Chapter 26 - The Great Depression
When Hoover took office, what signs pointed to trouble in the economy?
The economy slowed down, farmers expenses rose but prices stayed the same making income fall, overproduction, and stocks bought on credit
How did President Hoover's actions lead to the Bonus Army's encampment in Washington?
The government refused to give the Bonus Army their money early
Roosevelt ended the banking crisis by
asking Congress to pass laws to strengthen the banks.
Which of the following was one of the goals of the New Deal? a. plans to increase the national debt b. reforms to prevent another depression c. plans for worldwide recovery d. relief for African Americans
b. reforms to prevent another depression
Which of the following statements about Eleanor Roosevelt is true? a. She was rarely seen at public events. b. She lobbied for government control over education. c. She used her position to speak out about women's rights. d. She believed that men had an obligation to support their families.
c. She used her position to speak out about women's rights.
President Hoover reacted to the Great Depression with
caution.
Opponents of the New Deal criticized the policy of (laissez faire, deficit spending.)
deficit spending
Opponents of the New Deal argued that Roosevelt's programs helped save the (democratic system, laissez faire system.)
democratic system
In the 1930s, Mexican Americans working in cities
faced discrimination.
Some critics opposed the New Deal because they felt it
interfered too much with business and with people's lives.
The Bonus Army consisted of
jobless veterans.
During the early years of the Great Depression, the unemployment rate
rose very high.
Which event marked the beginning of the Great Depression?
stock market crash
During Roosevelt's time in office, labor unions were
strengthened
Why did stock prices fall in 1929?
People sold their stocks ad because so many people sold them the stocks dropped
Which program hired people to build ports, schools, and aircraft carriers?
Public Works Administration
Roosevelt wanted to raise the number of Supreme Court Justices to (12, 15) so that he could appoint 6 who supported his programs.
15
True or False: During the 1932 election, Roosevelt promised to help poor farmers, the jobless, and the elderly as part of his NEW DEAL.
True
True or False: Roosevelt announced his plans and tried to reassure Americans during his FIRESIDE CHATS.
True
The (Social Security Act, Fair Labor Standards Act) created a system of payments for retired and jobless workers.
Fair Labors Standards Act
True or False: Roosevelt's first action as President was to try to solve the FARM crisis.
False - Banking
The TRUTH-IN-SECURITIES ACT was designed to end price cutting and worker layoffs.
False - NRA
True or False: To help farmers, who were still UNDERPRODUCING, Roosevelt asked Congress to pass the Agricultural Adjustment Act.
False - Overproducing
True or False: The Civilian Conservation Corps and the Federal Emergency Relief Administration were set up to help BUSINESSES.
False - Unemployed
What was the most expensively made and most popular movie of the 1930s?
Gone With the Wind
The Dust Bowl was an area in the
Great Plains.
Senator (Huey Long, Charles Coughlin) called for heavier taxes on the rich to help end the depression.
Huey Long
What problems did working women face during the Great Depression?
Low wages, no equality, couldn't find work,and lost their jobs to men.
How were families affected by the depression?
Marriage and birth rates dropped, men and their sons 14 and up left to work, sell apples on the street, and they rent out their houses
Who was the first African American to head a government agency?
Mary McLeod Bethune
What was the Indian New Deal?
Native Americans were in charge of their own land
What were the 3 main goals of FDR's New Deal?
Relief for the Jobless Promoting Recovery Preventing Another Depression
How did the New Deal help African Americans?
They got jobs in government taught how to do things through the CCC
How did writers and artists reflect American life during the Great Depression?
They showed the hardships
What role did radio and movies play during the Great Depression?
They took people's minds off the harships
What was the Dust Bowl?
Winds carrying the soil away in blinding dust storms. This destroyed many farms.
How did each of the following help cause the Great Depression: a) overproduction b) weakness in the banking system?
a) American factories produced vast amounts of goods. The prices went up and people couldn't afford it. b) Banks loaned money to people who invested in the stock market. When the stock market crashed they couldn't repay their loans. Then the banks couldn't give people their money when people wanted to make a withdrawal. This led to banks closing and when the closed people lost all their money they had in the banks.
Which of the following statements about the depression is true? a. It led to a worldwide economic collapse. b. It was isolated to European countries. c. It was isolated to the United States. d. It was felt by only a few groups of people.
a. It led to a worldwide economic collapse.
The Social Security Act was designed to help
older people.
What was one of the chief causes of the Great Depression?
overproduction by factories and farmers
One reason the stock market crashed was because people
panicked and tried to sell their stocks before prices fell even further.
What was Roosevelt's first order of business as President?
to help banks recover
The Supreme Court ruled that the National Industrial Recovery Act and 10 other New Deal laws were (constitutional, unconstitutional.)
unconstitutional
Congress of Industrial Organizations was created to benefit
unions.