Chapter 18

side lying

Weight on side of the body

Alignment

arrangement in a straight line

Leann is teaching her patients husband how to lift his wife safely. Which of the following is true regarding lifting the elderly?

Joint motion may decrease, limiting mobility

Work at the same

Level or height as the object to be moved

When moving a patient in or out of a wheelchair, it is extremely important to first

Lock the wheels

When a patient has cervical spine injury, ________ technique is used for turning.

Log rolling

The ____________ method is used to turn patients in bed who have spinal injuries.

Logrolling

Which position is the best? Fowler's, semi-Fowler's, and low Fowler's?

Low Fowler's

The most common injury to health care workers is

Lower back strain

prone

Lying face down

When performing passive ROM exercises, all muscles overs joint are ___________ to achieve or maintain ________

Maximally stretched; flexibility of the joint

In positioning and transferring patients, you want to use the _________ as much as possible

Muscles in the legs

Unrelieved pressure on an area can cause death of tissue, referred to as _______.

Necrosis

Face in the direction

Of the movement

Semi-Fowler's Position

On back with head of bed between 30 and 60 degrees

Fowler's position

On back with head of bed between 60 and 90 degrees

Sims position

On left side with left arm behind the body and the right knee and thigh up above the left lower leg.

_________ cause a downward and forwards pressure on the tissues beneath the skin, and can lead to the development of pressure injuries

Pivot

Dr. Tingle is now requesting you place his patient in the prone position. What describes prone position?

Place the patient on her abdomen.

Dr. Tingle called the unit and asked the nurse to put his patient in Fowler's position. What best describes Fowler's position?

Place the patient on her back and elevate the head of the bed 60 to 90 degrees.

You are caring for a patient who has had an abdominal hysterectomy. In helping reposition this patient, you will be sure to

Position the patient in the semi-Fowler position

The knee-chest position is a variation of the _____ position.

Prone

Pivot and pull rather than

Push or twist

Considering Mr. Brown's state of weakness, when planning to ambulate him it is important to

Remember to plan the distance for a "round trip", use a gait belt for safety and stability.

supine

Resting on back

What is the commonly used nursing diagnoses?

Risk for injury, impaired physical mobility, risk for impaired skin integrity, and impaired walking

Areas that should be checked for problems due to pressure when the patient has been in the supine position are:

Scapula, and sacrum Elbows and the heels

The position most commonly used for inserting a rectal suppository is the _______ position

Sims

bursa

Small, fluid-filled sacs that provide a cushion in movable joints

Kinesiology

Study of the movement of body parts

Fowler, semi-Fowler, and low Fowler are variations of the

Supine position

Health care agencies are moving toward a "no manual lifting" policy because:

The biggest cause of injury to health care workers is repetitive lifting. Back injuries cause loss of work time and are expensive for the employer.

The style of walking, called _______, is assesses to see if it is even and unlabored.

The gait

Pulling is easier than pushing because:

The weight of the object is close to the body, stabilizing your center of gravity.

A device that makes ambulating or transferring a patient much safer for both the nurse and the patient.

Transfer belt or gait belt

joint

Union of two or more bones in the body

You are going to walk Mr. Brown in his room for the first time with the assistance of another nurse. Which will you do? I

Use a gait belt and walk on his weaker side

When performing ROM exercises for Mr. Brown, you return the left arm to the side from a shoulder height lateral position. This movement is called

Adduction

Each set of movements for ROM exercises should be performed a minimum of

3-5 times

What is orthostatic hypotension?

A drop in blood pressure due to a sudden change of posture.

Keep your feet

About shoulder width apart

When a patient has hemiplegia, both _______ and ________ should be performed at least 3 times a day

Active and passive

When assessing ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs), assess the patient's ability to _______ and change position independently.

Ambulate

Oliver Brown, a 67-year old male patient, suffered a stroke 3 days ago. He has left arm and leg weakness (hemiparesis) and aphasia. His speech is limited to "boler", "soup", and "no." He is conscious and quite depressed. While performing passive ROM to his affected extremities, he cries, "Boler, Boler, Boler" you don't understand what he is trying to say. What would you do now?

Ask Mr. Brown to nod his head for "yes" and shake his head for "no", then explain again and ask questions to see if he understands what you mean.

When moving a patient, you should keep your feet

At shoulder width apart

Which of the following is not a position device? Pillows, boots, footboards, and blankets.

Blankets

A _________ movement, when moving a patient from bed to chair, will help prevent twisting the body and possible injury to the nurse.

Body

Evaluation should include your own use of

Body mechanics

During musculoskeletal assessment, observe for muscle weakness, paralysis, and _________ of the extremities.

Check symmetry

Keep your elbows

Close to your body

If the arm is not placed in correct alignment and exercised regularly, the complication of elbow ________ may occur

Contracture

Use smooth

Coordinated movements

Tendon

Cords of fibrous connective tissue connecting muscle to bone that are necessary for movement

Contractures

Damaged muscle that pulls a joint into a fixed or frozen position

Positioning the patient on the side of the bed with the legs and feet over the side is called

Dangling

Before transferring Mr. Brown from the bed to a wheelchair, the most important step is to

Engage the locks on the wheels

When performing passive ROM exercises, it is important always to support the ________ above and below the joint.

Extremity

cartliage

Fibrous connective tissue that acts as a cushion

Mr. Brown has made very good progress in physical therapy. An order has been written to ambulate him with assistance. Before you assist him to walk for the first time, you help him to dangle his legs, the reason(s) for this could be

Help him recover any dizziness, and help him adjust to the change of position.

The main or most common nursing diagnosis for patients who have a problem with paralysis is

Impaired physical mobility

Mr. Browns tray arrives with his lunch. As you feed him, you hand him a piece of bread, which he holds in his unaffected hand. As he moves his hand to his mouth to eat, what movement does he use?

Internal rotation of the shoulder