Chapter 2: Something You Are - Biometric Methods

Biometric Types: How does Gait Analysis work?

Gait Analysis identifies individuals based on the way they WALK (passive) **It measures how one's feet hit and leave the ground while walking. Some methods focus primarily on the feet, knees and hips while other methods place emphasis on silhouette sequences of individuals for identification **An individual can purposely change their gait, doing something as simple as adding a limp

What are the 2 strongest biometric methods we've discussed thus far?

Iris and Retina scans are the strongest biometric methods --> though iris scans are used instead of retina scans because retina scans = intrusive and reveal private medical issues

Biometric Types: How does Iris Scanning work?

Iris scanners use camera technologies to capture the patterns of the iris around the pupil for recognition They can take pictures from about 3 to 10 inches away avoiding physical contact --> common in many passport free border crossings around the world

Why do people object to the use of Retina Scanner?

People object to the use of these scanners for authentication because they can identify medical issues and because you typically need to have physical contact with the scanner **In simple terms retina scanning = intrusive

Biometric Type: How do Retina Scans work?

Retina scanners can the retina of one or both eyes and use the PATTERN of BLOOD Vessels at the back of the eye for recognition.

What is Something You Are authentication?

This factor/type of authentication uses biometrics for authentication

True/False: The formal enrollment process IS NOT always necessary especially if the goal is identification instead of authentication

True

True/False: Biometric methods are the STRONGEST form of authentication because they are the most difficult for an attacker to falsify

True --> recall that passwords (something you know) are the weakest form of authentication

Fill-in-the-blank: Most biometric systems use a ________ ________ process.

Two-step process --> 1. Users register or enroll with the authentication system. For instance, the authentication system first capture's a user's fingerprint and then associates it with the user's identity 2. Later when user's want to access the system they use their fingerprints to prove their identity

Biometric Type: How does Vein matching work?

Vein matching systems identify individuals using near-infrared light to view their veins *Most vein matching systems measure the veins in an individual's palm because there are more veins in the palm instead of a finger **Many hospitals and health care systems use palm scanners as a quick and easy way to identify patients and to PREVENT patient misidentification

Biometric Types: How does Voice recognition work?

Voice recognition methods identify who is speaking using speech recognition methods to identify different acoustic features People's voice are distinct from one another due to differences in their mouth and throat and behavioral patterns that affect their speaking style

What are the 7 types of biometrics discussed in the book?

1. Fingerprint 2. Vein 3. Retina 4. Iris 5. Facial 6. Voice 7. Gait Analysis

Biometric Types: How does facial recognition work?

Facial recognition systems identify people based on their facial features. *This includes the size of their face compared to the rest of their body, and the size, shape, and position of their eyes, nose, mouth, cheekbones, and jaw. example = Apple's Face ID feature