Chapter 16

Analysis of 3-Term Contingency for Desirable Behavior

*Identify and define the desirable behavior that you want to increase. Can you reduce the response effort involved in this behavior? *Analyze the antecedent situations related to the desirable behavior. What are the SDs for the desirable behavior, and what cues might evoke the desirable behavior? Which one of the SDs and cues are present in the environment, and which ones are not? Which of these SDs and cues can you manipulate in an antecedent control strategy, and which ones are outside of your control? *Identify the reinforcer for the desirable behavior behavior. Is the reinforcer contingent on the desirable behavior? Is the reinforcer strong enough to maintain the behavior? Can you manipulate the establishing operations to increase the effectiveness of this reinforcer? Are there other reinforcers that could be used contingent on the desirable behavior?

Analysis of 3-Term Contingency for Undesirable Behavior

*Identify and define the undesirable competing behaviors that may interfere with the desirable behavior. Can you increase the response effort of these competing behaviors? *Analyze the antecedent stimuli associated with the undesirable behaviors. What are the SDs for the competing behaviors, and what cues might evoke the competing behaviors? Which of these SDs and cues are present in the environment, and which are not? Which o these SDs and cues can you manipulate in an antecedent control strategy, and which ones are outside of your control? *Identify the reinforcers for the undesirable competing behaviors. Are these reinforcers contingent on the competing behaviors, and are they strong enough to maintain the behaviors? Can you manipulate an abolishing operation so as to decrease the effectiveness of the reinforcers for the competing behaviors? Can you eliminate these reinforcers to use extinction for the competing behaviors?

Using Antecedent Control Strategies

*If the person is engaging in the behavior at least occasionally, antecedent control strategies may be used to make it more likely that the person will engage in the behavior at the appropriate times. *If a person is engaging in a behavioral excess, antecedent control strategies can make it less likely that this undesirable behavior will occur.

antecedent control procedures address consequences indirectly through manipulation of MOs

True

antecedent control procedures are altering the environment in advance of the target behavior

True

antecedent control procedures are based on functional assessment info

True

antecedents alter the current behavior only, DO NOT effect future behavior

True

Antecedent Control Procedures (antecedent manipulations)

antecedent stimuli are manipulate to evoke desirable behaviors, so that they can be differently reinforced, and to decrease (prevent) undesirable behaviors that interfere with the desirable behaviors. (strategies can be used individually or combined)

Functional Interventions

approaches for decreasing problem behavior: extinction, differential reinforcement, and antecedent control. They are functional because they decrease problem behaviors and increase desirable behaviors by modifying the antecedent and consequent variables that control the behaviors. They also are non aversive because they do not rely on the use of punishment.

Concurrent Behaviors

are concurrent operants reinforced on concurrent schedules of reinforcement

Presenting Abolishing Operations for Undesirable Behaviors

if you can make the outcome of the undesirable behavior less reinforcing, you will be less likely to engage in the behavior and, therefore, more likely to engage in the desirable behavior.

Increasing the Response Effort for Undesirable Behaviors

one other strategy for decreasing the likelihood of an undesirable competing behavior is to increase the response effort for the behavior. If the competing behaviors take more effort, they are less likely to interfere with the desirable behavior.

Removing the Discriminative Stimulus (SD) or Cues for Undesirable Behavior

one way to decrease the likelihood of an undesirable behavior is to remove the antecedent conditions that have stimulus control over it.

Arranging Establishing Operations for the Desirable Behavior

one way to make a desirable behavior more likely to occur is to arrange an establishing operation for the outcome of that behavior. If you can increase the reinforcing value of the consequence of the behavior, you make it more likely that the behavior will occur.

Decreasing Response Effort for the Desirable Behavior

to arrange antecedent conditions such that less effort is needed to engage in the behavior. Behaviors that required less effort are more likely to occur than are behaviors that require more effort, if both result in fairly equal reinforcers.

Presenting the Discriminative Stimulus (SD) or Cues for the Desired Behavior

when considering using antecedent control procedures to increase a behavior, ask yourself what circumstances or stimulus conditions you could arrange that would have stimulus control over the behavior. By presenting the SD or cues for the behavior, you are arranging the right conditions for the behavior to occur. You arrange the SD or cues for the behavior by changing some aspect of the physical or social environment