Chapter 18

How many oxygen molecules may bind to a single molecule of hemoglobin?

4

The main function of leukocytes is to

defend against pathogens

White blood cells that are increased in allergic individuals are the

eosinophils

The most numerous of the formed elements are the

erythrocytes

When blood is centrifuged and its components separate, the bottom of the tube have the

erythrocytes

Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone

erythropoietin

The process of producing the formed elements of blood is named

hemopoiesis

Each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses an atom of

iron

people with blood type O

lack both antigens A and B on their erythrocytes

The type of leukocyte that will migrate in the blood and take up residence in the tissues as a macrophage is a(n)

monocyte

The "buffy coat" in a centrifuged blood sample is composed of

platelets and leukocytes

The function of platelets is to help in the

process called hemostasis

Typically, the volume of blood in an adult's body is

5 liters

Which are the least numerous of the leukocytes?

Basophils

Which is going to result in significant agglutination?

Donor is type AB, recipient is type B

The most common blood type is

O

In an emergency situation when you have no time to wait for cross-matched blood you could give a patient type ________ until the cross-match is available.

O negative

Which of the following statements about circulating erythrocytes is true?

They have no nucleus

Which of the following describes a neutrophil?

abundant, granular, especially effective against bacteria

The smallest and most abundant plasma proteins are the

albumins

A patient has been experiencing severe, persistent allergy symptoms that are reduced when she takes an antihistamine. Before the treatment, this patient was likely to have had increased activity of which leukocyte?

basophils

The first phase of hemostasis involves

blood vessel constriction

The hemoglobin found in erythrocytes is able to chemically attach to

both oxygen and carbon dioxide

The function of red blood cells is to

carry oxygen to the cells and then carry away carbon dioxide.

The phase of hemostasis that involved clotting of blood is called

coagulation

During platelet plug formation, platelets begin to stick to

collagen with the assistance of von Willebrand factor

Blood that has clotting proteins removed is termed

serum

Blood is correctly classified as a(n)

tissue

The first step in hemostasis is __________. A. vascular spasm B. platelet plug formation C. fibrin production D. coagulation

vascular spasm

The most abundant component of plasma is

water