Chapter 25: The Reproductive System

What is the importance of the blood-testis barrier?

It prevents escape of membrane antigens of differentiating sperm through the basal lamina and into the blood, where they would activate the immune system.

Which of the following statements regarding an ectopic pregnancy is correct? It usually occurs in a uterine tube. If it occurs in a uterine tube, it can rupture and lead to internal bleeding that may be life threatening. It can occur anywhere in the intraperitoneal region if the zygote does not enter the uterine tube. All of the listed responses are correct.

All of the listed responses are correct.

A cancer that is often caused by a human papilloma virus is __________.

cervical cancer

Involuntary contraction of this smooth muscle layer wrinkles and thickens the walls of the scrotum to prevent heat loss.

dartos muscle

Sperm become motile in the

epididymis

Seminiferous tubules are the site of sperm storage.

false

The ejaculatory ducts are formed by the union of the ductus deferens and urethra.

false

The spermatic cord is another name for the ductus deferens.

false

The opening of the oviduct is surrounded by these structures.

fimbriae

The function of the pampiniform plexus of veins is to

help cool blood

Type of cell in the testes that produces testosterone.

interstitial

The zona pellucida

is a protective shell around the oocyte that sperm must penetrate for fertilization to occur.

The acrosomal reaction occurs

just before fertilization.

The phases of the uterine cycle occur in the following order.

menstrual phase (days 1-5); proliferative phase (days 6-14); secretory phase (days 15-28)

All of the following are located within the spermatic cord except the

superficial inguinal ring.

The vaginal fornix

surrounds the tip of the cervix.

All of the following are adaptations for keeping the testes cool except the

testicular artery.

The usual site of embryo implantation is the

uterus

Oogenesis takes years to complete

True

The journey through the epididymis takes sperm about __________ and by the end of that process, __________.

20 days / they can swim and fertilize anovum through the acrosomal reaction

Identify the correct list of reproductive organs that spermatozoa pass through after they are produced in seminiferous tubules, ending just before they exit the body at the external urethral orifice. Use this numbered key to make your choice. 1. ampulla of ductus deferens 2. testis 3. spongy urethra 4. ductus deferens 5. straight tubule 6. duct of the epididymis 7. prostatic urethra 8. efferent ductile 9. membranous urethra 10. ejaculatory duct

5 - 2 - 8 - 6 - 4 - 1 - 10 - 7 - 9 - 3

The secretion of the seminal vesicles makes up about __________% of the volume of semen, and the secretion contains __________.

60 / fructose, prostaglandins, substances that enhance sperm motility

The largest macroscopic region of the uterus is its

body

In what way are the prostate and the bulbourethral glands similar? In

They are both compound tubuloalveolar glands.

What is the function of the seminiferous tubules?

They are the site of sperm manufacture.

The seminal vesicles

are glands that secrete most of the volume of the semen.

This layer of the uterus contracts during parturition to expel the baby.

myometrium

The female uterine cycle begins

on the first day of menstruation.

For each oogonium that undergoes meiosis, how many eggs result?

one

Which of the following is NOT a function of sustentocytes?

secreting testosterone