chapter 21 a&p 2

What is an APC? a. Antigen presenting cell b. Allergic potential cell c. Antigen proliferating cell d. Antibody presenting cell

a. Antigen presenting cell

What is not true about antibodies? a. They are cells. b. They bind to a single, specific antigen. c. They are found in plasma and other body secretions. d. They are produced by plasma cells.

a. They are cells.

Fever is often a beneficial immune response because it can speed the activities of leuckocytes. a. True b. False

a. True

Which of the following is not a type of T cell? a. antigenic b. cytotoxic c. regulatory d. helper

a. antigenic

B cells provide this kind of immunity. a. humoral b. cellular c. antigenic d. clonal

a. humoral

Which of the following would be a component of the body's first line of defense? a. mucous membranes b. phagocytes c. natural killer cells d. inflammation

a. mucous membranes

Passive immunity does not produce memory cells. a. true b.false

a. true

Perforins form complexes that penetrate the cell membrane and allow the passage of the apoptosis inducing protein granzyme to enter the targeted cell. a. true b. false

a. true

Virus infected cells secrete interferons to "warn" other cells of the presence of virus and deny entry to them. a. true b. False

a. true

B cells mature in the thymus. a. True b. False

b. False

Inflammation ________. a. is caused by viral activity to enhance the spread of the disease b. brings more leukocytes to the sight of infection c. is caused by bacterial activity to enhance the spread of disease d. slows the healing process with swelling that can impair bodily function

b. brings more leukocytes to the sight of infection

An advantage of innate immunity is ________. a. the numerous steps in the activation of its cells that can prevent autoimmune disease b. its barriers that prevent pathogens from entering into the body c. the specificity of its individual cells which specialize in the removal on one type of antigen d. the use of antibodies to cause cell lysis and kill invading cells

b. its barriers that prevent pathogens from entering into the body

Regulatory T cells ________. a. release cytokines that increase the activity of cytotoxic T cells and activated B cells b. may function in preventing autoimmune reactions c. aid B cells in antibody production d. decrease their activity as antigenic stimulus decreases

b. may function in preventing autoimmune reactions

Vaccines work by ________. a. boosting innate immunity with cytokines b. priming the adaptive immunity with a relatively harmless primary exposure c. suppressing inflation to help speed healing d. providing the necessary antibodies to fight infections

b. priming the adaptive immunity with a relatively harmless primary exposure

A vaccine is effective because ________. a. the vaccine contains the antibodies necessary to fight infection b. the secondary response of the adaptive immunity is faster and more efficient the primary response c. B-lymphocytes are unable to mount an immune response the first time they are exposed to a new pathogen d. the vaccine contains the lymphocytes necessary to fight infection

b. the secondary response of the adaptive immunity is faster and more efficient the primary response

T cells are differentiated into two groups based on their glycoproteins: CD4 or CD8. Which of the following is true of CD4 T cells? a. They become antigen presenting cells (APC) cells. b. They become cytotoxic T cells. c. They become T helper cells d. They become plasma cells.

c. They become T helper cells

Membrane attack complex (MAC) kills by ______ a. penetrating the capsule of the bacteria giving antibiotic drugs access to bacterial cells b. providing a passage for antibodies to enter into the bacterial cytosol c. disrupting the selectively permeability of a bacteria's plasma membrane by inserting a pore complex in the membrane d. allowing the organelles to spill free from the bacteria

c. disrupting the selectively permeability of a bacteria's plasma membrane by inserting a pore complex in the membrane

Vaccines work by ________. a. boosting innate immunity with cytokines b. providing the necessary antibodies to fight infections c. priming the adaptive immunity with a relatively harmless primary exposure d. suppressing inflation to help speed healing

c. priming the adaptive immunity with a relatively harmless primary exposure

Which of the following does not describe actions of interferon (IFN)? a. IFN binds to normal, uninfected cells stimulating the activation of genes that produce anti-viral proteins. b. Virally infected cells can release interferon which attracts NK cells to attack and kill the IFN secreting cell. c. IFN will attract macrophages to the secreting cell to be removed by phagocytosis. d. IFN can penetrate the viral capsid and destroy the virus.

d. IFN can penetrate the viral capsid and destroy the virus.

Allergens differ from antigens because ________. a. allergens do not involve the leucocytes, they simply stimulate the inflammatory response b. allergens are primarily plant derived while antigens are bacterial or viral in nature c. allergens are only active seasonally and are generally harmless to the body d. allergens produce an abnormally large immune response to what is an otherwise harmless particle

d. allergens produce an abnormally large immune response to what is an otherwise harmless particle

B lymphocytes develop immunocompetence in the ________. a. thymus b. lymph nodes c. spleen d. bone marrow

d. bone marrow

A cellular component of the innate defenses includes ________. a. B cells b. plasma cells c. T cells d. natural killer cells

d. natural killer cells