Chapter 2 EMT

You are assessing a woman who was thrown from her horse. She is located in a large field and you can see that a thunderstorm is rapidly approaching. Suddenly, you feel your skin begin to tingle and the hair on your arms stands on end. The ambulance is located about 30 yards away. You should A. crouch down in a position so that only your feet are touching the ground B. immediatly lie down on your side and draw your knees into your abdomen C. quickly cover the patient with a blanket and then lie down flat on the ground D. sit, down, bend your knees, and hold your crossed arms close to your body

A. crouch down in a position so that only your feet are touching the ground

What should you do before attempting to access a patient trapped in a vehicle? A. ensure the vehicle is stable B. contact medical control C. check for patients D. request another ambulance

A. ensure the vehicle is stable

the quickest source of energey is _______; however, this supply will last than a day and is consumed in greater qunaties during stress A. glucose B. Fat C. protein D. carbohyrates

A. glucose

Which of the following statements is MOST consistent with the bargaining phase of the grieving process? A. i will be compliant with all my medications if i can just see mt grandson graduate B. i understand that my death is inevitable and i am ready to die when the time comes C. the doctors must be wrong in their diagnosis becasue i have always been healthy D. it is beacuse of our lousy health care system that i developed this brain tumor

A. i will be compliant with all my medications if i can just see mt grandson graduate

You are summoned to a convalescent center for an 88-year-old female with an altered mental status. A staff nurse advises you that the patient has terminal cancer and her physician stated that she would probably die within the next few hours; a valid do not resuscitate (DNR) order is presented to you. When caring for this patient, you should: A. make her comfortable and provide emotional support B. begin chest compressions if she experiences cardiac arrest C. depart the scene and allow her to die with dignity D. provide no interventions and transport to the hospital

A. make her comfortable and provide emotional support

Prescription glasses do not provide adequate eye protection because they: A. offer little or no side protection B. have large, rounded lenses C. do not habe shatterproof lenses D. are not secured with a strap

A. offer little or no side protection

Patients who become dependent upon EMS personnel or other health care providers often feel: A. shamed B. superior C. hopeful D. relieved

A. shamed

Which of the following infectious diseases confers no protection from reinfection after exposure? A. syphilis B. chickenpox C. mumps D. rubella

A. syphilis

If you use a waterless handwashing substitute in the field, it is important to: A. wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital B. wait at least 5 minutes before touching another patient C. avoid donning another pair of gloves for atleast 10 minutes D. immediatley dry your hands with a paper towel

A. wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital

Common questions asked by patients with a serious illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. which hospital am i going to? B. am i going to die? C. what are you doing to me? D. will i be premamently disabled?

A. which hospital am i going to?

While trying to make a family member feel better after a loved one has died, your partner uses trite statements. The family members may view this as: A. your partners attempt to diminish their grief B. a show of respect for the person who has died C. coaching them through the greieving process D. your partners caring and supportive attitude

A. your partners attempt to diminish their grief

The final stage of death and dying is MOST commonly displayed as: A. depression B. acceptance C. denial D. anger

B. acceptance

The BEST way to reduce your risk of contracting a work-related disease following exposure is to: A. be evaluated by a physician within 72 hours following the exposure B. activate your departments infection control plan as soon as possible C. vigorously wash the affected area with an antimicrobial solution D. get vaccinated against the disease you think you were exposed to

B. activate your departments infection control plan as soon as possible

You and your partner respond to the residence of a 66-year-old male with shortness of breath. As you are assessing the patient, his wife tells you that he was recently diagnosed with lung cancer. The patient is verbally abusive and tells you that failure of the health care system caused his disease. What stage of the grieving process is this patient's behavior consistent with? A. bargaining B. anger C. depression D. denial

B. anger

You are transporting a 40-year-old male with respiratory distress. The patient tells you that he recently had a positive tuberculosis (TB) skin test and is currently being evaluated for possible TB. You should A. apply a nasal cannula on the patient and a sterile surgical mask on yourself B. apply a nonrebreathing mask on the patient and a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirator on yourself C. remain at least 3 feet away from the patient and apply a surgical mask on him D. apply a sterile surgical mask on yourself and a HEPA respirator on the patient

B. apply a nonrebreathing mask on the patient and a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirator on yourself

when a patient is dying, he or she may experience regression. this is MOST accurately defined as: A. a decreased ability to exercise age-appropriate judgment B. behavior consistent with an earlier development stage C. fear of being completely dependent upon other people D. anger projected toward the EMT or other providers

B. behavior consistent with an earlier development stage

Determination of exposure is an important component of an infection control plan because it: A. defines who is most likely to transmit communicable diseases in the workplace B. defines who is at risk for contact with blood and body fluids and which tasks pose a risk of exposure C. determines the time of day when most exposures are likely to oocur D. determines which type of communicable disease might be present in the workplace

B. defines who is at risk for contact with blood and body fluids and which tasks pose a risk of exposure

You are caring for a 35-year-old female with pregnancy-related complications. She is clearly experiencing significant stress and is crying uncontrollably. Your MOST appropriate action would be to: A. restrain her if she is extremely emotional and will not calm down B. demonstrate courtesy and speak with a professional tone of voice C. tell her that everything will be alright to calm her down D. discourage her from expressing fears until a counselor is available

B. demonstrate courtesy and speak with a professional tone of voice

The compliance monitoring component of an infection control plan should: A. identify who to notify after an exposure and where treatment should be provided B. ensure that employees understand what they should do and why it is important C. consist of a list of task that pose a risk for contact with blood or other body fluids D. address issues such as medical waste collection, storage, and ambulance disinfection

B. ensure that employees understand what they should do and why it is important

When considering his or her personal life, it is important for the EMT to realize that: A. it is more difficult to effectively relax at home than it is while on duty B. family or friends may not understand the stress associated with EMS C. he or she should not discuss stressful issues with family members D. shift work is the least stressful type of an EMS- related work schedule

B. family or friends may not understand the stress associated with EMS

You are dispatched to the scene of a crash involving a large tanker truck. While you are en route, dispatch advises you that there are multiple patients and that the fire department is en route as well. As you approach the scene, you should A. immediately being evacuating residents who live near the crash site B. maintain a safe distance and try to read the placard with binoculars C. don personal protective equipment and quickly triage all patients D. cordon off the area and quickly remove all of the injured patients

B. maintain a safe distance and try to read the placard with binoculars

As an EMT, it is important to remember that the signs and symptoms of cumulative stress: A. usually mainfest suddenly and without warning B. may not be obvious or present all the time C. are most effectively treated with medications D. cannot be identified and can cause health problems

B. may not be obvious or present all the time

The MOST effective way to preserve your own body heat when functioning in cold, wet weather is to: A. avoid outer clothing with zippers B. wear at least three layers of clothing C. wear a heavy, thick-jacket or coat D. wear socks made of heavy-duty cotton

B. wear at least three layers of clothing

which of the following statements regarding the hepatitis B vaccine is correct? A. the hepatitis B vaccine provides protection against the disease for 2 years B. vaccintation with the heaptitis B confers immunity against hepatitis A C. OSHA requires that your employer offer you the vaccine free of charge D. vaccination against hepatitis B provides partial immunity for life

C. OSHA requires that your employer offer you the vaccine free of charge

A 15-year-old boy was killed when he was struck by a car while riding his bicycle. He has numerous disfiguring injuries and has been placed in the back of the ambulance to sheild him from curious bystanders. when the childs parents arrive at the scene, they demand to see him. you should: A. let them know that becasue of the circumstances of their childs death, they will not be premitted to see him at this time B. discreetly escort them to the back of the ambulance and allow them to see their child by themselves while you wait outside C. advise them that their son had severely disfiguring injuries and ask them if there is anyone they would like you to contact first D. express your sincere condolences over their loss and have them escorted away from the scene by law enforcment ofiicer

C. advise them that their son had severely disfiguring injuries and ask them if there is anyone they would like you to contact first

______ is a response to the anticipation of danger A. despair B. anger C. anxiety D. rage

C. anxiety

If it is not possible to adequately clean your ambulance at the hospital following a call, you should: A. quickly wipe down all high- contact surfaces with an antibacterial solution B. thoroughly wash the back of the ambulance at a local car wash or similar facility C. clean the ambulance at your station in a designated area that is well ventilated D. wait until the end of your shift and then disinfect the entire patient compartment

C. clean the ambulance at your station in a designated area that is well ventilated

which type of stress reaction occurs when an EMT is exposed to many insignificant stressors over a period of several months or years? A. posttraumatic stress reaction B. acute stress reaction C. cummlative stress reaction D. critical incident stress reaction

C. cummlative stress reaction

It is especially important for EMS personnel to develop nonadversarial relationships with their coworkers because they: A. may have to bunk in the same room B. must work together every third day C. depend on one another for their saftey D. are highly prone to stress and burnout

C. depend on one another for their saftey

Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. fear of medical personnel B. history of chronic disease C. distrust of EMTs D. mental disorders

C. distrust of EMTs

the MOST important consideration at the scene of a hazardous materials incident is: A. identify the hazardous material B. calling the hazardous materials team C. ensuring your personal safety D. eveacuating the bystanders

C. ensuring your personal safety

you are assessing a middle- aged man with chest pain that you suspect is caused by a cardiac problem. the patient tells you that he dose not want to go to the hospital and insists that you leave him alone. you should: A. tell him that he is having a heart attack and that he needs to go to the hospital B. proceed to treat him because the stress of the situation has impaired his thinking C. explain the seriousness of the situation to him, but avoid causing undue alarm D. reasure him that he will not receive a bill for EMS call if he cannot pay

C. explain the seriousness of the situation to him, but avoid causing undue alarm

The hepatitis B vaccine program, a component of the infection control plan, addresses all of the following issues, EXCEPT: A. record keeping and tracking B. postvaccine antibody titers C. family history of hepatitis D. vaccine safety and efficacy

C. family history of hepatitis

Which of the following signs would indicate that your partner is experiencing significant stress? A. hyperactivity during an EMS call B. acute increase in appetite C. isolation from the rest of the crew D. increased intreset in daily activities

C. isolation from the rest of the crew

You are caring for a 40-year-old female who was involved in a motor vehicle crash. Her husband, who was driving the vehicle, was killed. When the patient asks you if her husband is all right, you should A. immediately tell her of his death so that she may grieve B. tell her that he is being resuscitated by other EMTs C. let clergy or hospital staff relay the bad news if possible D. avoid answering her questions and focus on her injuries

C. let clergy or hospital staff relay the bad news if possible

A 12-year-old boy told his grandmother he was going to collect the days mail, located on the opposite side of the street, for her. as he was returning with the mail, he was stuck by a vehicle and was found lying lifeless in the middle of the steet. which of the following would appropriate to say to the grandmother? A. its best not to spend time talking to the grandmother B. dont worry. im sure he'll be fine C. were placing him on a backboard to protect his back, and we'll take him to the columbus comminity hospital. do you know who his doctor is D. what were you thinking? you will be reported

C. were placing him on a backboard to protect his back, and we'll take him to the columbus comminity hospital. do you know who his doctor is

A critical incident stress debriefing should be conducted no longer than ________ hours following the inciden A. 12 B. 24 C. 6 D. 72

D. 72

Components of the CISM system include: A. preincident stress education B. defusings C. spouse and family support D. All of these answers are correct

D. All of these answers are correct

When caring for the parents of a child who has died of leukemia, the EMT should: A. refrain from using words such as died or dead B. immediately refer them to a counselor C. tell them that their feelings are understood D. acknowledge the death of their child in private

D. acknowledge the death of their child in private

When acknowledging the death of a child, reactions vary, but ____________ is common. A. shock B. disbelief C. denial D. all of these answers are correct

D. all of these answers are correct

if you find that you are the target of the patients anger, make sure that you: A. are safe B. do not take the anger or insults personally C. are tolerant and do not become defensive D. all of these answers are correct

D. all of these answers are correct

sexual harassment is defined as: A. any unwelcome sexual advance B. unwelcome request for sexual favors C. unwelcome verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature D. all of these answers are correct

D. all of these answers are correct

you are transporting a veteran whose legs were amputated in the war. when calling your radio report to the emergency department, which of the follwoing words would be the MOST appropriate to use when describing the patient? A. crippled B. handicapped C. deformed D. disabled

D. disabled

which of the following is the MOST significant factor in determining weather a person will become ill from certain germs? A. race B. age C. gender D. immunity

D. immunity

Physiologic manifestations of stress include: A. flushed skin, decreased muscle control, and vomiting B. increased blood pressure, decreased blood glucose levels, and chest pain C. slow heart rate, low blood pressure, and severe headaches D. perspiration, increased blood glucose levels, and dilated pupils

D. perspiration, increased blood glucose levels, and dilated pupils

Critical incident stress management (CISM) can occur at an ongoing scene in all of the following circumstances, EXCEPT: A. before personnel are preparing to reenter the scene B. before leaving the scene after the incident is resolved C. when presonnel are assessed during periods of rest D. when patients are actively begin assessed or treated

D. when patients are actively begin assessed or treated

A positive TB skin test indicates that: A. you are actively infected with TB B. the TB disease is currently dormant but may later become active C. you have never been exposed to TB D. you have been exposed to TB

D. you have been exposed to TB