Chapter 16 - Hagen-Ansert

The adrenal glands and kidneys are contained in the: 1) Perirenal space 2) Anterior pararenal space 3) Retrofascial space 4) Posterior pararenal space

1) Perirenal space

Which one of the following is the most common cause of primary adrenal tumors? 1) Cyst 2) Adenoma 3) Carcinoma 4) Pheochromocytoma

2) Adenoma

The retroperitoneal space is the area between the: 1) Anterior portion of the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall muscles 2) Posterior portion of the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall muscles 3) Anterior portion of the parietal peritoneum and the anterior abdominal wall muscles 4) Posterior portion of the visceral peritoneum

2) Posterior portion of the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall muscles

The length of the normal adult adrenal gland is usually smaller than: 1) 2 cm 2) 2 mm 3) 3 cm 4) 3 mm

3) 3 cm

Adrenal hemorrhages are more common in: 1) Older adults 2) Young adults 3) Neonates 4) Toddlers

3) Neonates

Para-aortic lymphadenopathy generally displaces the kidney: 1) Anteriorly 2) Posteriorly 3) Medially 4) Laterally

4) Laterally

All of the following structures are located in the retroperitoneum except the: 1) Kidney 2) Aorta 3) Psoas muscle 4) Spleen

4) Spleen

Which one of the following structures is not located in the anterior pararenal space? 1) Duodenal sweep 2) Adrenal glands 3) Ascending colon 4) Pancreas

Adrenal glands

Metastases to the adrenal gland are most commonly caused by primary carcinoma of the __________, __________, and __________. 1) Breast; liver; kidney 2) Lung; breast; stomach 3) Lung; breast; liver 4) Kidney; colon; liver

Lung; breast; stomach

The most common primary retroperitoneal tumor is: 1) Lymphoma 2) Fibrosarcoma 3) Germ cell tumor 4) Leiomyosarcoma

Lymphoma

Which one of the following demonstrates an excessive secretion of epinephrine? 1) Adrenal cyst 2) Adrenal adenoma 3) Medulla tumor 4) Neuroblastoma

Medulla tumor

Adrenal insufficiency is typically caused by: 1) Adrenal adenoma 2) Adrenal cyst 3) Lymphadenopathy 4) Metastatic lesions

Metastatic lesions

The most common adrenal tumor in infancy is the: 1) Adenoma 2) Pheochromocytoma 3) Neuroblastoma 4) Liposarcoma

Neuroblastoma

Which one of the following statements describes adrenal cysts? 1) Male patients are affected more than female patients. 2) Patients are typically asymptomatic. 3) Adrenal cysts are a common finding. 4) Adrenal cysts are usually bilateral.

Patients are typically asymptomatic.

The adrenal glands and kidneys are contained in the: 1) Perirenal space 2) Anterior pararenal space 3) Retrofascial space 4) Posterior pararenal space

Perirenal space

What adrenal tumor demonstrates intermittent hypertension and severe headaches? 1) Neuroblastoma 2) Adenoma 3) Myolipoma 4) Pheochromocytoma

Pheochromocytoma

Which one of the following muscles lie posterior to the kidneys? 1) Psoas and iliopsoas 2) Psoas and quadratus lumborum 3) Obturator internus and piriformis 4) Iliopsoas and levator ani

Psoas and quadratus lumborum

The area between the bladder and rectum is called the _____________ space 1) Rectovesical 2) Presacral 3) Bilateral pararectal 4) Iliac

Rectovesical

Which one of the following syndromes demonstrates a decrease in adrenal function? 1) Adrenogenital 2) Addison 3) Conn 4) Cushing

Addison

Excessive secretion of aldosterone occurs in ____________ syndrome. 1) Addison 2) Cushing 3) Waterhouse-Friderichsen 4) Conn

Conn

The left adrenal glands lie lateral to the: 1) Crus of the diaphragm 2) Tail of the pancreas 3) Stomach 4) IVC

Crus of the diaphragm

Which one of the following syndromes is a result of excessive secretion of cortisol? 1) Conn 2) Addison 3) Cushing 4) Waterhouse-Friderichsen

Cushing

The "sandwich" sign represents: 1) Complex appearance of adrenal hemorrhage 2) Enlarged lymph nodes anterior and posterior to the mesenteric vessels 3) Enlarged lymph nodes in the renal hilar area 4) Image of the left adrenal gland between the crus of the diaphragm and the left kidney

Enlarged lymph nodes anterior and posterior to the mesenteric vessels

The right adrenal gland lies posterior to the: 1) Crus of the diaphragm 2) IVC 3) Right kidney 4) Liver

IVC

Which one of the following statements about the adrenal medulla is true? 1) The medulla is the outer portion of the adrenal gland. 2) The medulla secretes a large range of steroids. 3) The medulla is not essential to life. 4) The medulla secretes estrogen.

The medulla is not essential to life.

An urinoma may be defined as a: 1) Walled-off collection of extravasated urine 2) Lymph-filled space without a distinct epithelial lining 3) Heterogeneous irregular mass 4) Cystic space anterior to the aorta

Walled-off collection of extravasated urine