Chapter 20 AP Euro
In Primary Source 19.5: Napoleon's Proclamation to the French People, Napoleon claims to be
A soldier of liberty
Why was France unable to manage its debt even though it was smaller than that of Great Britain?
France lacked a central bank, a paper currency, or a system of national credit.
Reason antifederalists opposed American constitution
They feared for the individual freedoms for which they had fought
How did the delegates to the Legislative Assembly convened in October of 1791 differ from the delegates to the Estates General?
They were more inexperienced and radical
Hundred Days
brief time when Napoleon tried to take over as king
How did Louis XV damage the sense of his sacred authority?
He allowed his common-born mistress to exert tremendous cultural and political influence.
What two fundamental principles of the French Revolution were incorporated into the Napoleonic Code?
Nationalism and civil rights; equality before the law and promotion by merit/talent
How did the National Assembly restore order in the wake of the Great Fear of 1789?
issued the declaration of the rights of man and citizens; driven to more radical action
What effect did Napoleon's continental system have on French artisans and members of the middle class?
it cut off trade with Britain so it hurt them
During the 1780s, what was over half of France's budget spent on?
national debt
What drove the National Assembly to more radical action in the summer of 1789?
Action from the people such as the Parisian mob, peasants, and generally outside action from normal people
What occupations did the representatives elected to the Estates General as delegates of the Third Estate primarily have?
Lawyers, merchants, bankers (bourgeoise)
The Petition of French Jews
Since civil rights are independent from religious principles, all men are equally able to serve the fatherland and should have the title of citizen
What was the 1st political effect of the Bastille?
The King's plan to reassert his authority was thwarted, permitting the National Assembly to continue its work
What was Abbé Sieyès's answer to the question, "What is the Third Estate?"
The most useful component of French society
What was the effect of the Declaration of Independence on the traditional rights of englishmen?
The rights of Englishmen became globalized. The entire world politically is centered around the declaration.
Abigail Adams - Primary Source 19.1
To grant women full political rightsed
Mary Wollstonecraft
Wrote Vindication of rights of Woman
Why did members of the National Convention turn against Robespierre?
because they thought he was going to kill them
Grand Empire
built by Napoleon and composed of three parts: an ever-expanding France, a number of dependent satellite kingdoms, and the largely independent but allied states of Austria, Prussia, and Russia
What was the goal of the Committee of Public Safety?
deal with threats from within and outside of France that was given dictorial power to deal with the national emergency-- headed by Robespierre
Which document guaranteed equality before the law as a right of all Frenchmen?
declaration of the rights of man and citizen
What was the legal definition of the composition of the Third Estate?
everyone who was not clergy or nobility. a lot of variation because it went from lawyer to peasant
The Loyalist faction in the American Revolution
tended to be wealthy and politically moderate
While presenting themselves as liberators to the peasants and middle class, how did French armies actually behave toward the people they conquered?
they confiscate goods and property
Why was the French army able to win a string of military victories between 1793 and 1794?
sheer number and patriotism
What were the provisions of Napoleon's Concordat with the Catholic Church?
Catholicism got recognition as the national religion of France. People were allowed to practice it freely. Napoleon gained the right to appoint Bishops and nominate officials. The Church wouldn't oppose Napoleon. He got rid of a major obstacle by letting Catholicism make a comeback.
To which groups did Napoleon appeal in order to consolidate his hold on power?
Dissolution revolutionaries and members of the old nobility
Olympe De Gouges
Declaration of the rights of woman and the female citizen
After the arrest and deportation of Toussaint L'Ouverture, how was the war of Haitian Independence resolved?
Jean-Jacques Dessaline, L'Ouverture's lieutenant, led the resistance to a crushing victory over the French and later declared Haitian independence
What did Edmund Burke predict the French Revolution would lead to?
he said it would end terribly as appose to Mary Wollstonecraft who wrote that the revolution was a good reform and a new and better age.
Despite being initially pleased by the Revolution's weakening of France, why did European monarchs eventually come to fear the Revolution?
it tended to spread to their countries
Before he rose to power, what did Napoleon achieve in 1797-1798?
military victories over Austria especially
By whom were Louis XVI and his court forced to return to Paris?
parisian women
What four policies did the Convention's central government in Paris use to reassert control over the provinces and fight against the First Coalition?
price control (food and bread keep the support of the people- sans coulette (artisans) and peasants- they have the numbers), nationalism, terror, and the levee on mass (huge army)
