Chapter 17 Endocrine System Lab
How long can iodinated thyroglobulin be stored in a thyroid follicle lumen?
2-3 months
How many parathyroid glands are there?
2-6
The G-protein is composed of how many subunits?
3
What causes the change in conformation of the G-protein resulting in separation from the membrane bound receptor?
Ligand binding to the membrane bound receptor
Aldosterone is a...
Lipid-soluble hormone
The pancreas is...
Located between the duodenum and spleen, just inferior to the stomach
The hypothalamus is sometimes referred to as the "master control center" of the endocrine system because it...
Regulates most endocrine functions of the body
Parathyroid hormone promotes...
Resorption of calcium from bone
Which pancreatic islet cell type is correctly matched with its product?
beta cells: insulin
Which structure is highlighted?
body of pancreas
What cell in the parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormone?
chief (principal) cell
Which structure is highlighted?
chief cell of parathyroid gland
The cortex of the suprarenal (adrenal) glands produces...
corticosteroids
Which structure is highlighted?
infundibulum of pituitary
What is the name of the narrow band of tissue connecting the right and left lobes of the thyroid gland?
isthmus
The suprarenal (adrenal) glands are located superior to which organ(s)?
kidneys
Which structure is highlighted?
zona reticularis
In general, sensory input to a portion of the neuroendocrine system causes...
release hormones
Which structure is highlighted?
seminiferous tubules
Below are 6 histology slides of endocrine glands. Place the appropriate hormones in the glands they are secreted from.
1. posterior pituitary: oxytocin, ADH 2. pancreas: insulin, glucagon 3. anterior pituitary: growth hormone, FSH 4. adrenal cortex: aldosterone, cortisol 5. thyroid gland: thyroxine, calcitonin 6. parathyroid gland: PTH
The hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system connects the hypothalamus to the...
Adenohypophysis
In the cytoplasm of a cell, aldosterone...
Binds to an intracellular aldosterone receptor
The pancreatic acinar cells secrete...
Enzyme-rich pancreatic juice
The medulla of the suprarenal gland secretes _____________ to enhance the ______________ response of the sympathetic nervous system.
Epinephrine & norepinephrine; "fight or flight"
What activates the alpha subunit of the G-protein?
GTP replacing GDP
As an example of hormonal communication, when osmoreceptors of the _______________ detect dehydration, a signal to the posterior pituitary gland causes the release of _________________.
Hypothalamus: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Antidiuretic hormone (known as ADH or vasopressin)...
Increases water retention from renal tubules
The endocrine portion of the pancreas produces...
Insulin and glucagon
Ultimately, what is responsible for aldosterone's effects on a cell?
Intracellular proteins
What stimulates the secretion of parathyroid hormone from the parathyroid gland?
Low blood calcium level
The G-protein is found bound to the...
Membrane bound receptor on the inside of the cell
After aldosterone binds to an intracellular receptor, the receptor complex...
Moves into the nucleus and binds to DNA
Hormone molecules are typically transported to the target cells by...
The blood stream
What occurs when hormones reach their target cells?
The hormone binds to an appropriate receptor on (in) the target cell
What are the two main targets of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
The kidneys and blood vessels
What is the dominate amino acid in thyroglobulin?
Tyrosine
The principal mineralocorticoid is _____________ that helps regulate levels of _____________ in the blood and body fluids.
aldosterone; sodium and potassium ions
Which structure is highlighted?
follicular cell of thyroid
Which structure is highlighted?
follicular colloid of thyroid
Thyroid hormone stimulates the anterior pituitary to release...
growth hormone (GH)
Which structure is highlighted?
head of pancreas
The pituitary gland is located in the...
hypophyseal fossa
Which structure is highlighted?
hypothalamus
Which structure is highlighted?
ovary
Which structure is highlighted in yellow?
pancreas islet
Which structure is highlighted in yellow?
pancreatic acini
Which structure is highlighted?
parafollicular cell of thyroid
Which structure is highlighted?
pineal gland
Which structure is highlighted?
pituitary gland
The parathyroid glands are usually located on which surface of the thryoid gland?
posterior
Which structure is highlighted?
zona fasciculata
Which structure is highlighted?
suprarenal
Which structure is highlighted?
suprarenal cortex
Which structure is highlighted?
suprarenal medulla
Which structure is highlighted?
suspensory ligament of ovary
Which structure is highlighted?
tail of pancreas
Which structure is highlighted?
testes
Which structure is highlighted?
zona glomerulosa
Which structure is highlighted?
thyroid follicle
In the thyroid gland, where are iodide molecules converted to iodine?
thyroid follicle lumen
Which structure is highlighted?
thyroid gland
Which structure is highlighted?
thyroid isthmus
Which structure is highlighted?
tunica albuginea of testes
