Chapter 3 Book

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Actin-myosin cross-bridges form when ____

Calcium ions cause active sites to be exposed

A muscle contracts predominately ____ when you throw an object.

Concentrically

The ability to shorten when stimulated is called _____

Contractility

As a person sits from a standing position, what is the predominant contraction type in the lower extremity?

Eccentric

Maximal force is generated in the muscle fibers during ____

Eccentric Contractions

During which of the following maximal contractions is the muscle tension greatest?

Eccentric contraction with the length greater than Lo.

The order of maximum potential force output by contraction type is ____

Eccentric, Isometric, Concentric

The connective tissue component of a skeletal muscle that surrounds fibers is called the _____

Endomysium

A muscle can have more muscle fibers than motor units.

False

All muscles attach to the bone through a tendon

False

Calcium ions are stored within the synaptic terminal

False

Eccentric muscle actions are used to raise a load from the floor

False

Faster concentric actions can produce more force than slower ones.

False

Fusiform fiber arrangement is a type of pennate architecture

False

Maximum muscle power occurs during an isometric contraction

False

Maximum muscle tension can be generated at a muscle length slightly less than the resting length.

False

The dark banding seen in muscle tissue is the result of actin.

False

The fiber force in a pennate muscle is in the same direction as the tendon

False

The muscle moment arm does not affect the torque a muscle can produce

False

The sarcoplasm is the actual contractile unit of the muscle.

False

Type II fibers are oxidative

False

When muscle is stretched it returns to its resting length because of its contractility prosperities.

False

Muscles with lots of sarcomeres in parallel can achieve high ____

Force

Muscle torque differs from muscle force because ____

Force does not consider the duration of the contraction

Both active and passive tension can be generated at muscle lengths ____

Greater than Lo

Functional training ____

Incorporates balance and coordination into each exercise.

Compared with a pennate muscle of the same volume, a fusiform muscle will have ___

More sacrcomeres in series

The perimysium covers the ____.

Muscle Fascicles

What is the muscle structure from smallest to largest?

Myofilaments, myofibrils, fibers, fascicles, muscle

Strength gains during the first eight weeks of an exercise program are primarily due to ____

Neural Factors

A motor unit is ____.

One neuron and all of the muscle fibers it connects to.

The amount of force that can be produced in a muscle is most closely related to _____

Physiologic cross section

Muscle can produce the greatest tension when the length is____

Slightly greater than resting length

In this role, muscle is active to secure a bone so that movement in and adjacent segment can occur.

Stabilizer

The series elastic component in a muscle is hypothesized to be located in the ____

Tendon and Cross-bridges

Which scenario describes an eccentric contraction?

The knee is flexing as the knee extensor muscle group is active

Power is ____

The product of force and velocity.

Calcium ions must be present for cross-bridges to form.

True

Depolarization occurs in both the nerve and the muscle.

True

Each muscle fiber is covered by perimysium.

True

Lengthening of a muscle before contraction increases the force in a concentric contraction.

True

Muscle compartments are separated by fascia.

True

Muscle force is related to the physiologic cross-sectional area

True

Muscles Shorten by 50% to 70% of their resting length. T or F

True

Pennate fiber arrangements have a pennation angle

True

Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass seen in aging.

True

The largest tensions can be developed in a muscle through eccentric contractions.

True

The physiologic cross section of a fusiform muscle is the same as the anatomical cross section.

True

The stretch shortening cycle consists of ____ in the same muscle.

A concentric contraction followed by an eccentric contraction.

Muscle fiber depolarization occurs when ___

ACh binds to the muscle fiber.


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