Chapter 21 Post - Lecture Assignment Study Guide

Which of the following are at the classification level of domain in the taxonomic hierarchy? A) Bacteria B) Archaea C) Eukarya D) Animalia E) Amoebozoa

A) Bacteria B) Archaea C) Eukarya

Given the following cladogram and list of characteristics: Based on what you know about the principle of parsimony, which of the following is most likely a shared primitive character of mosses, ferns, conifers, and flowering plants? A) Chlorophylls a and b B) Vascular tissue. C) Seeds. D) Flowers. E) Both chlorophylls a and b and seeds.

A) Chlorophylls a and b

A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that describes a phylogeny. A phylogeny is ... A) the evolutionary history of a species or group of species. B) the geographic distribution of populations in a species. C) the generations of individuals in a population. D) the distribution of species in a given area in time. E) a list of character traits of individual species set in a tree diagram.

A) the evolutionary history of a species or group of species.

________ is a term that refers to similarities among various species that occur because the species are derived from a common ancestor. A) Analogy B) Phylogeny C) Homology D) Heterology E) Morphology

C) Homology

Which of the following is NOT a domain? A) Eukarya. B) Archaea. C) Protista. D) Bacteria. E) Both Bacteria and Protista.

C) Protista.

Which of the following organisms would NOT be classified in the Domain Eukarya? A) Canis lupis (wolf). B) Loxodonta cyclotis (forest elephant). C) Salmonella enterica (bacteria that causes food poisoning). D) Aleuria aurantia (ascomycete fungi). E) Sequoiadendron giganteum (Giant Sequoia tree).

C) Salmonella enterica (bacteria that causes food poisoning).

Given the following cladogram and list of characteristics: Based on what you know about the principle of parsimony, which of the following is most likely a shared derived character of conifers and flowering plants? A) Chlorophylls a and b B) Vascular tissue. C) Seeds. D) Flowers. E) Both chlorophylls a and b and seeds.

C) Seeds.

Consider the following DNA sequences for four different species: 1: AATCG 2: TAATG 3: ATACC 4: ATAGG Based on the principle of parsimony, which species shares a most recent common ancestor with a species having the sequence TTACC? A) Species 1 B) Species 2 C) Species 3 D) Species 4

C) Species 3

Refer to the cladogram below. Which shared derived character is common to the lizard and rabbit but not the salmon? A) Notochord. B) Vertebrae. C) Tetrapod locomotion. D) Mammary glands.

C) Tetrapod locomotion.

When a species consisting of a single large population slowly evolves over many generations into a new species, this an example of ... A) a shared derived character. B) cladogenesis. C) anagenesis. D) monospeciation. E) horizontal gene transfer.

C) anagenesis.

According to the phylogeny of various plant species depicted here, which species is the most recent common ancestor of species K and J? A) species H B) species E C) species D D) species B

C) species D

The science of describing, naming, and classifying extant and extinct organisms is ... A) evolution. B) phylogeny. C) taxonomy. D) nomenclature. E) biology.

C) taxonomy.

Indicate the number of mutations that must occur for each phylogenetic tree by dragging the correct number of mutations to the place provided within the blue space surrounding each phylogenetic tree diagram. Then, based on what you know about the principle of parsimony, indicate which tree is the preferred hypothesis by ranking the trees from 1 to 3, with 1 indicating the best hypothesis, and term-43 indicating the least preferred hypothesis. Tree 1: ___ mutations, rank ___ Tree 2: ___ mutations, rank ___ Tree 3: ___ mutations, rank ___ A) 3 B) 1 C) 2 D) 7 mutations E) 6 mutations F) 5 mutationsB) 1 C) 2 D) 7 mutations E) 6 mutations F) 5 mutations

Tree 1: D) 7 mutations, rank A) 3 Tree 2: E) 6 mutations, rank C) 2 Tree 3: F) 5 mutations, rank B) 1

Of the taxonomic groups listed below, which is the broadest (contains the most species)? A) Order B) Class C) Family D) Phylum E) Kingdom

E) Kingdom

The firefly (Photinus granulatus) and the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) are both members of the kingdom Animalia. This indicates that they must also both be members of the same ... A) species B) genus C) order D) phylum E) domain

E) domain

The scientific name for the golden crayfish is Orconectes luteus. Based on this information, the crayfish is a member of what genus? A) Orconectes luteus. B) Orconectes. C) luteus. D) O. luteus. E) Orconectes l.

B) Orconectes.

When choosing among competing cladograms, the preferred hypothesis is the one that is the simplest for all characters and their states. This is also known as ... A) the maximum likelihood approach. B) the principle of parsimony. C) the Bayesian method. D) the molecular clock. E) the cladistic approach.

B) the principle of parsimony.

Which of the phylogenetic trees below best demonstrates cladogenesis? A) Tree 1 B) Tree 2 C) Tree 3 D) Both Tree 2 and Tree 3 E) Both Tree 1 and Tree 2

D) Both Tree 2 and Tree 3

The study of biological diversity and evolutionary relationships among organisms is ... A) nomenclature. B) taxonomy. C) ecology. D) systematics. E) biology.

D) systematics.

Label the taxonomic groups for the classification of the gray wolf (Canis lupus) from the most inclusive to the least inclusive taxonomic group. A) Order B) Domain C) Genus D) Species epithet E) Family F) Supergroup G) Kingdom H) Class I) Phylum

Order from top to bottom: B) Domain F) Supergroup G) Kingdom I) Phylum H) Class A) Order E) Family C) Genus D) Species epithet