Chapter 2 anatomy test
Name which is the substrate,enzyme, and product. amino acids- protein- pepsin-
amino acids-product protein-substrate pepsin-enzyme
Which term describes a solution that contains more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions
basic
Chemicals that resist changes in pH are called
buffers
To be considered an organic molecule a substance must contain
carbon an hydrogen
Which elements make up 95% (by weight) of the human body?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
Which arrow in the following equation represents dehydration? glucose+glucose 1------> <------2 maltose + H20
Arrow 1
Which of the following contains glucose?
Starch
in an acidic solution,
The OH- ion concentration is less than the H+ ion concentration
Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
They form the backbone of cell membranes
Glycogen is
a polysaccharide used as stored energy in animals
The main function of carbohydrates is to provide
cellular energy
The electrons in the outer most shell of an atom determine its
chemical behavior
The ability of water molecules to cling to each other is_____, while the ability to cling to other surfaces is__________.
cohesion; adhesion
The atomic nucleus does not contain_____________, which are negatively charged subatomic particles.
electrons
A substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by chemical means is a
element
true or false: A substance that releases hydrogen ions in water is a base
false
true or false: Cholesterol is a protein
false
true or false: The building blocks of fat molecules are amino acids
false
true or false: carbon atoms form many organic molecules by forming polar covalent bonds with other carbon atoms
false
true or false: fats are usually liquid at room temperature and oils are solids
false
true or false: molecules with polar covalent bonds are hydrophobic
false
Steroids differ in structure from other lipids in that they have a backbone of
four fused carbon rings
Carbohydrates:
have carbon and oxygen atoms in equal proportions
The ability of water to absorb large amounts of heat energy without changing its temperature is
high specific heat capacity
The attraction of the positive hydrogen end of a polar molecule to the negative nitrogen or oxygen end of another polar molecule is called
hydrogen bond
The addition of water in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is a(n)_____________reaction.
hydrolysis
Substances that dissolve in water are called
hydrophilic
If a sports beverage advertises that it replaces the body's electrolytes, what does the drink contain?
ionic forms of mineral elements
Which macroeconomic is composed of one glycerol plus three fatty acids?
lipids
The monomer of carbohydrates is a
monosaccharide
The atoms of the isotopes of a particular element vary in the number of
neutrons
The macromolecules that are the main component of cell membranes are
phospholipids
The different types of carbohydrates do not incude
proteins
The electrons of an atom occupy one or more areas of space called
shells
Enzymes are necessary in cells to
speed up chemical reactions
The test tube contents are: amylase+starch+ Benedict's solution+warm bath water. what is it testing for? positive or negative results?
testing for- smaller sugars results- positive
The test tube contents are: pepsin+protein+biuret reagent+warm bath water. what is it testing for? positive or negative results?
testing for-protein results- positive
What directly determines an atom's identity?
the number of protons
true or false: A covalent bond is formed by two atoms that share electrons
true
true or false: A pH value indicates the hydrogen ion concentration in solutions, including body fluids.
true
true or false: An atom has gained or lost electrons is called an ion.
true
true or false: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14
true
true or false: steroid molecules have four connected rings of carbon molecules
true
true or false: the building blocks of protein are amino acids
true
When fatty acids contain one or more double bonds, they are considered
unsaturated