Chapter 17 - Legal, Ethical, & Moral Issues of Health Care
morality
A system of conduct that is right and wrong.
ethics
A set of principles relating to what is morally right and wrong; providing a standard of conduct or code of behavior.
legal responsibilities
Actions or behaviors authorized or based on law created and enforced by the government to promote a sense of security for each individual.
justice
Also known as fairness; to give each one what he deserves or what is his due.
appropriate medical care and humane treatment
Every person has a right to health and medical care corresponding to his state of health, without any discrimination and within the limits of the resources, manpower and competence available for health and medical care at the relevant time. This is the patient's right to ______________________________________.
right to be informed of his rights and obligations as a patient.
Every person has the right to be informed of his rights and obligations as a patient.
information
In the course of his/her treatment and hospital care, the patient or his/her legal guardian has a right to be informed of the result of the evaluation, of the nature and extent of his/her disease, any other additional or further contemplated medical treatment on surgical procedures, etc. This is the patient's right to ______________________________.
autonomy
It is having the freedom to make choices about issues that affect one's life.
beneficence
Meaning to do good or provide a benefit.
FALSE
TRUE OR FALSE? You are allowed to perform procedures that you have not been trained and are not legally permitted to do.
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE? You should not accept tips or bribes for the care you provide.
bioethics
The discipline devoted to the articulation of good decisions in the practice of health care.
informed consent
The patient has a right to clear, truthful and substantial explanation, in a manner and language understandable to the patient, of all proposed procedures. This is the patient's right to _______________________________________.
self-determination
The patient has the right to avail himself/herself of an recommended diagnostic and treatment procedures. This is the patient's right to ______________________________.
right to refuse participation in medical research
The patient has the right to be advised if the healthcare provider plans to involve him in medical research including but not limited to human experimentation which may be performed only with the written informed consent of the patient.
right to correspondence and to receive visitors
The patient has the right to communicate with relatives and other persons and to receive visitors subject to reasonable limits prescribed by the rules and regulations of the healthcare institution.
right to express grievances
The patient has the right to express complaints and grievances about the care and services received without fear of discrimination or reprisal and to know about the disposition of such complaints.
Right to leave
The patient has the right to leave the hospital or any other healthcare institution regardless of his physical condition.
1. To be able to make responsible decisions through correct moral reasoning and well-grounded judgment in healthcare situations. 2. To enhance competence by understanding the patient. 3. To face complex ethical challenges that resulted from bioscientific developments. 4. Basis for legislation and public policy.
Why is bioethics important?
religious belief
The patient has the right to refuse medical treatment or procedures which may be contrary to his religious beliefs. This is the patient's right to ______________________________.
medical records
The patient is entitled to a summary of his medical history and condition, at his expense and upon discharge of the patient, he may obtain from the healthcare institution a reproduction of the same record whether or not he has fully settled his financial obligation with the physician or institution concerned. This is the patient's right to ______________________________.
choose health care provider and facility
The patient is free to choose the health care provider to serve him as well as the facility except when he is under the care of a service facility or when public health and safety so demands or when the patient expresses or implies that he/she waives this right. This is the patient's right to ______________________________.
privacy and confidentiality
The privacy of patients must be assured at all stages of his treatment. This is the patient's right to ______________________________.
non-maleficence
To do none, to prevent, or to remove or not to risk harm in any form.
autonomy, justice, beneficence, non-maleficence
What are the four major ethical principles?