Chapter 15

full-session DRL

A differential reinforcement of low rates of responding (DRL) procedure in which the reinforcer is delivered if fewer than a specified number of responses occurs in a specific period (the session). It is used to decrease the rate of a behavior

differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA)

A procedure for decreasing a problem behavior by reinforcing a functionally equivalent alternative behavior (a competing behavior) to replace the problem behavior

differential reinforcement of low rates of responding (DRL)

A procedure in which a lower rate of a particular behavior is reinforced to decrease the rate of the behavior. Used when the goal is to decrease but not necessarily to eliminate a target behavior

differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO)

A procedure in which the reinforcer is delivered after intervals of time in which the problem behavior does not occur. DRO involves reinforc- ing the absence of the problem behavior

differential reinforcement of communication (DRC)

A type of DRA procedure in which a communica- tion response is reinforced to replace the problem behavior. ****Also called functional communication training.****

differential reinforcement of an incompatible behavior (DRI)

A type of DRA procedure in which a phys- ically incompatible behavior is reinforced to replace the problem behavior

spaced-responding DRL

A type of differential rein- forcement of low rates of responding (DRL) pro- cedure in which the reinforcer is delivered when responses are separated by a specific time interval. If a response occurs before the interval has ended, the reinforcer is not delivered and the interval is reset. The interval between responses is called the interresponse time.

whole-interval DRO

A type of differential reinforce- ment of other behavior (DRO) procedure in which the problem behavior must be absent throughout the entire interval of time for the rein- forcer to be delivered. Most DRO procedures involve whole-interval DRO.

interval DRL

A type of differential reinforcement of low rates of responding (DRL) procedure that in- volves dividing a session into consecutive intervals or time and providing the reinforcer if no more than one response occurred in each interval

momentary DRO

A type of differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) procedure in which the reinforcer is delivered if the person is refraining from the problem behavior at the end of the DRO interval. The problem behavior does not have to be absent throughout the entire interval for the reinforcer to be delivered. Momentary DRO typically is not effective unless it follows the use of a whole-interval DRO procedure.

stereotypic behavior

Repetitive behaviors that do not serve any social function for the individual. They are often called self-stimulatory behaviors because they function to produce some form of sensory stimulation for the individual.

interresponse time (IRT)

The time between the occurrence of consecutive responses