Chapter 23

Food temp USDA

140

Hot foods must be kept at or above what temp to avoid pathogen growth

140 d F

8 ounces =

240 ml

Miss lee drank 1/3 of an 8 ounce glass of iced tea. How many ml of fluid she she drink

80 ml

T/F: A person on a sodium-restricted diet is not allowed to have salt at all

False

T/F: Calcium helps the blood to clot and Vitamin K helps to build strong bones

False

T/F: Foods that are considered clear liquids include milk, vanilla ice cream, and juice

False

T/F: Nutritional supplements are used to replace meals

False

T/F: The energy to power our bodies comes from water

False

T/F: When assisting a person with a meal, it is important not to talk

False

Can be harmful if consumed too much

Fat-soluble vitamins (for example Via A, D, E, K)

Which one of the following nutrients provides us with maximum energy in terms of calories Carbs Proteins Fats Vitamins and minerals

Fats

What is nutrition?

The process of taking in and using food

How do proteins help our bodies

They rebuild tissues that break down from normal use or as a result of illness or injury

T/F: Assistive devices, such as specially made eating utensils, help a disabled person to regain independence, which is important for self esteem

True

T/F: Extra carbohydrates that are not used immediately as fuel are either stored in the liver or converted to fat and stored elsewhere in the body

True

T/F: Protein is found in foods such as milk and cheese, meat, poultry, fish, eggs, nuts, and dried peas and beans

True

T/F: Wearing a clothing protector is a matter of personal choice; therefore, it is important to ask the resident if he wants to wear a clothing protector or not

True

When assisting a person with eating, one of the first things you should do is

Wash your hands and the persons hands

The transfer of nutrients from the digestive tract into the bloodstream

absorption

Meals must be ___________ to look at, and seasoned to the individual residents __________

attractive/preference

Mrs. Jones is 98 years old and has no food restrictions on his diet. However, he is missing several teeth. Which of the following menus would be the best choice for him

baked fish, mashed potatoes, spinach soufflé and tapioca

The source of the bodys most basic type of fuel, glucose

carbohydrate

Supply energy

carbs, proteins, fat

Foods that are a good source of carbs

cereal, fruit, bread

Foods that can be poured at room temperature and can be seen through

clear liquid diet

The breaking down of food into simple elements

digestion

Difficulty swallowing

dysphagia

Protects our organs helps us to stay warm

fat

Prevents problems with bowel movements by adding bulk to feces

fiber

Make half of your plate __________ and vegetables, especially vegetables that are red, orange, and dark green

fruits

Food that can be poured at room or body temperature

full liquid diet

Make at least ______ of your grains whole

half

Meal time position

high fowlers aka upright (60-90 closer to 90)

When poured the stream looks like a solid column or it drizzles

honey

OBRA requires that meals meet the ________ nutritional needs of each resident

individual

Enternal feedings may be given at scheduled times or continuously by an

infusion pump

___________ involves placing food directly into the stomach or intestines which eliminates the need for the person to chew or swallow

internal nutrition

____________ is not a source of complete nutrition, but it is useful when a person needs fluids

intravenous therapy

Metabolish provides energy measured in units called

kilocalories (aka calories)

Enjoy your food, but eat ________

less

The conversion of nutrients into energy in cells

metabolism

Fluid intake includes

milk, soup, gelatin

Provide structure within the body and regulate body process

minerals

This consistency can be poured very easily. The stream has a ribbon-like appearance

nectar

Dining in the company of ________ is also recommended

other

Foods must be served at the _________ temperature

proper

Vary your ___________ food choices by eating seafood twice a week

protein

This consistency plops rather than pours and is eaten with a spoon

pudding

Well-balanced diet with no restrictions on specific foods or condiments

regular "house" diet

To help avoid ________ and aspiration, the head of the bed is raised during enternal feeding

regurgitation

Special diets, such as those followed for _______ or _______ reasons, must be provided for those residents who need them

religious / health

Look at for _________ in the foods you buy by comparing packaging labels

salt (sodium)

Foods that are a good source of protein

steak, chicken, fish

Which health care professional is specially trained to plan for the patients or residents nutritional needs and teach about good nutrition

the dietitian

What can affect a persons food likes and dislikes

the persons religious beliefs the persons culture where the person lives

In ____________ nourishment is delivered directly into the bloodstream through a large catheter inserted into a large vein near the heart

total prenatal nutrition

Can be dissolved in water as well as stored in the body

vitamins

regulate body processes

vitamins, minerals, water

Accounts for approximately 50-60% of body weight

water

What must be broken down into simple sugars before the body can use it?

Starch

A person may be allowed to have a small amount of salt, or none at all

a sodium-restricted diet

Foods that are hard to chew or digest are removed

a soft diet

Mrs. Wellington is blind. What should you do for her during meal time?

Help identify the location of the food on the place

The intake of food

Ingestion

Assistance a nursing assistant may be expected to provide at meal time

Removing the cover from the tray Describing the foods and their location on the tray to the person Helping the person to open milk cartons and other packages Switching on the radio or television for the person to enjoy

Measures a nursing assistant should take to encourage more fluid intake

Serve fluids that taste good Serve coffee, tea, and soda at the appropriate temp Provide frequent oral hygiene Offer small amounts of a drink frequently throughout the day Fill the pitcher regularly with fresh, cold water Know about the amount and type of fluids that should be offer

Contains limited amounts of carbohydrates

a carbohydrate controlled diet

Low in saturated fats and cholesterol

a low cholesterol diet