Chapter 2 Study Questions
What are six practical reasons for studying theoretical perspectives?
1) Understanding of the present 2) guide to action 3) source of new ideas 4) clues to the meaning of your managers decisions 5) clues to the meaning of outside events 6) producing positive results
Select all that apply. Which of the following are true about complexity theory? 1. It is the study of how order and pattern arise from complicated, chaotic systems. 2. It says that open systems have the potential of producing synergy. 3. It recognizes that all complex systems are networks of many interdependent parts that interact according to certain simple rules. 4. It is the idea that two or more forces combined create an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. 5. It seeks to understand how organizations adapt to their environments. 6. It is used in strategic management and organizational studies.
1, 3,5,6
What would be an example of the application of the four parts of a system?
1. Inputs (people, money, equipment, information, etc needed to produce goods) 2. Transformational processes (organization converts inputs to outputs) 3. Outputs (products, services, etc produced by the organization) 4. Feedback (information about the reaction of the environment to outputs)
What are the three contemporary perspectives of management?
1. Systems Viewpoint: sees organization as a system of interrelated parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose 2. Contingency Viewpoint: managers approach should vary according to the individual or situation 3. Quality Management Viewpoint: Quality control, quality assurance, and total quality management
In which ways did Munsterberg suggest that psychologists could contribute to industry? (Choose every correct answer.) 1. Recognize the physical motions employees use to complete a task. 2. Identify the people who are best suited for a job. 3. Recognize the psychological conditions necessary for employees to do their best work. 4. Identify ways managers can encourage employees to take desired actions. 5. Identify the ways people emotionally connect to products and services.
2, 3, 4
Select all of the positive features of bureaucracy according to Max Weber. (Choose every correct answer.) 1. Strong personal connections 2. Specialists for complex tasks 3. Procedural ambiguity 4. Clear hierarchy 5. Merit-based careers 6. Formal rules and procedures 7. Impersonality
2, 4, 5, 6, 7
Who is known as the "father of industrial psychology" because of his revolutionary ideas on studying human behavior in workplaces? A) Hugo Munsterberg B) Frank Gilbreth C) Henri Fayol D) Frederick W. Taylor
A.
Pioneered by Charles Clinton Spaulding, Henri Fayol, and Max Weber.
Administrative management
The classical viewpoint of management emphasizes ways to ______. A) achieve economies of scale B) manage work more efficiently C) enhance employee relations D) foster first-mover advantage
B.
Why should you adopt a total quality management viewpoint?
Because this viewpoint is focused on quality of their products, quality control minimizing errors, and quality assurance focusing on the performance of workers
What are three roles you could play as a manager in a learning organization?
Build a commitment to learning, work to generate ideas with impact, and work to generalize ideas with impact
Frederick Taylor created the scientific management system after studying _____. A) the number of hours it took to train an employee B) wage rates associated with specific tasks C) the physical motions workers used while doing a task D) the time it took to deliver a product after it was ordered
C.
The _____ viewpoint places emphasis on the importance of understanding the actions of humans and the motivation and encouragement of employees toward achievement? A) classical B) quantitative C) behavioral D) systems
C.
The ultimate open system. Used in strategic management and organizational studies, the discipline seeks to understand how organizations, considered as relatively simply and partly connected structures, adapt to their environments.
Complexity Theory
_____ approaches to management include learning organizations, high-performance work practices, and sustainable development. Behavioral Historical Classical Contemporary
Contemporary
Mary Parker Follett felt that managers should act as ______ rather than dictators. A) controllers B) producers C) engineers D) facilitators
D.
Maslow and McGregor focused on the study of ______ as it relates to increasing worker productivity. A) mathematics B) communities C) physical movement D) human relations
D.
Scientific management is the study of work methods to improve the productivity of _____. A) external vendors B) accounting practices C) the supply chain D) individual workers
D.
The management approach of _____ was one of the first to recognize that enriching the lives of organizational and community family was just as important as a company making a profit? A) Maslow B) Taylor C) Gilbreth D) Spaulding
D.
What are the contributions of scientific management? Who was the father of scientific management?
Emphasized the scientific study of work methods to improve the productivity of individual workers, Frederick Taylor is the father of scientific management
How would you summarize the behavioral viewpoint and what are it's contributions?
Emphasizes the importance of understanding human behavior and motivating employees toward achievement, Hugo Munsterberg, the father of industrial psychology, studied human behavior in work places and is still taught today
According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs? Equipment Feedback Technology People Profit Money
Equipment, People, Money
What are the two overarching perspectives about management and what are the 3 viewpoints that each cover?
Main two perspectives are historical and contemporary. Historical viewpoints: classical, behavioral, and quantitative. Contemporary viewpoints: systems viewpoint, contingency viewpoint, and quality- management viewpoint.
What is the difference between management science and operations management? (Both quantitative viewpoints)
Management science focuses on using mathematics and rationale to solve problems, whereas operations management is focused on delivering an organizations products more effectively
PRME
Principles of Responsible Management Education
What are the six PRME principles?
Purpose, Values, Method, Research, Partnership, and Dialogue.
What would be an example of the application of the contingency viewpoint?
Says managers approach should vary according to the individual and situation, for example maybe allowing pets in the workplace motivates employees, it's all at a case by case basis.
What is evidence based management?
Translates principles based on best evidence into organizational practices, emphasizes scientific method bringing rationality into decision making
True or false: Frederick Taylor is associated with the scientific management approach to management.
True
An organization with managers and subordinates working together in harmony is said to operate as _____.
communities
According to the ____ viewpoint, a management problem should be handled according to the individual and the environmental situation. behavioral classical contingency humanistic
contingency
Conflicts should be resolved by having managers and workers talk over differences and find solutions that would satisfy both parties. A process Follett called _________.
integration
An organization that actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself and is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge is said to be a
learning organization.
A flaw in the classical viewpoint is that it is too ______.
mechanistic
Henri Fayol was the first to identify the major functions of management:
planning, organizing, leading and controlling.
An open system fosters the idea that two or more forces combined create an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. This is known as _____. profitability complexity synergy contingency
synergy
