Chapter 27: Management of Patient with Hypertensive Disorder

25%

A patient is being treated for hypertensive emergency. When treating this patient, the priority goal is to lower the mean blood pressure (BP) by up to which percentage in the first hour? 35% 40% 45% 25%

there is no indication of target organ damage.

The nurse understands that an overall goal of hypertension management is that there is no report of postural hypotension. there is no indication of target organ damage. there are no reports of sexual dysfunction. keep the blood pressure low.

Hyperkalemia

A client is taking 50 mg of oral spironolactone twice a day to assist with blood pressure control. While the nurse is performing the morning assessment, the client reports nausea, general muscle cramps, and weakness. The ECG strip shows a peaked, narrow T-wave, which is a change. What electrolyte imbalance does the nurse suspect? Hypernatremia Hyponatremia Hyperkalemia Hypokalemia

Potassium level

A client is taking amiloride and lisinopril for the treatment of hypertension. What laboratory studies should the nurse monitor while the client is taking these two medications together? Potassium level Magnesium level Calcium level Sodium level

dizziness

A client who is newly diagnosed with hypertension is going to be starting antihypertensive medicine. What is one of the main things the client and the client's spouse should watch for? dizziness persistent cough blurred vision tremor

"Rebound hypertension can occur."

A nurse is teaching a client with newly diagnosed hypertension who asks if there is any harm in stopping antihypertensive medication. What is the nurse's best response? "Rebound hypertension can occur." "Postural hypertension can occur." "Rebound hypotension can occur." "Postural hypotension can occur."

Sensory

A nurse is teaching a client with severe hypertension about the damage this condition can cause to the body. What system/organs will the nurse note are particularly targeted for damage due to severe hypertension? Sensory Gastrointestinal Musculoskeletal Integumentary

differ no more than 5 mm Hg between arms.

When measuring blood pressure in each arm of a healthy adult, the nurse recognizes that the pressures may vary 10 mm Hg or more between arms. may vary, with the higher pressure found in the left arm. differ no more than 5 mm Hg between arms. must be equal in both arms.

Echocardiography

A patient with long-standing hypertension is admitted to the hospital with hypertensive urgency. The physician orders a chest x-ray, which reveals an enlarged heart. What diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate preparing the patient for to determine left ventricular enlargement? Cardiac catheterization Echocardiography Stress test Tilt-table test

"Hypertension often causes no symptoms."

A nurse working in the clinic is seeing a client who has just been prescribed a new medication for hypertension. The client asks why hypertension is sometimes called the "silent killer." What is the best response by the nurse? "Hypertension is difficult to diagnose." "Hypertension often kills early in the disease process." "Hypertension often causes no pain." "Hypertension often causes no symptoms."

Purchasing a self-monitoring BP cuff

A 35-year-old client has been diagnosed with hypertension. The client is a stock broker, smokes daily, and has diabetes. During a follow-up appointment, the client states that regular visits to the doctor just to check blood pressure (BP) are cumbersome and time consuming. As the nurse, which aspect of client teaching would you recommend? Discussing methods for stress reduction Advising smoking cessation Purchasing a self-monitoring BP cuff Administering glycemic control

"The medication you were prescribed may cause sexual dysfunction; are you experiencing this side effect?"

A 55-year-old male client newly diagnosed with hypertension returns to the physician's office for a routine follow-up appointment after several months of treatment with metoprolol. During the initial assessment, the nurse records the client's blood pressure (BP) as 180/90 mm Hg. The client states that the medication is not taken as prescribed. Which is the best response by the nurse? "Be certain to discuss your noncompliance with your medication regimen with the physician." "It is very important for you to take your medication as prescribed, or you could experience a stroke." "Your hypertension must be treated with medications; you need to take your metoprolol every day." "The medication you were prescribed may cause sexual dysfunction; are you experiencing this side effect?"

systolic pressure below 150 mm Hg.

A 65-year-old client is beginning medical management of recently diagnosed hypertension. The most important strategy in this client's treatment is reducing: systolic pressure below 130 mm Hg. diastolic pressure below 80 mm Hg. diastolic pressure below 90 mm Hg. systolic pressure below 150 mm Hg.

"Have you taken your prescribed clonidine today?"

A 66-year-old client presents to the emergency department reporting severe headache and mild nausea for the past 6 hours. Upon assessment, the client's BP is 210/120 mm Hg. The client has a history of hypertension and takes 1.0 mg clonidine twice daily. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the client next? "Have you taken your prescribed clonidine today?" "Are you having chest pain or shortness of breath?" "Do you have a dry mouth or nasal congestion?" "Did you take any medication for your headache?"

Hypertensive urgency

A patient arrives at the clinic for a follow-up visit for treatment of hypertension. The nurse obtains a blood pressure reading of 180/110 but finds no evidence of impending or progressive organ damage when performing the assessment on the patient. What situation does the nurse understand this patient is experiencing? Primary hypertension Hypertensive urgency Hypertensive emergency Secondary hypertension

"Can you tell me the reasons you aren't taking your medications?"

A 77-year-old client presents to the local community center for a blood pressure (BP) screening; BP is recorded as 180/90 mm Hg. The client has a history of hypertension but currently is not taking the prescribed medications. Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask the client first? "Can you tell me the reasons you aren't taking your medications?" "Are you having trouble paying for your medications?" "What medications are you prescribed?" "Are you able to get to your pharmacy to pick up your medications?"

Do you have hypertension in your family?

A client comes to the emergency department complaining of visual changes and severe headache and denies past medical history. The nurse measures the client's blood pressure at 210/120 mm Hg. What question will the nurse ask to explore the hypertension situation? "What have you eaten in the last 24 hours?" "Did you try an over-the-counter medication?" Do you have hypertension in your family?" "Do you smoke cigarettes?"

"Are you still taking the medication?"

A client has been prescribed three medications for hypertension and the nurse measured a blood pressure of 180/80. Which question will the nurse ask the client first? "How much stress are you experiencing?" "Are you following the low-sodium diet?" "Have you stopped exercising?" "Are you still taking the medication?"

Clonidine

A client has severe coronary artery disease (CAD) and hypertension. Which medication order should the nurse consult with the health care provider about that is contraindicated for a client with severe CAD? Clonidine Bumetanide Methyldopa Amiloride

Maintaining a low-sodium diet

A client hospitalized for treatment of hypertension is being prepared for discharge. Which teaching topic should the nurse be sure to cover? Maintaining a low-sodium diet Skipping a medication dose if dizziness occurs Maintaining a low-potassium diet Receiving I.V. antihypertensive medications

To prevent complications/death by achieving and maintaining a blood pressure of 140/90 or less

A client in a clinic setting has just been diagnosed with hypertension. When the client asks what the end goal is for treatment, what is the nurse's best response? To stop smoking and increase physical activity to 30 minutes/day most days of the week To prevent complications/death by achieving and maintaining a blood pressure of 145/95 or less To prevent complications/death by achieving and maintaining a blood pressure of 140/90 or less To lose weight, achieve a body mass index of 24 or less, and to eat a diet rich in fruits and vegetables

Numbness and weakness in the left arm

A client is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a diagnosis of hypertension emergency/crisis. The client's blood pressure (BP) is 200/130 mm Hg. The nurse is preparing to administer IV nitroprusside. Upon assessment, which finding requires immediate intervention by the nurse? Chest pain score of 3 (on a scale of 1 to 10) Urine output of 40 mL over the past hour Nausea and severe headache Numbness and weakness in the left arm

Essential (primary)

A client is being seen at the clinic for a routine physical when the nurse notes the client's blood pressure is 150/97. The client is considered to be a healthy, well-nourished young adult. What type of hypertension does this client have? Pathologic Essential (primary) Secondary Malignant

Isolated systolic hypertension

A client is being seen at the clinic on a monthly basis for assessment of blood pressure. The client has been checking blood pressure at home as well and has reported a systolic pressure of 158 and a diastolic pressure of 64. What does the nurse suspect this client is experiencing? Secondary hypertension Hypertensive urgency Isolated systolic hypertension Primary hypertension

"Flex your calf muscles, avoid alcohol, and change positions slowly."

A client with high blood pressure is receiving an antihypertensive drug. When developing a client teaching plan to minimize orthostatic hypotension, which instruction should the nurse include? "Wear elastic stockings, change positions quickly, and hold onto a stationary object when rising." "Flex your calf muscles, avoid alcohol, and change positions slowly." "Avoid drinking alcohol and straining at stool, and eat a low-protein snack at night." "Rest between demanding activities, eat plenty of fruits and vegetables, and drink 6 to 8 cups of fluid daily."

Stage 1 hypertension

A client with hypertension has a blood pressure of 132/88 mm Hg. For which type of hypertension will the nurse prepare teaching for this client? Stage 1 hypertension Elevated Prehypertension Stage 2 hypertension

Gradual reducing the HCTZ and the atenolol and continuing to reduce sodium intake

A client with hypertension has been able to maintain a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg for 1 year while reducing dietary sodium and taking hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) and atenolol. What treatment plan will the nurse educate the client about? Discontinuing the HCTZ and atenolol and continuing to reduce sodium intake Gradual reducing the HCTZ and the atenolol and continuing to reduce sodium intake Gradually reducing the atenolol and continuing the HCTZ Continuing the medication and reducing dietary sodium

Age

A client with newly diagnosed hypertension asks what to do to decrease the risk for related cardiovascular problems. Which risk factor is not modifiable by the client? Age Obesity Inactivity Dyslipidemia

Secondary

A client, newly admitted to the nursing unit, has a primary diagnosis of renal failure. When assessing the client, the nurse notes a blood pressure (BP) of 180/100. The nurse knows that this is what kind of hypertension? Malignant Essential Secondary Primary

Blood lipid levels

A community health nurse teaching a group of adults about preventing and treating hypertension. The nurse should encourage these participants to collaborate with their primary care providers and regularly monitor which of the following? Blood lipid levels Heart rate Sodium levels Potassium levels

Stage 2 hypertension

A diastolic blood pressure of 92 mm Hg is classified as Normal blood pressure Elevated blood pressure Stage 1 hypertension Stage 2 hypertension

130/80 or lower.

A nurse educator is providing information to a small group of clients about hypertension. A participant asks what her target blood pressure should be. The nurse shares that blood pressure should be: 120/70 or lower. 140/90 or lower. 130/80 or lower. 145/95 or lower.

Notify the health care provider.

A nurse is assessing a client and notes a blood pressure (BP) of 205/115. The client has had BP's within normal limits up until this time. The client reports a sudden onset severe headache. The nurse recognizes this as probable malignant hypertension. What would be the nurse's first action? Wait 15 minutes and reassess the vital signs. Administer the ordered antihypertensive. Call a code. Notify the health care provider.

"Clients with diabetes should have a lower blood pressure goal. You should strive for 120/80 mm Hg."

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The client's blood pressure this morning was 150/92 mm Hg. When the client asks the nurse what his or her blood pressure should be, what is the nurse's most appropriate response? "Clients with diabetes should have a lower blood pressure goal. You should strive for 120/80 mm Hg." "The current recommendation is for everyone to have blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg or lower." "Your blood pressure is fine. Just keep doing what you're doing." "The lower the better. Blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg is best for everyone."

"Sit quietly for 5 minutes prior to taking blood pressure.

A nurse is educating a client about monitoring blood pressure readings at home. What will the nurse be sure to emphasize? "Sit with legs crossed when taking your blood pressure." "Avoid smoking cigarettes for 8 hours prior to taking blood pressure." "Be sure the forearm is well supported above heart level while taking blood pressure." "Sit quietly for 5 minutes prior to taking blood pressure."

It takes 2 to 3 months for the taste buds to adapt to decreased salt intake.

A nurse is educating about lifestyle modifications for a group of clients with newly diagnosed hypertension. While discussing dietary changes, which point would the nurse emphasize? A person with hypertension should never consume alcohol. The taste buds never adapt to decreased salt intake. It takes 2 to 3 months for the taste buds to adapt to decreased salt intake. There is usually no need to change alcohol consumption for clients with hypertension.

140/90 or lower

A nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. What will the nurse specify about this client's target blood pressure? 125/85 or lower 150/95 or lower 140/90 or lower 130/80 or lower

130/80 or lower

A nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. What will the nurse specify about this client's target blood pressure? 130/80 or lower 145/95 or lower 150/95 or lower 125/85 or lower

Dietician

A patient has been diagnosed with prehypertension and has been encouraged to exercise regularly and begin a weight loss program. What other healthcare professional may be helpful for the client to see? Social worker Occupational therapist Pharmacist Dietician

4 or 5

According to the DASH diet, how many servings of vegetables should a person consume each day? 2 or fewer 2 or 3 4 or 5 7 or 8

Recommend the client have blood pressure rechecked within 2 weeks.

An older adult client is found to have a blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg during a work-site health screening. What should the nurse do? Recommend the client have blood pressure rechecked within 6 months. Recommend the client see a health care provider immediately for further evaluation. Consider this to be a normal finding for the client's age. Recommend the client have blood pressure rechecked within 2 weeks.

A possible adverse effect of blood pressure medicine is dizziness when you stand.

An older adult client visits the clinic for a blood pressure check. The client's hypertension is not well controlled, and a new blood pressure medicine is prescribed. What is important for the nurse to teach this client about blood pressure medicine? Take the medicine on an empty stomach. There are no adverse effects from blood pressure medicine. A severe drop in blood pressure is possible. A possible adverse effect of blood pressure medicine is dizziness when you stand.

30

Approximately what percentage of adults in the United States have hypertension? 20 30 40 50

Direct vasodilators may cause headache and tachycardia. With thiazide diuretics, monitor serum potassium concentration.

Choose the statements that correctly match the hypertensive medication with its side effect. Select all that apply. Cough is a common side effect of adrenergic inhibitors. With ACE inhibitors, assess for bradycardia. Beta-blockers may cause sedation. Direct vasodilators may cause headache and tachycardia. With thiazide diuretics, monitor serum potassium concentration.

Stage 1 hypertensive

During an adult client's last two office visits, the nurse obtained BP readings of 130/88 mm Hg and 132/88 mm Hg, respectively. How would this client's BP be categorized? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY Stage 2 hypertensive Elevated Normal Stage 1 hypertensive

Sustained increase of either one or both systolic or diastolic measurements.

During the physical assessment of a client with hypertension, what would the nurse expect to be the most obvious finding? Client is underweight. Sustained increase of either one or both systolic or diastolic measurements. Client is anemic. Hypotension in either one or both systolic or diastolic measurements.

130, 80

Hypertension is diagnosed when the client demonstrates a systolic blood pressure greater than ______ mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure greater than _____ mm Hg over a sustained period. 130, 80 120, 70 140, 90 110, 60

increases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood.

It is appropriate for the nurse to recommend smoking cessation for clients with hypertension because nicotine increases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood. decreases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood. increases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and increases the heart's ability to eject blood. decreases circulating blood volume.

decreases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles.

Nurses should implement measures to relieve emotional stress for clients with hypertension because the reduction of stress increases the resistance that the heart must overcome to eject blood. increases blood volume and improves the potential for greater cardiac output. decreases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles. increases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles.

The kidney excretes sodium and water.

The nurse is caring for a client with essential hypertension. The nurse reviews lab work and assesses kidney function. Which action of the kidney would the nurse evaluate as the body's attempt to regulate high blood pressure? The kidney retains water and excretes sodium. The kidney retains sodium and excretes water. The kidney excretes sodium and water. The kidney retains sodium and water.

arterial vasoconstriction

Primary or essential hypertension accounts for about 95% of all hypertension diagnoses with an unknown etiology. Secondary hypertension accompanies specific conditions that create hypertension as a result of tissue damage. Which condition contributes to secondary hypertension? acid-base imbalance hepatic function arterial vasoconstriction calcium deficit

Obtain a regular appointment with eye doctor.

The nurse is caring for a client with long-standing hypertension. As a client advocate, what should the nurse suggest is most helpful in preventing further complications? Avoid use of caffeinated beverages. Maintain a healthy diet of fruits and vegetables. Focus on exercise at least twice a week. Obtain a regular appointment with eye doctor.

stage 1 hypertension.

The nurse is caring for a patient with systolic blood pressure of 135 mm Hg. This finding would be classified as normal. elevated. stage 1 hypertension. stage 2 hypertension.

Stage 2 hypertension

The nurse assesses a healthy middle-aged client with a blood pressure of 158/90 mm Hg. In which classification of hypertension is the client according to the latest guidelines? Normal blood pressure Elevated blood pressure Stage 1 hypertension Stage 2 hypertension

Pheochromocytoma

The nurse in an oncology clinic notes that the client being treated has hypertension. What tumor is a predisposing condition for secondary hypertension? Astrocytoma Lymphoma Pheochromocytoma Wilms' tumor

check the client's heart rate.

The nurse is administering medications on a medical-surgical unit. A client is ordered to receive 40 mg oral nadolol for the treatment of hypertension. Before administering the medication, the nurse should check the client's heart rate. check the client's serum K+ level. check the client's urine output. weigh the client.

Beta blocker

The nurse is administering metoprolol to a client. What type of medication should the nurse educate the client about? Vasodilator Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor Diuretic Beta blocker

Papilledema

The nurse is assessing a patient with severe hypertension. When performing a focused assessment of the eyes, what does the nurse understand may be observed related to the hypertension? Papilledema Glaucoma Cataracts Retinal detachment

A high diastolic or low systolic reading

The nurse is assessing the blood pressure for a patient who has hypertension and the nurse does not hear an auscultatory gap. What outcome may be documented in this circumstance? A high diastolic or low systolic reading A high systolic pressure reading A normal reading A low diastolic reading

short-acting intravascular antihypertensive agents

The nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department. The client reports dyspnea, headache, and tinnitus. The client's blood pressure is 210/126 mm Hg. What should the nurse expect the health care provider to order?

"If I take my blood pressure and it is normal, I don't have to take my blood pressure pills."

The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with hypertension. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching? "When getting up from bed, I will sit for a short period before standing up." "I think I'm going to sign up for a yoga class twice a week to help reduce my stress." "I will consult a dietician to help get my weight under control." "If I take my blood pressure and it is normal, I don't have to take my blood pressure pills."

Renal disease

The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with secondary hypertension. Which condition contributes to the development of secondary hypertension? Calcium deficit Acid-based imbalance Renal disease Hepatic function

Serum potassium value of 3.0 mEq/L

The nurse is caring for a client prescribed bumetanide for the treatment of stage 2 hypertension. Which finding indicates the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication? Urine output of 90 mL 1 hour after medication administration Electrocardiogram (EGG) tracing demonstrating peaked T waves Serum potassium value of 3.0 mEq/L Blood glucose value of 160 mg/dL

"Increase the amount of fruits and vegetables you eat."

The nurse is caring for a client who has had 25 mg of oral hydrochlorothiazide added to the medication regimen for the treatment of hypertension. Which instruction should the nurse give the client? "Take this medication before going to bed." "You may develop nasal congestion or depression while taking this medication." "You may drink alcohol while taking this medication." "Increase the amount of fruits and vegetables you eat."

continuous IV infusion

The nurse is caring for a client with a blood pressure of 210/100 mm Hg in the emergency room. What is the most appropriate route of administration for antihypertensive agents? oral sublingual continuous IV infusion intramuscular

Eyes

The nurse is caring for a client with accelerated hypertension. Which body system would the nurse assess to identify early signs of blood pressure progression? Musculoskeletal system Kidney Eyes Heart

Changing positions slowly related to possible hypotension

The nurse is caring for an elderly client with a diagnosis of hypertension, who is taking several antihypertensive medications. Which safety precaution is the nurse most likely to reinforce? Changing positions slowly related to possible hypotension Walking as far as the client is able every day Being sure to keep follow-up appointments Eating extra potassium due to loss of potassium related to medications

Loss of arterial elasticity

The nurse is caring for an older adult client who has come to the clinic for a yearly physical. When assessing the client, the nurse notes the blood pressure (BP) is 140/93. The nurse knows that in older clients what happens that may elevate the systolic BP? Loss of arterial elasticity Increase in calcium intake Decrease in cardiac output Decrease in blood volume

Elevated

The nurse is completing a cardiac assessment on a client. The patient has a blood pressure (BP) reading of 126/78. What would the nurse would identify this blood pressure reading as? Stage 2 hypertension Normal Elevated Stage 1 hypertension

Heart and blood vessels

The nurse is creating a community teaching demonstration focusing on the cause of blood pressure. When completing the visual aid, which body structures represent the mechanism of blood pressure? Heart and blood vessels Kidneys and autonomic nervous system Lung and arteries Brain and sympathetic nervous system

Keep weight stable.

The nurse is discussing aging and the incidence of hypertension with an older adult. What lifestyle change will lower blood pressure for the older adult? Add salt to foods for taste. Sleep four hours each night. Keep weight stable. Exercise once a week.

ACE inhibitor

The nurse is evaluating the types of medications prescribed for a client's hypertension. Which of the following medication classifications establishes an action on vasoconstrictive hormones in the blood stream? ACE inhibitor Calcium channel blocker Loop diuretic Beta-blocker

4 or 5 servings per day

The nurse is explaining the DASH diet to a client diagnosed with hypertension. The client inquires about how many servings of fruit per day can be consumed on the diet. What is the nurse's best response? 7 or 8 servings per day 4 or 5 servings per day 2 or 3 servings per day 2 or fewer servings per day

Sit on the edge of the chair and rise slowly.

The nurse is instructing a client who is newly prescribed an antihypertensive medication. Which nursing instruction is emphasized to maintain client safety? Use a pillbox to store daily medication. Sit on the edge of the chair and rise slowly. Do not operate a motor vehicle. Take the medication at the same time daily.

Positions the arm at waist level

The nurse is instructing a student on the proper technique for measuring blood pressure (BP). Which student action indicates a need for further teaching? Positions the arm at waist level Wraps the blood pressure cuff firmly around the arm Palpates the systolic pressure before auscultating blood pressure Centers the blood pressure cuff bladder directly over the brachial artery

Thiazide diuretic

The nurse is obtaining a health history from a client with a blood pressure of 146/88 mm Hg. The client states that lifestyle changes have not been effective in lowering blood pressure. Which medication classification does the nurse anticipate first? ACE inhibitors Thiazide diuretic Calcium channel blocker Beta-blocker

Lowering and controlling the blood pressure without adverse effects and without undue cost

The nurse is planning the care of a patient admitted to the hospital with hypertension. What objective will help to meet the needs of this patient? Lowering and controlling the blood pressure without adverse effects and without undue cost Making sure that the patient adheres to the therapeutic medication regimen Instructing the patient to enter a weight loss program and begin an exercise regimen Scheduling the patient for all follow-up visits and making phone calls to the home to ensure adherence

systolic BP is between 120 and 139 mm Hg.

The nurse is seeing a client for the first time and has just checked the client's blood pressure. The nurse would consider the client prehypertensive if: systolic BP is above 180 mm Hg. diastolic BP is 100 mm Hg. systolic BP is between 120 and 139 mm Hg. diastolic BP is between 70 and 79 mm Hg.

1 year

The nurse is teaching a client about recommended follow-up for a person initially diagnosed with prehypertension. What time frame will the nurse advise the client to have the blood pressure (BP) rechecked? Confirm within 2 months Evaluate within 1 month 1 year 2 years

2 or fewer

The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with hypertension about the DASH diet. How many servings of meat, fish, and poultry should the client consume per day? 2 or fewer 2 or 3 4 or 5 7 or 8

Gradual changes in position provide time for the heart to increase rate of contraction to resupply oxygen to the brain.

The nurse is teaching a client who is experiencing dizziness to rise slowly from a sitting or lying position. What is the rationale for the teaching? Gradual changes in position help reduce the heart's work to resupply oxygen to the brain. Gradual changes in position help reduce the blood pressure to resupply oxygen to the brain. Gradual changes in position provide time for the heart to reduce its rate of contraction to resupply oxygen to the brain. Gradual changes in position provide time for the heart to increase rate of contraction to resupply oxygen to the brain.

The results will be falsely elevated.

The nurse observes a certified nursing assistant (CNA) obtaining a blood pressure reading with a cuff that is too small for the patient. The nurse informs the CNA that using a cuff that is too small can affect the reading results in what way? The results will be falsely elevated. It will give an accurate reading. The results will be falsely decreased. It will be significantly different with each reading

Maintain adequate dietary intake of fruits and vegetables

The nurse teaches the client which guidelines regarding lifestyle modifications for hypertension? Maintain adequate dietary intake of fruits and vegetables Stop alcohol intake Limit aerobic physical activity to 15 minutes, three times per week Reduce smoking to no more than four cigarettes per day

Hyperkalemia

When administering benazepril with spironolactone, the nurse should be aware that which electrolyte imbalance may occur? Hypercalcemia Hypokalemia Hypocalcemia Hyperkalemia

Pressures should not differ more than 5 mm Hg between arms.

When measuring the blood pressure in each arm of a healthy adult client, the nurse recognizes that which statement is true? Pressures may vary 10 mm Hg or more between arms. Pressures should not differ more than 5 mm Hg between arms. Pressures may vary, with the higher pressure found in the left arm. Pressures must be equal in both arms.

Prazosin

Which adrenergic inhibitor acts directly on the blood vessels, producing vasodilation? Clonidine Propranolol Reserpine Prazosin

"Limiting my salt intake to 2 grams per day will improve my blood pressure."

Which client statement indicates a good understanding of the nutritional modifications needed to manage hypertension? "If I include less fat in my diet, I'll lower my blood pressure." "Limiting my salt intake to 2 grams per day will improve my blood pressure." "I should eliminate caffeine from my diet to lower my blood pressure." "A glass of red wine each day will lower my blood pressure."

Hypertensive emergency

Which describes a situation in which blood pressure is severely elevated and there is evidence of actual or probable target organ damage? Primary hypertension Hypertensive urgency Hypertensive emergency Secondary hypertension

Electrocardiography

Which diagnostic method is recommended to determine whether left ventricular hypertrophy has occurred?

Echocardiography

Which diagnostic method is recommended to determine whether left ventricular hypertrophy has occurred? Electrocardiography Blood chemistry Blood urea nitrogen Echocardiography

Spironolactone

Which diuretic medication conserves potassium? Furosemide Chlorthalidone Spironolactone Chlorothiazide

Retinal blood vessel damage

Which finding indicates that hypertension is progressing to target organ damage? Blood urea nitrogen concentration of 12 mg/dL Chest x-ray showing pneumonia Urine output of 60 mL over 2 hours Retinal blood vessel damage

A client diagnosed with kidney disease

Which of the following client scenarios would be correct for the nurse to identify as a client with secondary hypertension? A client with excessive alcohol intake A client experiencing depression A client of advanced age A client diagnosed with kidney disease

Intracranial hemorrhage

Which of the following would be inconsistent with a hypertensive urgency? Severe headache Epistaxis Intracranial hemorrhage Anxiety

Altered tissue perfusion

Which priority issue should the nurse choose when caring for a client with long-standing hypertension? Altered tissue perfusion Impaired gas exchange Activity intolerance Risk for decreased cardiac output

Hypertensive urgency

Which term describes a situation in which blood pressure is very elevated but there is no evidence of impending or progressive target organ damage? Primary hypertension Hypertensive urgency Hypertensive emergency Secondary hypertension

Secondary hypertension

Which term describes high blood pressure from an identified cause, such as renal disease? Primary hypertension Rebound hypertension Secondary hypertension Hypertensive emergency

Autonomic nervous system

You are teaching a health class at the local YMCA. What body system would you explain regulates arterial blood pressure? Immune system Cardiovascular system Lymphatic system Autonomic nervous system

provide time for the heart to increase the rate of contraction to resupply oxygen to the brain.

it is important for the nurse to encourage the client to rise slowly from a sitting or lying position because gradual changes in position provide time for the heart to reduce the rate of contraction to resupply oxygen to the brain. help reduce the blood pressure to resupply oxygen to the brain. provide time for the heart to increase the rate of contraction to resupply oxygen to the brain. help reduce the work required by the heart to resupply oxygen to the brain. provide time for the heart to increase the rate of contraction to resupply oxygen to the brain.