Chapter 20 Terms & Names

Wabash, St. Louis, & Pacific Railway Company v. Illinios

What U.S. Supreme court case (1886) ruled that only the federal government could regulate interstate commerce which ended state regulation of railroads and this prompted Congress to pass federal legislation to control railroad abuses?

Democrats

What major political party of the late 1800's portrayed themselves as the party of limited government and protector of personal liberties?

Republicans

What major political party of the late 1800's portrayed themselves as the party of nationalism and cultural uniformity and supported laws to control the "new immigrants" to the U.S.?

Democrats

What major political party was strongest in the South during the late Nineteenth century and this party stood as the defenders of the traditions of the region's white population?

Prohibition Party

What minor/third political party campaigned for the abolition of alcohol and also introduced many important reform ideas into American politics?

Sherman Antitrust Act

What name was given to the Congressional legislation of 1890 which was the first federal antitrust measure to promote economic competition by prohibiting business combinations such as monopolies and business trusts in restraint of trade and commerce?

Mugwumps

What name was given to the conservative reformers who supported civil service reform and favored sound money and limited government?

Coxey's Army

What name was given to the protest march, led by a Ohio Populist businessman, who proposed the creative idea of starting a public works program to provide employment during the economic depression of the 1890s?

Granger Laws

What name was given to the state laws enacted by some Midwestern states to regulate railroad freight and storage rates to help farmers?

Spoils System

What name was given to the system within the Federal Bureaucracy where politicians awarded government jobs to party workers, with little regard for qualified candidates?

Farmer's Alliance

What organization which originated in Texas advanced the interests of the discontented small farmers and was a major force helping those in agriculture; this organization was a popular movement of protest and demanded economic and political reforms?

James A. Garfield

What person was assassinated early in his presidency in 1881 by a crazed man who was a disappointed office seeker and this prompted Congress to pass civil service reform?

William Jennings Bryan

What person was the presidential nominee of the Democratic Party in 1896 and 1900 whose platform endorsed the free silver issue, the income tax, and tighter regulation of business trusts and railroads?

William Mckinley

What person won both presidential elections in 1896 and 1900 and supported the Republican platform for high tariffs and the gold standard during the Battle of the Standards?

Laissez-Faire

What term was given to the policy of very little government regulation or intervention (hands-off) in the economic system which was supported by the business leaders and most government officials?

Farmer's Coopertives

What was organized by the Farmers' Alliance to market crops and purchase supplies by farmers and members at discounted prices in bulk such as tools, seed, livestock, and other farm-related products?

Pendleton Civil Service Act

What was the name of the Congressional Act of 1883 which substantially reformed the Federal Bureaucracy by creating a commission to oversee government workers' job appointments on the basis of merit rather than politics?

Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)

What was the name of the first Federal regulatory agency which was established by Congress in 1887 to oversee railroad practices and business abuses?

Populist Party/People's Party

What was the name of the independent/third political party in 1892 whose Omaha platform rejected Laissez-faire capitalism and demanded government ownership of the rail roads, telephone, and telegraph systems along with the free and unlimited coinage of silver?

Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)

What was the name of the organization which was dedicated to prohibiting the sale and distribution of alcohol and they believed that alcohol abuse was a result of poverty and social disorder?