tract.

Mucosa

______________ causes contraction of the gallbladder.

Cholecystokinin

______________emulsified fat into small fat droplets.

Bile salts

______________is a waste product that results from the breakdown of hemoglobin.

Bilirubin

The ______________ makes up the cheek.

Buccinator muscle

The appendix is attached to the ______________

Cecum

______________ is the term for the removal of indigestible wastes through the anus.

Defecation

______________ is the time for the process of swallowing.

Deglutition

______________is the first part of the small intestine.

Duodenum

The function of the large intestine is ______________.

Elimination of waste products

______________ contains taste buds and provides friction for manipulating food in the mouth.

Papillae

The ______________ provides a passageway for food between the pharynx and stomach.

Esophagus

The salivary gland's that are located on each side of the head, just in front of the ears are ______________.

Parotid

The ______________forms the roof of the oral cavity.

Palate

______________is the name of the S shaped portion of the colon

Sigmoid colon

______________ is the total number of secondary teeth.

32

______________are the end product of protein digestion.

Amino acids

It takes the stomach ______________to empty after eating a meal.

Four hours

The digestive tract is also known as the ______________.

Gastrointestinal tract

______________is the name of the valve located between the small intestine and large intestine.

Ileocecal valve

______________ teeth have sharp edges that are used for biting food.

Incisors

The function of gastrin ______________

Increases the activity of the gastric glands.

Taking in of food is known as ______________.

Ingestion

The part of the small intestine where most absorption takes place is the ______________

Jejunum

______________ are cells located in the liver, remove bacteria, damaged red blood cells, and other particles from the blood.

Kupffer cells

The ______________ opens into both the esophagus and larynx.

Laryngopharynx

The ______________ connects the tongue anteriorly to the floor of the mouth.

Lingual frenulum

Hepatocytes are ______________.

Liver cells

Food is broken down into smaller particles through the mixing actions of the stomach through a process known as ______________.

Mechanical digestion

All of the following are functions of the tongue:

Mixes food with saliva, shapes food into a bolus

The following makes up the digestive tract:

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and intestines.

______________ begins the chemical digestion of protein.

Pepsin

______________ is the term for the rhythmic waves of contractions to prepare food particles through the digestive tract.

Peristalsis

All of the following increases the surface area for absorption in the small intestine:

Plicae cirularis, villi, and microvilli

______________causes the release of gastric juice during the gastric phase of digestion.

Presence of food in the stomach

The ______________acts as a valve between the stomach and small intestine.

Pyloric sphincter

Longitudinal folds in the wall of the stomach that allow the stomach to expand are known as ______________.

Rungae

The function of the gallbladder is to ______________.

Store bile

The function of the sensory receptors located in the lips is ______________.

To judge the temperature and texture of foods.

All of the following are accessory organs of the digestive system:

Tongue, salivary gland, and pancreas.

All of the following digestive enzymes are found in pancreatic juice:

Trypsin, pancreatic lipase, and peptidase

All of the following are stored in the liver:

Vitamin K, iron, glycogen, and vitamin a