Chapter 26.1-26.3
What is the hormone produced by the kidneys that helps regulate Ca2+ levels in the blood?
Calcitriol
What parts of the kidney make up the juxtaglomerular complex (JGC)?
Distal convoluted tubule and afferent arteriole
In which of the basic processes involved in urine formation does blood pressure force water and solutes across the wall of the glomerular capillaries?
Filtration
Which of the following parts of the nephron has two limbs with thick segments and thin segments?
Nephron loop
What are the cells that surround the glomerular capillaries and limit filtration?
Podocytes
What is the process that can return useful solutes like electrolytes and glucose to the blood?
Reabsorption
Regulation of blood volume is an important function of the urinary system. Which of the following is NOT involved with the regulation of blood volume?
Regulation of glucose levels
Which of the following brings oxygenated blood into the kidney?
Renal artery
When plasma glucose concentrations are higher than the renal threshold, glucose concentrations in the filtrate exceed the transport maximum (Tm), and __________.
glucose appears in the urine
Blood supply to the proximal and distal convoluted tubules of the nephron is provided by the __________.
peritubular capillaries
In a nephron, the long tubular passageway through which the filtrate passes includes the __________.
proximal and distal convoluted tubules and the nephron loop
Sixty to 70 percent of the water in the body is reabsorbed in the __________.
proximal convoluted tubule
Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?
Adaptive immunity
What are the blood vessels found in the renal corpuscle that produce filtrate?
Glomerulus
Which of the following is NOT a waste product normally found in urine?
Glucose
Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?
Introduction of plasma proteins into blood plasma
Which organ in the urinary system produces urine?
Kidney
What are the cells found between adjacent glomerular capillaries that can change the diameter of the capillaries and adjust blood flow?
Mesangial cells
Which of the following is a dense, fibrous layer that anchors the kidney to surrounding structures?
Renal fascia
In what part of the kidney are the renal pyramids located?
Renal medulla
What is the expanded, funnel-shaped structure in the kidney that leads to the ureter?
Renal pelvis
Which part of the kidney functions as an endocrine organ to produce erythropoietin and the enzyme, renin?
The juxtaglomerular complex
Which of the following organic wastes is generated by the catabolism of amino acids?
Urea
Which part of the urinary system in the male is shared with the reproductive system?
Urethra
Which organ in the urinary system temporarily stores urine?
Urinary bladder